{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985162771","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.427","title":"Assessing the risk of exogenously consumed pharmaceuticals in land-applied human urine","display_name":"Assessing the risk of exogenously consumed pharmaceuticals in land-applied human urine","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985162771","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.427","mag":"1985162771","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20861548"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2166/wst.2010.427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.427","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53450646","display_name":"Water Science & Technology","issn_l":"0273-1223","issn":["0273-1223","1996-9732"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320146","host_organization_name":"Pergamon Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320146"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pergamon Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085161015","display_name":"Usman Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6169-0397","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6169-0397"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"U. Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering & Applied Mechanics, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montr\u00e9al QC H3A 2K6, Canada E-mail: jim.nicell@mcgill.ca"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering & Applied Mechanics, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montr\u00e9al QC H3A 2K6, Canada E-mail: jim.nicell@mcgill.ca","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011649041","display_name":"Jim A. Nicell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0119-2967","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0119-2967"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. A. Nicell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering & Applied Mechanics, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montr\u00e9al QC H3A 2K6, Canada E-mail: jim.nicell@mcgill.ca"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering & Applied Mechanics, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montr\u00e9al QC H3A 2K6, Canada E-mail: jim.nicell@mcgill.ca","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085161015"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2929,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59800685,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"6","first_page":"1335","last_page":"1345"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10419","display_name":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10419","display_name":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13092","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry and Analysis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urine-as-fertilizer","display_name":"urine as fertilizer","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"risk assessment","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmaceutically-active-compounds","display_name":"pharmaceutically active compounds","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-health-risk","display_name":"human health risk","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trophic-transfer","display_name":"trophic transfer","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-recovery","display_name":"nutrient recovery","score":0.33899998664855957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40924","display_name":"Urine","level":2,"score":0.6481378078460693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987857752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147","display_name":"Human health","level":2,"score":0.6421728134155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49261128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132455","display_name":"Hazard","level":2,"score":0.571958065032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4851192235946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.40237516164779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3824308514595032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.31453150510787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.23802396655082703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1685824692249298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.12065282464027405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004364","descriptor_name":"Pharmaceutical Preparations","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004364","descriptor_name":"Pharmaceutical Preparations","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011634","descriptor_name":"Public Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012989","descriptor_name":"Soil Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014556","descriptor_name":"Urine","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014865","descriptor_name":"Waste Disposal, Fluid","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014874","descriptor_name":"Water Pollutants, Chemical","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017753","descriptor_name":"Ecosystem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018508","descriptor_name":"Water Purification","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2166/wst.2010.427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.427","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53450646","display_name":"Water Science & Technology","issn_l":"0273-1223","issn":["0273-1223","1996-9732"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320146","host_organization_name":"Pergamon Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320146"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pergamon Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:20861548","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20861548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.5925999879837036,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"},{"score":0.53329998254776,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7165920669","https://openalex.org/W4411437357","https://openalex.org/W1838700833","https://openalex.org/W6999742289","https://openalex.org/W4379057619","https://openalex.org/W2910727880","https://openalex.org/W7014390122","https://openalex.org/W3114380677","https://openalex.org/W4365448725","https://openalex.org/W7213483393"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Once":[0],"separated,":[1],"the":[2,17,27,30,46,73,102,106,122,126,133,140],"use":[3],"of":[4,19,49,56,81,105,142],"urine":[5,137],"as":[6,101],"fertilizer":[7],"is":[8,37,147],"a":[9,33,85],"particular":[10],"attractive":[11],"proposition":[12],"and":[13,21,60,76,109,132],"can":[14],"significantly":[15],"mitigate":[16],"release":[18],"nutrients":[20],"pharmaceutically":[22],"active":[23],"compounds":[24],"(PhACs)":[25],"to":[26,89,111,124,135,138],"environment.":[28],"In":[29,63],"current":[31],"study,":[32],"simple":[34],"methodological":[35],"framework":[36],"proposed":[38,74],"for":[39],"assessing":[40],"risks":[41],"that":[42,79],"are":[43],"posed":[44],"by":[45],"land":[47],"application":[48],"urine,":[50],"which":[51],"contains":[52],"PhACs,":[53],"in":[54],"terms":[55],"6":[57],"selected":[58],"environmental":[59],"human-health":[61,93,112],"endpoints.":[62,94],"total,":[64],"25":[65],"commonly":[66],"used":[67],"PhACs":[68,144],"were":[69],"conservatively":[70],"assessed":[71],"using":[72],"methodology":[75],"results":[77,120],"indicated":[78],"14":[80],"them":[82],"may":[83],"pose":[84],"risk":[86],"with":[87,130],"respect":[88],"either":[90],"eco-toxicological":[91,107],"or":[92],"The":[95,119],"receiving":[96],"terrestrial":[97],"environment":[98],"was":[99,113],"identified":[100],"most":[103,114],"susceptible":[104],"endpoints":[108],"hazard":[110],"significant":[115],"through":[116],"food-chain":[117],"transfer.":[118],"highlight":[121],"need":[123,134],"consider":[125],"potential":[127],"impacts":[128],"associated":[129],"pharmaceuticals":[131],"pre-treat":[136],"address":[139],"presence":[141],"problematic":[143],"before":[145],"it":[146],"applied":[148],"on":[149],"land.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}