{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985403010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1007512.1007527","title":"Evolutionary testing in the presence of loop-assigned flags","display_name":"Evolutionary testing in the presence of loop-assigned flags","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985403010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1007512.1007527","mag":"1985403010"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1007512.1007527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1007512.1007527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1007512.1007527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407085879","display_name":"ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis (ISSTA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGSOFT international symposium on Software testing and analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062840342","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Baresel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891521709","display_name":"Daimler (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m0j3d84","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891521709"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e9 Baresel","raw_affiliation_strings":["DaimlerChrysler AG, Berlin","DaimlerChrysler AG, Berlin#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DaimlerChrysler AG, Berlin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891521709"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DaimlerChrysler AG, Berlin#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891521709"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008760456","display_name":"David Binkley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0059-4024","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0059-4024"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165556055","display_name":"Loyola University Maryland","ror":"https://ror.org/01by1wp65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165556055"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Binkley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loyola College, Baltimore, MD","Loyola College, Baltimore, MD#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola College, Baltimore, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165556055"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola College, Baltimore, MD#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165556055"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000019783","display_name":"Mark Harman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5864-4488","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5864-4488"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Harman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brunel University, Middlesex, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brunel University, Middlesex, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063491923","display_name":"Bogdan Korel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7334-3731","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7334-3731"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bogdan Korel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8367,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":111,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96592845,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"108","last_page":"118"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-testing","display_name":"evolutionary testing","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-data-generation","display_name":"test data generation","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"genetic algorithm","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-testing","display_name":"structural testing","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-testing","display_name":"random testing","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-mutation","display_name":"program mutation","score":0.3569999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51234621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2149495","display_name":"Testability","level":2,"score":0.7420380115509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7336590886116028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.6067467331886292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776730729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392130","display_name":"Flag (linear algebra)","level":3,"score":0.5401889085769653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.506730854511261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.503713071346283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69721887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2600316","display_name":"FLAGS register","level":2,"score":0.44472020864486694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184670325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q512604","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4357263743877411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.39025387167930603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3879602253437042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2832382023334503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2560735046863556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18934842944145203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12481003999710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136119220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660","display_name":"Algebra over a field","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1007512.1007527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1007512.1007527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1007512.1007527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407085879","display_name":"ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis (ISSTA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGSOFT international symposium on Software testing and analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22271383","https://openalex.org/W53653091","https://openalex.org/W92199954","https://openalex.org/W102828965","https://openalex.org/W130593649","https://openalex.org/W1483912281","https://openalex.org/W1484473245","https://openalex.org/W1497256448","https://openalex.org/W1522517002","https://openalex.org/W1529279321","https://openalex.org/W1575308494","https://openalex.org/W1578861446","https://openalex.org/W1584947061","https://openalex.org/W1592447472","https://openalex.org/W1915593822","https://openalex.org/W1974394819","https://openalex.org/W1975620021","https://openalex.org/W1986749780","https://openalex.org/W1988901815","https://openalex.org/W2019298113","https://openalex.org/W2023299380","https://openalex.org/W2026701697","https://openalex.org/W2041470132","https://openalex.org/W2056820901","https://openalex.org/W2059204751","https://openalex.org/W2059942119","https://openalex.org/W2066867661","https://openalex.org/W2074477705","https://openalex.org/W2081488826","https://openalex.org/W2092382400","https://openalex.org/W2097571405","https://openalex.org/W2098779900","https://openalex.org/W2099497471","https://openalex.org/W2101512909","https://openalex.org/W2109276114","https://openalex.org/W2124657291","https://openalex.org/W2128705399","https://openalex.org/W2152759860","https://openalex.org/W2293616642","https://openalex.org/W2293624369","https://openalex.org/W2525203296","https://openalex.org/W4241211222","https://openalex.org/W6604143165"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7028622965","https://openalex.org/W2011825780","https://openalex.org/W4230502378","https://openalex.org/W2155306175","https://openalex.org/W6981871039","https://openalex.org/W2045427795","https://openalex.org/W2071365726","https://openalex.org/W1484283249","https://openalex.org/W2003272000","https://openalex.org/W1584947061"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Evolutionary":[0],"testing":[1,22],"is":[2,90],"an":[3,116],"effective":[4],"technique":[5,18],"for":[6,14,33,166],"automatically":[7],"generating":[8],"good":[9],"quality":[10],"test":[11,36],"data.":[12],"However,":[13],"structural":[15],"testing,":[16],"the":[17,24,43,79,82,85,103,112,124,127,133,136,140],"degenerates":[19],"to":[20,92,105,138],"random":[21],"in":[23,51,160],"presence":[25],"of":[26,81,118,126,135,170],"flag":[27,44],"variables,":[28],"which":[29,139],"also":[30,148],"present":[31],"problems":[32],"other":[34],"automated":[35],"data":[37,77],"generation":[38],"techniques.":[39],"Previous":[40],"work":[41],"on":[42],"problem":[45,137],"does":[46],"not":[47],"address":[48],"flags":[49,63,157],"assigned":[50],"loops.This":[52],"paper":[53,147],"introduces":[54],"a":[55,94,107,150],"testability":[56],"transformation":[57],"that":[58,65,155],"transforms":[59],"programs":[60],"with":[61],"loop--assigned":[62,156],"so":[64],"existing":[66],"genetic":[67,86,141],"approaches":[68],"can":[69,143],"be":[70,144],"successfully":[71],"applied.":[72,145],"It":[73],"then":[74],"presents":[75,149],"empirical":[76,152],"demonstrating":[78],"effectiveness":[80],"transformation.":[83],"Untransformed,":[84],"algorithm":[87,142],"flounders":[88],"and":[89],"unable":[91],"find":[93,106],"solution.":[95,108],"Two":[96],"transformations":[97],"are":[98,158],"considered.":[99],"The":[100,109,146],"first":[101],"allows":[102],"search":[104],"second":[110,151],"reduces":[111,123],"time":[113],"taken":[114],"by":[115],"order":[117],"magnitude":[119],"and,":[120],"more":[121],"importantly,":[122],"slope":[125],"cost":[128],"increase;":[129],"thus,":[130],"greatly":[131],"increasing":[132],"complexity":[134],"study":[153],"showing":[154],"prevalent":[159],"real":[161],"world":[162],"code.":[163],"They":[164],"account":[165],"just":[167],"under":[168],"11%":[169],"all":[171],"flags.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}