{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985129608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199601000-00010","title":"Hemodynamic Responses to Intravascular Injection of Epinephrine-containing Epidural Test Doses in Adults during General Anesthesia","display_name":"Hemodynamic Responses to Intravascular Injection of Epinephrine-containing Epidural Test Doses in Adults during General Anesthesia","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985129608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199601000-00010","mag":"1985129608","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8572358"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00000542-199601000-00010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199601000-00010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199601000-00010","pdf_url":"https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article-pdf/84/1/81/371455/0000542-199601000-00010.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124035732","display_name":"Anesthesiology","issn_l":"0003-3022","issn":["0003-3022","1528-1175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anesthesiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article-pdf/84/1/81/371455/0000542-199601000-00010.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109896931","display_name":"Spencer S. Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317886745","display_name":"Virginia Mason Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00cm2cb35","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745","https://openalex.org/I2802797007","https://openalex.org/I4210118434"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Spencer\u00a0S. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington 98111, USA. anessl@vmmc.org","Staff Anesthesiologist, Virginia Mason Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington 98111, USA. anessl@vmmc.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Staff Anesthesiologist, Virginia Mason Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109314093","display_name":"Randall L. Carpenter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282516798","display_name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","ror":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798","https://openalex.org/I47251452"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47251452","display_name":"Wake Forest University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207ad724","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randall\u00a0L. Carpenter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine at Wake Forest University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine at Wake Forest University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282516798","https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4051,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95757924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"84","issue":"1","first_page":"81","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10436","display_name":"Anesthesia and Sedative Agents","score":0.016100000590085983,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11905","display_name":"Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intravascular-injection","display_name":"intravascular injection","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidural-anesthesia","display_name":"epidural anesthesia","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemodynamic-response","display_name":"hemodynamic response","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidocaine","display_name":"lidocaine","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isoflurane","display_name":"isoflurane","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrous-oxide","display_name":"nitrous oxide","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-anesthesia","display_name":"general anesthesia","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-response-relationship","display_name":"dose-response relationship","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate","display_name":"heart rate","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure","display_name":"blood pressure","score":0.9959999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775859304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132621","display_name":"Epinephrine","level":2,"score":0.825137197971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8103659152984619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178853913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642137","display_name":"Hemodynamics","level":2,"score":0.7899830937385559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.7615362405776978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.6022825241088867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413918","display_name":"Isoflurane","level":2,"score":0.5872188210487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780149897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216935","display_name":"Lidocaine","level":2,"score":0.5393227934837341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.45528990030288696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777397205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275792","display_name":"Saline","level":2,"score":0.4124922752380371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.19839796423912048}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000767","descriptor_name":"Anesthesia, Epidural","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000768","descriptor_name":"Anesthesia, General","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001831","descriptor_name":"Body Temperature","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004311","descriptor_name":"Double-Blind Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004837","descriptor_name":"Epinephrine","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006439","descriptor_name":"Hemodynamics","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007268","descriptor_name":"Injections, Epidural","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007275","descriptor_name":"Injections, Intravenous","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007530","descriptor_name":"Isoflurane","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009609","descriptor_name":"Nitrous Oxide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018685","descriptor_name":"Anesthetics, Inhalation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00000542-199601000-00010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199601000-00010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199601000-00010","pdf_url":"https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article-pdf/84/1/81/371455/0000542-199601000-00010.