{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1984564310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076518","title":"Metformin Targets the Metabolic Achilles Heel of Human Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells","display_name":"Metformin Targets the Metabolic Achilles Heel of Human Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1984564310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076518","mag":"1984564310","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24204632","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3799760"},"language":"nl","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076518","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076518","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0076518&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0076518&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043067889","display_name":"Enza Lonardo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6654-1043","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6654-1043","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9227-3772"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089594","display_name":"Spanish National Cancer Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/00bvhmc43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enza Lonardo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075654305","display_name":"Michele Cioffi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4180-5369","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4180-5369"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089594","display_name":"Spanish National Cancer Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/00bvhmc43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Cioffi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037568446","display_name":"Patricia Sancho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1092-5395","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1092-5395"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089594","display_name":"Spanish National Cancer Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/00bvhmc43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patricia Sancho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058059146","display_name":"Yolanda Sanchez-Ripoll","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089594","display_name":"Spanish National Cancer Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/00bvhmc43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yolanda Sanchez-Ripoll","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052457337","display_name":"Sara Maria David Trabulo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3178-2119","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3178-2119"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089594","display_name":"Spanish National Cancer Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/00bvhmc43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara Maria Trabulo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jorge Dorado","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089594","display_name":"Spanish National Cancer Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/00bvhmc43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Dorado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080784515","display_name":"Anamaria Balic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6796-1197","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6796-1197"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089594","display_name":"Spanish National Cancer Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/00bvhmc43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anamaria Balic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086660695","display_name":"Manuel M. Hidalgo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3765-3318","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3765-3318"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089594","display_name":"Spanish National Cancer Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/00bvhmc43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Hidalgo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gastrointestinal Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Clinical Research Programme (CNIO), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gastrointestinal Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Clinical Research Programme (CNIO), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058816620","display_name":"Christopher Heeschen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1158-8554","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1158-8554"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089594","display_name":"Spanish National Cancer Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/00bvhmc43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Heeschen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058816620"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089594"],"apc_list":{"value":2382,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2382},"apc_paid":{"value":2382,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2382},"fwci":6.4525,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":171,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98144309,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"10","first_page":"e76518","last_page":"e76518"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11339","display_name":"Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer","score":0.9110999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11339","display_name":"Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer","score":0.9110999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10336","display_name":"Cancer Cells and Metastasis","score":0.03889999911189079,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10231","display_name":"Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research","score":0.03700000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metformin","display_name":"metformin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pancreatic-cancer-stem-cells","display_name":"pancreatic cancer stem cells","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pancreatic-ductal-adenocarcinoma","display_name":"pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apoptosis","display_name":"apoptosis","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-oxygen-species","display_name":"reactive oxygen species","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitochondrial-membrane-potential","display_name":"mitochondrial membrane potential","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-crisis","display_name":"energy crisis","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothened-inhibitor","display_name":"Smoothened inhibitors","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-stroma","display_name":"tumor stroma","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gemcitabine","display_name":"gemcitabine","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pluripotency-genes","display_name":"pluripotency genes","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-cycle-arrest","display_name":"cell cycle arrest","score":0.6460000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19484","display_name":"Metformin","level":3,"score":0.9242444038391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55427017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638475","display_name":"Cancer stem cell","level":3,"score":0.6874133944511414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.6693601608276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780210213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212961","display_name":"Pancreatic