{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985153254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/art.22156","title":"Low blood concentration of hydroxychloroquine is a marker for and predictor of disease exacerbations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","display_name":"Low blood concentration of hydroxychloroquine is a marker for and predictor of disease exacerbations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985153254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/art.22156","mag":"1985153254","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17009263"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/art.22156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/art.22156","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/art.22156","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132787887","display_name":"Arthritis & Rheumatism","issn_l":"0004-3591","issn":["0004-3591","1529-0131"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062315921","display_name":"Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1555-9021","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1555-9021","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6031-574X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathalie Costedoat\u2010Chalumeau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France. nathalie.costedoat@psl.aphp.fr","Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France. nathalie.costedoat@psl.aphp.fr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034623450","display_name":"Zahir Amoura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0292-9043","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0292-9043"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zahir Amoura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077621721","display_name":"Jean\u2010S\u00e9bastien Hulot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5463-6117","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5463-6117"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean\u2010S\u00e9bastien Hulot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010119785","display_name":"Hala Abou Hammoud","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hala Abou Hammoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024879156","display_name":"Guy Aymard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guy Aymard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037078532","display_name":"P. Cacoub","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6727-4992","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6727-4992"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrice Cacoub","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028733804","display_name":"Camille Franc\u00e8s","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3952-1975","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3952-1975"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Camille Franc\u00e8s","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113681883","display_name":"B. Wechsler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bertrand Wechsler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025584200","display_name":"D u Le Thi Huong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Du Le Thi Huong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112244263","display_name":"Pascale Ghillani\u2010Dalbin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1369-7690","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1369-7690"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pascale Ghillani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018835683","display_name":"L. Musset","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0215-4110","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0215-4110"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucile Musset","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026564613","display_name":"Philippe P. Lechat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5896-8207","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5896-8207"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philippe Lechat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109101831","display_name":"J.C. Piett\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5623-2087","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5623-2087"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097159","display_name":"Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121705","display_name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh9a093","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean\u2010Charles Piette","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Universit\u00e9 Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210121705","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.6578,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":307,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97843214,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"10","first_page":"3284","last_page":"3290"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10308","display_name":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10308","display_name":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10200","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11330","display_name":"Systemic Sclerosis and Related Diseases","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydroxychloroquine","display_name":"hydroxychloroquine","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systemic-lupus-erythematosus","display_name":"systemic lupus erythematosus","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/whole-blood-drug-concentration","display_name":"whole blood drug concentration","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-exacerbation","display_name":"disease exacerbation","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-activity","display_name":"disease activity","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-drug-monitoring","display_name":"therapeutic drug monitoring","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-efficacy","display_name":"drug efficacy","score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognostic-factors","display_name":"prognostic factors","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sle-disease-activity-index","display_name":"SLE disease activity