{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985197221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.128.3324.594","title":"Evidence That the Mammalian Nephron Functions as a Countercurrent Multiplier System","display_name":"Evidence That the Mammalian Nephron Functions as a Countercurrent Multiplier System","publication_year":1958,"publication_date":"1958-09-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985197221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.128.3324.594","mag":"1985197221","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13580223"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.128.3324.594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.128.3324.594","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.128.3324.594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110262963","display_name":"C. W. GOTTSCHALK","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. W. GOTTSCHALK","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064328902","display_name":"Margaret Mylle","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. MYLLE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8588,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95363881,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"128","issue":"3324","first_page":"594","last_page":"594"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10724","display_name":"Ion Transport and Channel Regulation","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10724","display_name":"Ion Transport and Channel Regulation","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11967","display_name":"Electrolyte and hormonal disorders","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10684","display_name":"Acute Kidney Injury Research","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nephron","display_name":"nephron","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop-of-henle","display_name":"loop of Henle","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osmotic-pressure","display_name":"osmotic pressure","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collecting-duct","display_name":"collecting duct","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distal-convoluted-tubule","display_name":"distal convoluted tubule","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamster-kidney","display_name":"hamster kidney","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urine-concentrating-mechanism","display_name":"urine concentrating mechanism","score":0.4189999997615814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187120659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937912","display_name":"Countercurrent exchange","level":2,"score":0.6964728832244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781231759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58184","display_name":"Nephron","level":3,"score":0.6182331442832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4024474024772644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.33794909715652466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.24577325582504272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.19504863023757935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.11862966418266296}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007668","descriptor_name":"Kidney","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008322","descriptor_name":"Mammals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009399","descriptor_name":"Nephrons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.128.3324.594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.128.3324.594","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.128.3324.594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:13580223","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13580223","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076990220","https://openalex.org/W2408431453","https://openalex.org/W2410439010"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2103938607","https://openalex.org/W2053401172","https://openalex.org/W1975693816","https://openalex.org/W2023441511","https://openalex.org/W2417253810","https://openalex.org/W2082939902","https://openalex.org/W1486597123","https://openalex.org/W2394579203","https://openalex.org/W4242746409","https://openalex.org/W2017918266"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fluid":[0],"collected":[1],"by":[2],"micropuncture":[3],"from":[4,24,34],"the":[5,8,13,18,29,35,44],"bend":[6],"of":[7,10],"loop":[9],"Henle":[11],"in":[12],"concentrating":[14],"hamster":[15],"kidney":[16],"had":[17],"same":[19,30],"osmotic":[20],"pressure":[21],"as":[22],"fluid":[23,46],"a":[25],"collecting":[26],"duct":[27],"at":[28],"level,":[31],"while":[32],"that":[33,43],"distal":[36],"convolution":[37],"was":[38],"more":[39],"dilute.":[40],"This":[41],"indicates":[42],"tubular":[45],"is":[47],"first":[48],"concentrated,":[49],"then":[50],"diluted,":[51],"before":[52],"its":[53],"final":[54],"concentration.":[55]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}