cancer","level":3,"score":0.5797519683837891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5029825568199158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28328180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196","display_name":"Stem cell","level":2,"score":0.4795765280723572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.4767918586730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96232424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118072","display_name":"Cancer cell","level":3,"score":0.45880332589149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780124434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12357464","display_name":"AMPK","level":4,"score":0.4238315224647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.31582871079444885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.21004363894462585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.16576233506202698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11960822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242736","display_name":"Phosphorylation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97029542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q281417","display_name":"Protein kinase A","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002471","descriptor_name":"Cell Transformation, Neoplastic","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002471","descriptor_name":"Cell Transformation, Neoplastic","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002471","descriptor_name":"Cell Transformation, Neoplastic","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008687","descriptor_name":"Metformin","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014411","descriptor_name":"Neoplastic Stem Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014411","descriptor_name":"Neoplastic Stem Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015972","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017154","descriptor_name":"Stromal Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017154","descriptor_name":"Stromal Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018450","descriptor_name":"Disease Progression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021441","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021441","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021441","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D045744","descriptor_name":"Cell Line, Tumor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076518","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076518","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0076518&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2809054","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3799760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:24204632","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24204632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PloS one","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3799760","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3799760/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS One","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.814.1792","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.814.1792","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/32/5e/pone.0076518.PMC3799760.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:17c76fd5de924974bacb9a29bbe1ecdf","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/17c76fd5de924974bacb9a29bbe1ecdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 10, p e76518 (2013)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/828278","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/_Metformin_Targets_the_Metabolic_Achilles_Heel_of_Human_Pancreatic_Cancer_Stem_Cells_/828278","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076518","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076518","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0076518&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3920018500","display_name":"Targeting the tumour microenvironment to improve pancreatic cancer prognosis","funder_award_id":"256974","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1984564310.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1984564310.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1896997857","https://openalex.org/W1966735534","https://openalex.org/W1988783376","https://openalex.org/W1994686298","https://openalex.org/W1995069275","https://openalex.org/W2009937603","https://openalex.org/W2010238890","https://openalex.org/W2011807945","https://openalex.org/W2026967508","https://openalex.org/W2029443168","https://openalex.org/W2030031350","https://openalex.org/W2041426549","https://openalex.org/W2057139536","https://openalex.org/W2071394735","https://openalex.org/W2081711123","https://openalex.org/W2089294608","https://openalex.org/W2097259163","https://openalex.org/W2103676852","https://openalex.org/W2105114667","https://openalex.org/W2107441200","https://openalex.org/W2125747634","https://openalex.org/W2129433069","https://openalex.org/W2131170195","https://openalex.org/W2133810389","https://openalex.org/W2136383161","https://openalex.org/W2144399303","https://openalex.org/W2151089236","https://openalex.org/W2152561870","https://openalex.org/W2158734599","https://openalex.org/W2172077519","https://openalex.org/W2313096685","https://openalex.org/W2554987853","https://openalex.org/W3134530972","https://openalex.org/W4244578979","https://openalex.org/W6639776217"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096952057","https://openalex.org/W2318630559","https://openalex.org/W839105568","https://openalex.org/W1892036645","https://openalex.org/W2152561870","https://openalex.org/W2031191632","https://openalex.org/W2205226578","https://openalex.org/W2774778241","https://openalex.org/W2021119920","https://openalex.org/W2144719083"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pancreatic":[0],"ductal":[1],"adenocarcinomas":[2],"contain":[3],"a":[4,132],"subset":[5],"of":[6,16,45,55,103,111],"exclusively":[7],"tumorigenic":[8],"cancer":[9,21,116],"stem":[10],"cells":[11],"(CSCs),":[12],"which":[13],"are":[14,25],"capable":[15],"repopulating":[17],"the":[18,53],"entire":[19],"heterogeneous":[20],"cell":[22,75],"populations":[23],"and":[24,48,94,125],"highly":[26],"resistant":[27],"to":[28,58],"standard":[29],"chemotherapy.":[30],"Here":[31],"we":[32],"demonstrate":[33],"that":[34],"metformin":[35,83,86,120],"selectively":[36],"ablated":[37],"pancreatic":[38],"CSCs":[39,57,108],"as":[40],"evidenced":[41],"by":[42,66,74,82],"diminished":[43],"expression":[44],"pluripotency-associated":[46],"genes":[47],"CSC-associated":[49],"surface":[50],"markers.":[51],"Subsequently,":[52],"ability":[54],"metformin-treated":[56],"clonally":[59],"expand":[60],"in":[61,92,107,114],"vitro":[62],"was":[63,109],"irreversibly":[64],"abrogated":[65],"inducing":[67],"apoptosis.":[68],"In":[69],"contrast,":[70],"non-CSCs":[71],"preferentially":[72],"responded":[73],"cycle":[76],"arrest,":[77],"but":[78],"were":[79],"not":[80],"eliminated":[81],"treatment.":[84],"Mechanistically,":[85],"increased":[87],"reactive":[88],"oxygen":[89],"species":[90],"production":[91],"CSC":[93],"reduced":[95,122],"their":[96],"mitochondrial":[97],"transmembrane":[98],"potential.":[99],"The":[100],"subsequent":[101],"induction":[102],"lethal":[104],"energy":[105],"crisis":[106],"independent":[110],"AMPK/mTOR.":[112],"Finally,":[113],"primary":[115],"tissue":[117,138],"xenograft":[118],"models":[119],"effectively":[121],"tumor":[123],"burden":[124],"prevented":[126],"disease":[127],"progression;":[128],"if":[129],"combined":[130],"with":[131],"stroma-targeting":[133],"smoothened":[134],"inhibitor":[135],"for":[136],"enhanced":[137],"penetration,":[139],"while":[140],"gemcitabine":[141],"actually":[142],"appeared":[143],"dispensable.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":21}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
