{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985303435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/98.839330","title":"Handoff in hybrid mobile data networks","display_name":"Handoff in hybrid mobile data networks","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985303435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/98.839330","mag":"1985303435"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/98.839330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/98.839330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/98.839330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2793317","display_name":"IEEE Personal Communications","issn_l":"1070-9916","issn":["1070-9916","1558-0652"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Personal Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009247867","display_name":"Kaveh Pahlavan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7821-586X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7821-586X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Pahlavan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA","Worcester Polytech. Inst., MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytech. Inst., MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054769060","display_name":"P. Krishnamurthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-7972","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-7972"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Krishnamurthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052591552","display_name":"Ahmad Hatami","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Hatami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059694865","display_name":"Mika Ylianttila","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8079-5514","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8079-5514"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Ylianttila","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055348346","display_name":"Juha-Pekka M\u00e4kel\u00e4","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.P. Makela","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Finland","University of Oulu,Finland#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu,Finland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009478922","display_name":"Roman Pichna","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Pichna","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Finland","University of Oulu,Finland#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu,Finland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078019750","display_name":"J. Vallstron","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Vallstron","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.8624,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":484,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99611162,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"34","last_page":"47"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handover","display_name":"handover","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ieee-802-11-wireless-lan","display_name":"IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cdpd","display_name":"CDPD","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gprs","display_name":"GPRS","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-ip","display_name":"Mobile IP","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-access-points","display_name":"virtual access points","score":0.8489999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8070231676101685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.768437385559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111852164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414679","display_name":"Handover","level":2,"score":0.731003999710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86338984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79708","display_name":"General Packet Radio Service","level":3,"score":0.6362389922142029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.5414645075798035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158207573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747224","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","level":4,"score":0.48401209712028503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.4466606378555298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187713609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465461","display_name":"Default gateway","level":2,"score":0.44587141275405884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778555145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4476379","display_name":"Mobility management","level":2,"score":0.437434583902359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82203111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205936","display_name":"Mobile IP","level":3,"score":0.4288628101348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.31393367052078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2555088996887207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/98.839330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/98.839330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/98.839330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2793317","display_name":"IEEE Personal Communications","issn_l":"1070-9916","issn":["1070-9916","1558-0652"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Personal Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83834357","https://openalex.org/W1518953192","https://openalex.org/W1575247687","https://openalex.org/W1921239510","https://openalex.org/W1950676861","https://openalex.org/W1980615101","https://openalex.org/W1984130812","https://openalex.org/W2027515139","https://openalex.org/W2079432097","https://openalex.org/W2101964937","https://openalex.org/W2103313862","https://openalex.org/W2121606661","https://openalex.org/W2122365606","https://openalex.org/W2126637115","https://openalex.org/W2126795083","https://openalex.org/W2127444336","https://openalex.org/W2129163428","https://openalex.org/W2137450614","https://openalex.org/W2139703775","https://openalex.org/W2171365924","https://openalex.org/W6685466526"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096914553","https://openalex.org/W2037457368","https://openalex.org/W1499004572","https://openalex.org/W2127835191","https://openalex.org/W1562134797","https://openalex.org/W2118726427","https://openalex.org/W2098657007","https://openalex.org/W2044569193","https://openalex.org/W2358295624","https://openalex.org/W1535073554"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,18,142,153],"emergence":[2],"of":[3,6,42,94,100,129,149],"a":[4,130,157,162,187,195,198],"variety":[5],"mobile":[7,21,52,85,155,174],"data":[8,31,53,86],"services":[9],"with":[10,47],"variable":[11],"coverage,":[12],"bandwidth,":[13],"and":[14,17,61,77,83,90,97,136,161,168,173,197],"handoff":[15,28,46,62,67],"strategies,":[16],"need":[19],"for":[20,107,141,179,190],"terminals":[22],"to":[23,45,121],"roam":[24],"among":[25],"these":[26],"networks,":[27],"in":[29,69,111,185,194],"hybrid":[30,51,122,131,144,199],"networks":[32,87,106,113,123],"has":[33],"attracted":[34],"tremendous":[35],"attention.":[36],"This":[37],"article":[38],"presents":[39],"an":[40,98,101,127,204],"overview":[41],"issues":[43,119],"related":[44,120],"particular":[48],"emphasis":[49],"on":[50,147],"networks.":[54],"Issues":[55],"are":[56,88,114,124,166,177,201],"logically":[57],"divided":[58],"into":[59],"architectural":[60,118],"decision":[63,109,192],"time":[64,110,193],"algorithms.":[65],"The":[66,116,170,183],"architectures":[68,140],"high-speed":[70],"local":[71],"coverage":[72,81],"IEEE":[73,137],"802.11":[74],"wireless":[75],"LANs,":[76],"low-speed":[78],"wide":[79],"area":[80],"CDPD":[82],"GPRS":[84,135,150],"described":[89,167],"compared.":[91,169],"A":[92],"survey":[93],"traditional":[95],"algorithms":[96],"example":[99,128,143],"advanced":[102],"algorithm":[103,189],"using":[104],"neural":[105],"PTO":[108],"homogeneous":[112,196],"presented.":[115],"HO":[117,191],"discussed":[125],"through":[126,203],"network":[132,200],"that":[133],"employs":[134],"802.11.":[138],"Five":[139],"network,":[145],"based":[146],"emulation":[148],"entities":[151],"within":[152],"WLAN,":[154],"IP,":[156],"virtual":[158],"access":[159],"point,":[160],"mobility":[163,171],"gateway":[164,172],"(proxy),":[165],"IP":[175],"approaches":[176],"selected":[178],"more":[180],"detailed":[181],"discussion.":[182],"differences":[184],"applying":[186],"complex":[188],"shown":[202],"example.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":18}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
