{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985292847","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1258/acb.2009.009172","title":"Measurement of benzodiazepines in urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: confirmation of samples screened by immunoassay","display_name":"Measurement of benzodiazepines in urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: confirmation of samples screened by immunoassay","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985292847","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1258/acb.2009.009172","mag":"1985292847","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19969595"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1258/acb.2009.009172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1258/acb.2009.009172","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1258/acb.2009.009172","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175011280","display_name":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry International Journal of Laboratory Medicine","issn_l":"0004-5632","issn":["0004-5632","1758-1001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029538789","display_name":"Sarah J. Glover","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799390153","display_name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/00v4dac24","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799390153"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah J Glover","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Britannia House, Morley, Leeds LS27 0DQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Britannia House, Morley, Leeds LS27 0DQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799390153"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110171333","display_name":"K R Allen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799390153","display_name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/00v4dac24","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799390153"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keith R Allen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Britannia House, Morley, Leeds LS27 0DQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Britannia House, Morley, Leeds LS27 0DQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799390153"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799390153"],"apc_list":{"value":4150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.155,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88859659,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"2","first_page":"111","last_page":"117"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10800","display_name":"Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10800","display_name":"Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11460","display_name":"Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11423","display_name":"Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benzodiazepines","display_name":"benzodiazepines","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benzodiazepine-metabolites","display_name":"benzodiazepine metabolites","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urine-drug-testing","display_name":"urine drug testing","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunoassay-screening","display_name":"immunoassay screening","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confirmatory-drug-testing","display_name":"confirmatory drug testing","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lc-ms-ms-method-validation","display_name":"LC-MS/MS method validation","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diazepam","display_name":"diazepam","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrazepam","display_name":"nitrazepam","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nordiazepam","display_name":"nordiazepam","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxazepam","display_name":"oxazepam","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temazepam","display_name":"temazepam","score":0.9990000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781006864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q414796","display_name":"Temazepam","level":4,"score":0.8646955490112305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776615572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412299","display_name":"Oxazepam","level":4,"score":0.8620455265045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780420688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759183","display_name":"Immunoassay","level":3,"score":0.8430241346359253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.783759355545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5703303813934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40924","display_name":"Urine","level":2,"score":0.5238732695579529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777207853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410078","display_name":"Nitrazepam","level":3,"score":0.514942467212677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778173252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83871","display_name":"Benzodiazepine","level":3,"score":0.47281017899513245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31827203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874296","display_name":"Tandem mass spectrometry","level":3,"score":0.47037070989608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162356407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180809","display_name":"Mass spectrometry","level":2,"score":0.4703364968299866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119128265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900165","display_name":"Detection