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124035732","display_name":"Anesthesiology","issn_l":"0003-3022","issn":["0003-3022","1528-1175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anesthesiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8572358","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8572358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anesthesiology","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00000542-199601000-00010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199601000-00010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199601000-00010","pdf_url":"https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article-pdf/84/1/81/371455/0000542-199601000-00010.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124035732","display_name":"Anesthesiology","issn_l":"0003-3022","issn":["0003-3022","1528-1175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anesthesiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1985129608.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1985129608.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544782953","https://openalex.org/W1969006837","https://openalex.org/W1980436530","https://openalex.org/W1981651633","https://openalex.org/W1983948423","https://openalex.org/W1987328977","https://openalex.org/W1999986707","https://openalex.org/W2004160485","https://openalex.org/W2018163539","https://openalex.org/W2027235611","https://openalex.org/W2029982500","https://openalex.org/W2034451804","https://openalex.org/W2036292151","https://openalex.org/W2045059130","https://openalex.org/W2063913011","https://openalex.org/W2068246819","https://openalex.org/W2077474822","https://openalex.org/W2085741321","https://openalex.org/W2085942688","https://openalex.org/W2086684145","https://openalex.org/W2087300671","https://openalex.org/W2088909903","https://openalex.org/W2094085850","https://openalex.org/W2099853867","https://openalex.org/W2103850498","https://openalex.org/W2106204973","https://openalex.org/W2122401378","https://openalex.org/W2127282953","https://openalex.org/W2128018054","https://openalex.org/W2130601291"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979070699","https://openalex.org/W2083376691","https://openalex.org/W2064548654","https://openalex.org/W1980966663","https://openalex.org/W1973017730","https://openalex.org/W4233053199","https://openalex.org/W1991587711","https://openalex.org/W2386712717","https://openalex.org/W2065936648","https://openalex.org/W1996353392"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Epidural":[1],"anesthesia":[2],"is":[3],"sometimes":[4],"initiated":[5],"during":[6,100,249],"general":[7,231],"anesthesia,":[8],"yet":[9],"few":[10],"data":[11],"exist":[12],"concerning":[13],"efficacy":[14],"of":[15,40,102,121,197,218,224,230],"epinephrine-containing":[16],"test":[17,53,219,243],"doses.":[18],"METHODS:":[19],"Thirty-six":[20],"patients":[21],"were":[22,80,93,113,131,140,180],"randomized":[23],"to":[24,123,202,215],"receive":[25],"either":[26],"0.5":[27,34],"MAC":[28,31,35,38],"isoflurane,":[29,32],"1":[30],"or":[33,148,156,164,173],"each":[36],"(1":[37],"total)":[39],"isoflurane":[41],"and":[42,62,73,76,108,168,184,209,226,228],"nitrous":[43],"oxide.":[44],"Each":[45],"subject":[46],"received":[47],"intravenous":[48],"saline":[49],"followed":[50],"by":[51],"three":[52],"doses":[54,120,196,220],"containing":[55],"45":[56],"mg":[57],"lidocaine":[58],"with":[59,115,222],"7.5,":[60],"15,":[61],"30":[63],"micrograms":[64,204,237],"epinephrine":[65,107,122,183,198,225,238],"in":[66,98,111,144,187,240],"a":[67],"randomized,":[68],"double-blind":[69],"fashion.":[70],"Heart":[71],"rate":[72,146],"systolic,":[74],"diastolic,":[75],"mean":[77,169],"blood":[78,153,161,170],"pressures":[79],"measured":[81],"for":[82,182],"5":[83],"min":[84],"after":[85],"injection.":[86],"Positive":[87,137],"hemodynamic":[88,127,138,207],"criteria":[89,139],"identifying":[90],"intravascular":[91,216],"injection":[92,217],"determined":[94,132],"from":[95,133,192,200],"peak":[96,109,125,185],"increases":[97,110,128,143,186],"hemodynamics":[99,112,188],"administration":[101],"saline.":[103],"Dose-effect":[104],"relationships":[105,179],"between":[106],"assessed":[114],"linear":[116,134],"regression.":[117,135],"Minimum":[118,194],"required":[119,195],"produce":[124],"positive":[126],"on":[129,206],"average":[130],"RESULTS:":[136],"identified":[141],"as":[142],"heart":[145],">":[147,155,163,172],"=":[149,157,165,174],"8":[150],"beats/min,":[151],"systolic":[152],"pressure":[154,162,171],"13":[158],"mmHg,":[159,167],"diastolic":[160],"7":[166],"9":[175],"mmHg.":[176],"Significant":[177],"dose-effect":[178],"observed":[181],"(correlation":[189],"coefficients":[190],"ranged":[191,199],"0.61-0.91).":[193],"6":[201],"19":[203],"depending":[205],"measurement":[208],"anesthetic":[210,232,251],"group.":[211],"CONCLUSIONS:":[212],"Hemodynamic":[213],"responses":[214],"vary":[221],"dose":[223,244],"depth":[227],"type":[229],"used.":[233],"Thus,":[234],"the":[235,241],"15":[236],"contained":[239],"standard":[242],"may":[245],"not":[246],"be":[247],"sufficient":[248],"all":[250],"conditions.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
