{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985361999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160310074022","title":"Edward Jenner (1749-1823)","display_name":"Edward Jenner (1749-1823)","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985361999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160310074022","mag":"1985361999","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8322750"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160310074022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160310074022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160310074022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210218805","display_name":"American journal of diseases of children","issn_l":"0002-922X","issn":["0002-922X","0096-8994","2374-2976","2374-3018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Diseases of Children","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040848541","display_name":"Harry Bloch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181697535","display_name":"SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University","ror":"https://ror.org/0041qmd21","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117211","display_name":"Kings County Hospital Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02emy8e21","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283621791","https://openalex.org/I4210117211"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Harry Bloch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, State University Downstate Medical School, Kings County Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, State University Downstate Medical School, Kings County Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535","https://openalex.org/I4210117211"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040848541"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535","https://openalex.org/I4210117211"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.4976,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98202843,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"147","issue":"7","first_page":"772","last_page":"772"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12990","display_name":"Medical History and Innovations","score":0.7759000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12990","display_name":"Medical History and Innovations","score":0.7759000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11767","display_name":"Poxvirus research and outbreaks","score":0.1679999977350235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.029400000348687172,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edward-jenner","display_name":"Edward Jenner","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smallpox","display_name":"smallpox","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cowpox","display_name":"cowpox","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccination","display_name":"vaccination","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variolation","display_name":"variolation","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-vaccination","display_name":"history of vaccination","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-immunology","display_name":"history of immunology","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-virology","display_name":"history of virology","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-public-health","display_name":"history of public health","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smallpox-eradication","display_name":"smallpox eradication","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-medicine","display_name":"history of medicine","score":0.4569999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.33849406242370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.32167285680770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.304647833108902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.24550539255142212}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004739","descriptor_name":"England","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012899","descriptor_name":"Smallpox","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012900","descriptor_name":"Smallpox Vaccine","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049671","descriptor_name":"History, 18th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049672","descriptor_name":"History, 19th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160310074022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160310074022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160310074022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210218805","display_name":"American journal of diseases of children","issn_l":"0002-922X","issn":["0002-922X","0096-8994","2374-2976","2374-3018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Diseases of Children","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8322750","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8322750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of diseases of children (1960)","raw_type":"Biography"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.504800021648407,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W123930447","https://openalex.org/W1500388238","https://openalex.org/W1980572864","https://openalex.org/W2051909717","https://openalex.org/W2795418147","https://openalex.org/W2928146945","https://openalex.org/W3025461901"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2166463645","https://openalex.org/W2000229312","https://openalex.org/W4229999191","https://openalex.org/W2288082028","https://openalex.org/W1589844156","https://openalex.org/W4402308158","https://openalex.org/W4245050663","https://openalex.org/W13064278","https://openalex.org/W7027773212","https://openalex.org/W2046116021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,105],"rapid":[1],"pace":[2],"of":[3,13,17,41,57,81,100,147],"vaccine":[4],"development":[5,46],"in":[6,48,54,74,123,131,136],"recent":[7],"decades":[8],"often":[9],"leads":[10],"to":[11,36,50,92,120],"neglect":[12],"the":[14,20,38,55,72,77,87,98,144],"historic":[15],"origins":[16],"immunization,":[18],"particularly":[19],"epochal":[21],"contribution":[22],"by":[23,115],"Edward":[24],"Jenner":[25],"(Fig":[26,117],"1).":[27],"Jenner,":[28],"a":[29,101,140],"country":[30],"physician,":[31,142],"invented":[32],"vaccination":[33],"with":[34,43],"cowpox":[35],"replace":[37],"fearful":[39],"dangers":[40],"inoculation":[42],"smallpox.":[44],"This":[45,68],"resulted":[47],"immunity":[49],"smallpox":[51,116],"and":[52,79,84,86,97,108,126,128],"ushered":[53],"era":[56],"preventive":[58],"measures":[59],"for":[60],"contagious":[61],"diseases":[62],"(World":[63],"Health":[64],"News.":[65],"May":[66],"1980).1":[67],"article":[69],"focuses":[70],"on":[71],"events":[73],"Jenner's":[75],"life;":[76],"history":[78],"effects":[80],"smallpox,":[82],"inoculation,":[83],"vaccination;":[85],"English":[88],"physician's":[89],"great":[90],"contributions":[91],"public":[93],"health,":[94],"virology,":[95],"immunology,":[96],"end":[99],"deadly":[102],"disease.":[103],"SMALLPOX":[104],"mortality,":[106],"blindness,":[107],"horrible":[109],"facial":[110],"disfigurement":[111],"that":[112],"are":[113],"characterized":[114],"2)":[118],"date":[119],"remote":[121],"times":[122],"Asia,":[124],"Africa,":[125],"China":[127],"were":[129],"evident":[130],"an":[132],"Egyptian":[133],"mummy":[134],"buried":[135],"1200bc.":[137],"Rhazes":[138],"(845-930),":[139],"Persian":[141],"wrote":[143],"earliest":[145],"description":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