limit","level":2,"score":0.46178796887397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64489805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q873864","display_name":"Liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry","level":3,"score":0.4395185112953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2145572006702423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776175493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210402","display_name":"Diazepam","level":2,"score":0.1756434142589569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.14519569277763367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001569","descriptor_name":"Benzodiazepines","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001569","descriptor_name":"Benzodiazepines","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001681","descriptor_name":"Biological Assay","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002853","descriptor_name":"Chromatography, Liquid","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003708","descriptor_name":"Nordazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003708","descriptor_name":"Nordazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005062","descriptor_name":"European Union","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007118","descriptor_name":"Immunoassay","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009567","descriptor_name":"Nitrazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009567","descriptor_name":"Nitrazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009567","descriptor_name":"Nitrazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010076","descriptor_name":"Oxazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010076","descriptor_name":"Oxazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013693","descriptor_name":"Temazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013693","descriptor_name":"Temazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053719","descriptor_name":"Tandem Mass Spectrometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057230","descriptor_name":"Limit of Detection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1258/acb.2009.009172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1258/acb.2009.009172","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1258/acb.2009.009172","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175011280","display_name":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry International Journal of Laboratory Medicine","issn_l":"0004-5632","issn":["0004-5632","1758-1001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19969595","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19969595","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of clinical biochemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9476000070571899,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1558278684","https://openalex.org/W1972311592","https://openalex.org/W1980716994","https://openalex.org/W1986620546","https://openalex.org/W1989656381","https://openalex.org/W2011407833","https://openalex.org/W2033923937","https://openalex.org/W2065083077","https://openalex.org/W2101665151","https://openalex.org/W2117560622","https://openalex.org/W2119306278","https://openalex.org/W2136737356","https://openalex.org/W2138546671","https://openalex.org/W2140695271","https://openalex.org/W2163402540","https://openalex.org/W2165355500","https://openalex.org/W2165862422","https://openalex.org/W2166485872","https://openalex.org/W2169560189","https://openalex.org/W2188058039","https://openalex.org/W2228247746","https://openalex.org/W2262123630","https://openalex.org/W2312399522","https://openalex.org/W2325470784","https://openalex.org/W2332901890","https://openalex.org/W4231094281"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992219588","https://openalex.org/W2161752338","https://openalex.org/W4200534309","https://openalex.org/W4389209230","https://openalex.org/W4403072083","https://openalex.org/W2887803172","https://openalex.org/W4379882951","https://openalex.org/W3200452099","https://openalex.org/W2885235897","https://openalex.org/W2087146844"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Liquid":[1],"chromatography":[2],"linked":[3],"to":[4,12,41,131],"tandem":[5],"mass":[6],"spectrometry":[7],"(LC/MS/MS)":[8],"provides":[9],"the":[10,30,45,115,164,169,190],"ability":[11],"identify":[13],"a":[14,61,66,93,177,207],"range":[15],"of":[16,32,76,103,155,163,174,192,201,210],"benzodiazepines":[17,33,88,156],"in":[18],"accordance":[19],"with":[20,60,218],"European":[21],"Union":[22],"criteria":[23],"and":[24,43,55,105,111,124,126,140,148,203,212],"is":[25,187],"an":[26],"attractive":[27],"method":[28,40,64,185],"for":[29,65,74,81,87,92,114,161,189,196],"confirmation":[31,75,191],"following":[34],"immunoassay":[35,86,193,219],"screening.":[36,220],"METHODS:":[37],"An":[38],"LC/MS/MS":[39,158,184],"detect":[42],"quantitate":[44],"six":[46,116],"most":[47,117],"common":[48,118],"benzodiazepines/metabolites":[49],"(diazepam,":[50],"nitrazepam,":[51],"nordiazepam,":[52],"oxazepam,":[53],"temazepam":[54],"7-aminonitrazepam)":[56],"was":[57,159],"developed":[58,186],"together":[59],"qualitative":[62],"screening":[63,84,194],"further":[67],"11":[68],"benzodiazepines/metabolites.":[69],"These":[70],"methods":[71],"were":[72,107,129,143],"used":[73],"250":[77],"urine":[78,166,171],"samples":[79,90],"submitted":[80],"routine":[82],"drug":[83],"by":[85],"(100":[89],"positive":[91],"benzodiazepine,":[94],"assay":[95,204],"cut-off":[96],">200":[97],"microsg/L).":[98],"RESULTS:":[99],"The":[100,182,198],"lower":[101,199],"limits":[102],"detection":[104,202,211],"quantitation":[106],"less":[108],"than":[109],"2.5":[110],"5":[112],"microg/L":[113,135],"benzodiazepines.":[119,197],"Recoveries":[120],"ranged":[121],"between":[122],"97%":[123],"102%":[125],"calibration":[127],"curves":[128],"linear":[130],"at":[132],"least":[133],"4000":[134],"(r":[136],"=":[137,146,151],"0.99).":[138],"Intra":[139],"inter-assay":[141],"imprecision":[142],"<10%":[144],"(n":[145,150],"10)":[147],"<20%":[149],"15),":[152],"respectively.":[153],"Confirmation":[154],"using":[157,179],"achieved":[160],"89%":[162],"immunoassay-positive":[165],"samples.":[167],"Of":[168],"immunoassay-negative":[170],"samples,":[172],"31%":[173],"these":[175],"demonstrated":[176],"benzodiazepine":[178],"LC/MS/MS.":[180],"CONCLUSION:":[181],"validated":[183],"effective":[188],"results":[195],"limit":[200],"specificity":[205],"offers":[206],"longer":[208],"window":[209],"more":[213],"detailed":[214],"clinical":[215],"information":[216],"compared":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}