{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985172244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-9877(86)90065-4","title":"Hypothesis: AIDS encephalopathy is due to primary and persistent infection of the brain with a human retrovirus of the lentivirus subfamily","display_name":"Hypothesis: AIDS encephalopathy is due to primary and persistent infection of the brain with a human retrovirus of the lentivirus subfamily","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985172244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-9877(86)90065-4","mag":"1985172244","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3537646"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0306-9877(86)90065-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-9877(86)90065-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-9877(86)90065-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27514295","display_name":"Medical Hypotheses","issn_l":"0306-9877","issn":["0306-9877","1532-2777"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Hypotheses","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077752490","display_name":"Leon G. Epstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4264-3867","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4264-3867"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4402554120","display_name":"Rutgers New Jersey Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/014ye1258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I4390039302","https://openalex.org/I4402554120"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leon G. Epstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosciences UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, U.S.A","Department of Pediatrics UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, U.S.A","The Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, N.I.N.C.D.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosciences UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4402554120"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4402554120"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, N.I.N.C.D.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023703298","display_name":"Leroy R. Sharer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4402554120","display_name":"Rutgers New Jersey Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/014ye1258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I4390039302","https://openalex.org/I4402554120"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leroy R. Sharer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4402554120"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111936437","display_name":"Daniel Carleton Gajdusek","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.Carleton Gajdusek","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, N.I.N.C.D.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, N.I.N.C.D.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2820,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2820},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9093,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78293011,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"87","last_page":"96"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11381","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis","score":0.00430000014603138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12159","display_name":"T-cell and Retrovirus Studies","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aids-encephalopathy","display_name":"AIDS encephalopathy","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv","display_name":"HIV","score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurotropism","display_name":"neurotropism","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathogenesis","display_name":"pathogenesis","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuropathology","display_name":"neuropathology","score":0.6800000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778431562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189308","display_name":"Retrovirus","level":3,"score":0.8462142944335938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779690655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374232","display_name":"Lentivirus","level":4,"score":0.7742962837219238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.7472274303436279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50929876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164280","display_name":"Subfamily","level":3,"score":0.688978910446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778621155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576349","display_name":"Encephalopathy","level":2,"score":0.5936964750289917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5751875042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780942790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372016","display_name":"Pathogenesis","level":2,"score":0.4622634947299957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781131914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154666","display_name":"Bovine spongiform encephalopathy","level":4,"score":0.434403657913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.4196872115135193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780727368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928978","display_name":"Viral disease","level":3,"score":0.3578144609928131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.303702175617218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.276126891374588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.27499356865882874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.207878977060318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.15795224905014038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.1449369192123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019804061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14881255","display_name":"Prion protein","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000163","descriptor_name":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000163","descriptor_name":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000163","descriptor_name":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004195","descriptor_name":"Disease Models, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004660","descriptor_name":"Encephalitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004660","descriptor_name":"Encephalitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004660","descriptor_name":"Encephalitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006678","descriptor_name":"HIV","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0306-9877(86)90065-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-9877(86)90065-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-9877(86)90065-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27514295","display_name":"Medical Hypotheses","issn_l":"0306-9877","issn":["0306-9877","1532-2777"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Hypotheses","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3537646","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3537646","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical hypotheses","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968560825","https://openalex.org/W1974060304","https://openalex.org/W1974905296","https://openalex.org/W1976601365","https://openalex.org/W1977282539","https://openalex.org/W1981585109","https://openalex.org/W1987888541","https://openalex.org/W1991617036","https://openalex.org/W1991670386","https://openalex.org/W1997795602","https://openalex.org/W2011603889","https://openalex.org/W2014074003","https://openalex.org/W2018168876","https://openalex.org/W2019890724","https://openalex.org/W2038390913","https://openalex.org/W2041815424","https://openalex.org/W2042695720","https://openalex.org/W2062678989","https://openalex.org/W2066818781","https://openalex.org/W2080312964","https://openalex.org/W2090431802","https://openalex.org/W2104470055","https://openalex.org/W2110411605","https://openalex.org/W2118622776","https://openalex.org/W2162853689","https://openalex.org/W2178964873","https://openalex.org/W2312778470","https://openalex.org/W2317372982","https://openalex.org/W2317961965","https://openalex.org/W2322092063","https://openalex.org/W2339085593","https://openalex.org/W2407627176","https://openalex.org/W2414372670","https://openalex.org/W2732899781"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2223106899","https://openalex.org/W1976752405","https://openalex.org/W1974905296","https://openalex.org/W2064569895","https://openalex.org/W2041368401","https://openalex.org/W4389736080","https://openalex.org/W4234216887","https://openalex.org/W107387772","https://openalex.org/W2156096686","https://openalex.org/W4237964115"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
