{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1984495038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.88.154801","title":"Transverse Envelope Dynamics of a 28.5-GeV Electron Beam in a Long Plasma","display_name":"Transverse Envelope Dynamics of a 28.5-GeV Electron Beam in a Long Plasma","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-04-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1984495038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.88.154801","mag":"1984495038","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11955201"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/physrevlett.88.154801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.88.154801","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.88.154801","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24807848","display_name":"Physical Review Letters","issn_l":"0031-9007","issn":["0031-9007","1079-7114","1092-0145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt7w79w0t1/qt7w79w0t1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047538680","display_name":"Christopher E. Clayton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-6922","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-6922"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. E. Clayton","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA","#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016654759","display_name":"B. E. Blue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-2970","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-2970"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. E. Blue","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058153836","display_name":"Evan S. Dodd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0759-4476","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0759-4476"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. S. Dodd","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038447973","display_name":"C. Joshi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085202083","display_name":"K. A. Marsh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0107-7803","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0107-7803"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. A. Marsh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013491977","display_name":"Warren B. Mori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6394-5082","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6394-5082"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. B. Mori","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068922683","display_name":"S. Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9707-2497","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9707-2497"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112524656","display_name":"Palma Catravas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Catravas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Berkeley, California 94720"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Berkeley, California 94720","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024795758","display_name":"Swapan Chattopadhyay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1097-8806","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1097-8806","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7938-9749","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8656-1252","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8789-0004"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Chattopadhyay","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Berkeley, California 94720"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Berkeley, California 94720","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005409056","display_name":"Eric H. Esarey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Esarey","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Berkeley, California 94720"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Berkeley, California 94720","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002430030","display_name":"Wim P. Leemans","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6573-8434","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6573-8434"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. P. Leemans","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Berkeley, California 94720"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Berkeley, California 94720","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016851030","display_name":"Ralph W. Assmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-7717","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-7717"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801935854","display_name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzmn429","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Assmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111474069","display_name":"F.-J. Decker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2910-5167","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2910-5167","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3196-2301"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801935854","display_name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzmn429","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. J. Decker","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066211816","display_name":"Mark Hogan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3674-5632","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3674-5632"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801935854","display_name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzmn429","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. J. Hogan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047143698","display_name":"R. Iverson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801935854","display_name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzmn429","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Iverson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103984041","display_name":"Pantaleo Raimondi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5235-1441","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5235-1441","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0256-8706"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801935854","display_name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzmn429","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Raimondi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024930147","display_name":"Robert H. Siemann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801935854","display_name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzmn429","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. H. Siemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113915281","display_name":"Dieter R. Walz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8126-5315","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8126-5315"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801935854","display_name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzmn429","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Walz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025801575","display_name":"Thomas C. Katsouleas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Katsouleas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","University of Southern California; Los Angeles California 90089"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California; Los Angeles California 90089","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112074744","display_name":"S. Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","University of Southern California; Los Angeles California 90089"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California; Los Angeles California 90089","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041644892","display_name":"Patric Muggli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9669-8519","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9669-8519"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Muggli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","University of Southern California; Los Angeles California 90089"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California; Los Angeles California 90089","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6218,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":92,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93085063,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"88","issue":"15","first_page":"154801","last_page":"154801"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10384","display_name":"Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics","score":0.6563000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10384","display_name":"Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics","score":0.6563000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11367","display_name":"Particle accelerators and beam dynamics","score":0.1873999983072281,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10559","display_name":"Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers","score":0.10050000250339508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wakefields","display_name":"wakefields","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-wakefield-acceleration","display_name":"plasma wakefield acceleration","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underdense-plasma","display_name":"underdense plasma","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blowout-regime","display_name":"blowout regime","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/betatron-oscillations","display_name":"betatron oscillations","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-size","display_name":"spot size","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-transition-radiation","display_name":"optical transition radiation","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cherenkov-radiation","display_name":"Cherenkov radiation","score":0.9810000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101819353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q306395","display_name":"Betatron","level":3,"score":0.9078962802886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72591435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192457","display_name":"Cherenkov radiation","level":3,"score":0.9000921845436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8840171098709106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65155139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380912","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","level":3,"score":0.693808913230896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.6175024509429932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.6109946370124817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.606631338596344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.6020458340644836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154954056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1604164","display_name":"Transverse plane","level":2,"score":0.5738029479980469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95312477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207340","display_name":"Cathode ray","level":3,"score":0.4987504482269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153385146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18335","display_name":"Radiation","level":2,"score":0.49064937233924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181500209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215328","display_name":"Excited state","level":2,"score":0.44890257716178894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143715953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332107","display_name":"Transition radiation","level":3,"score":0.4212009608745575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198861627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q945175","display_name":"Plasma acceleration","level":3,"score":0.41095829010009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.308113157749176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.29648277163505554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/physrevlett.88.154801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.88.154801","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.88.154801","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24807848","display_name":"Physical Review Letters","issn_l":"0031-9007","issn":["0031-9007","1079-7114","1092-0145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11955201","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11955201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical review letters","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt7w79w0t1","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7w79w0t1","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt7w79w0t1/qt7w79w0t1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Letters, vol 88, iss 15","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc740220","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc740220/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400792","display_name":"University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","host_organization_name":"University of North Texas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal Name: Physical Review Letters; Journal Volume: 88; Journal Issue: 15; Other Information: Journal Publication Date: April 15, 2002","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:797867","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/797867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:qt7w79w0t1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7w79w0t1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Clayton, C.E.; Blue, B.E.; Dodd, E.S.; Joshi, C.; Marsh, K.A.; Mori, W.B.; \u00c2\u00a0et al.(2002). Transverse envelope dynamics of a 28.5 GeV electron beam in a long plasma. Physical Review Letters, 88(15). Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7w79w0t1","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt7w79w0t1","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7w79w0t1","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt7w79w0t1/qt7w79w0t1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Letters, vol 88, iss 15","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1984495038.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1639306661","https://openalex.org/W1971502436","https://openalex.org/W1994793807","https://openalex.org/W2000813135","https://openalex.org/W2001763526","https://openalex.org/W2010937005","https://openalex.org/W2017668608","https://openalex.org/W2018974990","https://openalex.org/W2025951218","https://openalex.org/W2035777770","https://openalex.org/W2038410584","https://openalex.org/W2039560067","https://openalex.org/W2047242582","https://openalex.org/W2067365393","https://openalex.org/W2070469283","https://openalex.org/W2075356180","https://openalex.org/W2094196761","https://openalex.org/W2103953057","https://openalex.org/W2144049093","https://openalex.org/W2169080798","https://openalex.org/W4323915525"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000813135","https://openalex.org/W4249272159","https://openalex.org/W7098333986","https://openalex.org/W2067575800","https://openalex.org/W1992981239","https://openalex.org/W6995412794","https://openalex.org/W1986132648","https://openalex.org/W2134693191","https://openalex.org/W1834251955","https://openalex.org/W2062553976"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,26,53],"transverse":[1,27],"dynamics":[2],"of":[3,29,70,77,91],"a":[4,10,75,85],"28.5-GeV":[5],"electron":[6,37],"beam":[7,93],"propagating":[8],"in":[9,20],"1.4":[11],"m":[12],"long,":[13],"(0-2)x10(14)":[14],"cm(-3)":[15],"plasma":[16,49,79],"are":[17,56,95],"studied":[18],"experimentally":[19],"the":[21,30,35,40,48,68,71,78,92,100],"underdense":[22],"or":[23],"blowout":[24],"regime.":[25],"component":[28],"wake":[31],"field":[32],"excited":[33],"by":[34,84,97],"short":[36],"bunch":[38],"focuses":[39],"bunch,":[41],"which":[42],"experiences":[43],"multiple":[44],"betatron":[45],"oscillations":[46],"as":[47,74],"density":[50,80],"is":[51,81],"increased.":[52],"spot-size":[54],"variations":[55],"observed":[57,96],"using":[58],"optical":[59],"transition":[60],"radiation":[61],"and":[62],"Cherenkov":[63,101],"radiation.":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66],"regime,":[67],"behavior":[69],"spot":[72],"size":[73],"function":[76],"well":[82],"described":[83],"simple":[86],"beam-envelope":[87],"model.":[88],"Dynamic":[89],"changes":[90],"envelope":[94],"time":[98],"resolving":[99],"light.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