index","score":0.6660000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9097619652748108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779123688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421094","display_name":"Hydroxychloroquine","level":5,"score":0.8557620644569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777014857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383410","display_name":"Exacerbation","level":2,"score":0.7942651510238647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7541135549545288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.606300413608551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.5967016816139221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776670291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779300","display_name":"Connective tissue disease","level":4,"score":0.5377986431121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.5184006690979004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778715236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55622662","display_name":"Discontinuation","level":2,"score":0.510739803314209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1621761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7997549","display_name":"Whole blood","level":2,"score":0.47896578907966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775915377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188297","display_name":"Lupus erythematosus","level":3,"score":0.44181859493255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76318530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16833590","display_name":"Area under the curve","level":2,"score":0.4332357347011566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.4138035178184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.40595367550849915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2827604413032532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779075594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8084905","display_name":"Autoimmune disease","level":3,"score":0.24301695823669434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002851","descriptor_name":"Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006886","descriptor_name":"Hydroxychloroquine","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006886","descriptor_name":"Hydroxychloroquine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008180","descriptor_name":"Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008180","descriptor_name":"Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008180","descriptor_name":"Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016015","descriptor_name":"Logistic Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018450","descriptor_name":"Disease Progression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/art.22156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/art.22156","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/art.22156","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132787887","display_name":"Arthritis & Rheumatism","issn_l":"0004-3591","issn":["0004-3591","1529-0131"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17009263","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17009263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arthritis and rheumatism","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4149032","https://openalex.org/W76342277","https://openalex.org/W1968955854","https://openalex.org/W2005937589","https://openalex.org/W2026330543","https://openalex.org/W2033590430","https://openalex.org/W2062320562","https://openalex.org/W2064999867","https://openalex.org/W2073151750","https://openalex.org/W2101659916","https://openalex.org/W2112324202","https://openalex.org/W2113059823","https://openalex.org/W2129852468","https://openalex.org/W2331773630","https://openalex.org/W4242308600"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2214805893","https://openalex.org/W1552581629","https://openalex.org/W7155212241","https://openalex.org/W4379797659","https://openalex.org/W3139526034","https://openalex.org/W4387077922","https://openalex.org/W2461556890","https://openalex.org/W1544997632","https://openalex.org/W4388995861","https://openalex.org/W2338551689"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"study":[2],"the":[3,103,122,131,138,153,164,168,240],"possible":[4],"relationship":[5,52],"between":[6],"whole-blood":[7,91,191,211],"hydroxychloroquine":[8],"(HCQ)":[9],"concentrations":[10,26,55,213],"and":[11,60,220,231],"clinical":[12],"efficacy":[13,241],"of":[14,53,67,171,195,203,225,234,242],"HCQ":[15,25,42,92,133,165,192,212,243],"in":[16,32,94,102,137,152,245],"patients":[17,35,75,105,124,154,246],"with":[18,36,106,216,247],"systemic":[19],"lupus":[20],"erythematosus":[21],"(SLE).":[22],"METHODS:":[23],"Whole-blood":[24],"were":[27],"measured,":[28],"under":[29],"blinded":[30],"conditions,":[31],"143":[33],"unselected":[34],"SLE":[37,82,217],"who":[38,125,141],"had":[39,76,126,142,198],"been":[40],"receiving":[41],"400":[43],"mg":[44],"daily":[45],"for":[46,205],"at":[47,129,135],"least":[48],"6":[49,65],"months.":[50],"The":[51,89],"these":[54],"to":[56,61,238],"current":[57],"disease":[58,78,108,128,143,156,218,226],"activity":[59,219],"subsequent":[62],"exacerbations":[63,144],"during":[64,145,207],"months":[66],"followup":[68,146],"was":[69,97,147,167],"investigated.":[70],"RESULTS:":[71],"At":[72],"baseline,":[73,130],"23":[74],"active":[77],"(mean":[79],"+/-":[80,87,110,115],"SD":[81],"Disease":[83],"Activity":[84],"Index":[85],"12.4":[86],"7.5).":[88],"mean":[90,132],"concentration":[93,134,166,193],"this":[95],"group":[96],"significantly":[98,148],"lower":[99,149],"than":[100,150],"that":[101,151,163,189],"120":[104,123],"inactive":[107,127],"(694":[109],"448":[111],"ng/ml":[112,197],"versus":[113],"1,079":[114],"526":[116],"ng/ml;":[117],"P":[118,180],"=":[119,181],"0.001).":[120],"Among":[121],"baseline":[136],"14":[139],"(12%)":[140],"whose":[155],"remained":[157],"inactive.":[158],"Multivariate":[159],"logistic":[160],"regression":[161],"showed":[162,188],"only":[169],"predictor":[170,224],"exacerbation":[172,206],"(odds":[173],"ratio":[174],"0.4":[175],"[95%":[176],"confidence":[177],"interval":[178],"0.18-0.85],":[179],"0.01).":[182],"Receiver":[183],"operating":[184],"characteristic":[185],"curve":[186],"analysis":[187],"a":[190,199,222],"cutoff":[194],"1,000":[196],"negative":[200],"predictive":[201],"value":[202],"96%":[204],"followup.":[208],"CONCLUSION:":[209],"Low":[210],"are":[214,221],"associated":[215],"strong":[223],"exacerbation.":[227],"Regular":[228],"drug":[229],"assaying":[230],"individual":[232],"tailoring":[233],"treatment":[235,244],"might":[236],"help":[237],"improve":[239],"SLE.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
