{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1984299643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.924937","title":"Compact high-resolution spectrographs for large and extremely large telescopes: using the diffraction limit","display_name":"Compact high-resolution spectrographs for large and extremely large telescopes: using the diffraction limit","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1984299643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.924937","mag":"1984299643"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.924937","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.924937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.924937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1208.4667","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009536361","display_name":"J. G. Robertson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5528-7801","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5528-7801"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Gordon Robertson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sydney Institute for Astronomy, The Univ. of Sydney (Australia)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sydney Institute for Astronomy, The Univ. of Sydney (Australia)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020562473","display_name":"Joss Bland\u2010Hawthorn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7516-4016","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7516-4016"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joss Bland-Hawthorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sydney Institute for Astronomy, The Univ. of Sydney (Australia)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sydney Institute for Astronomy, The Univ. of Sydney (Australia)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4877,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75127334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12917","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysical Research","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12917","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysical Research","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11484","display_name":"Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11517","display_name":"Advanced optical system design","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-resolution-spectrograph","display_name":"high-resolution spectrograph","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-large-telescope","display_name":"Extremely Large Telescope","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffraction-limited-spectroscopy","display_name":"diffraction-limited spectroscopy","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonic-lantern","display_name":"photonic lantern","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimode-fiber","display_name":"multimode fiber","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-mode-fiber","display_name":"single-mode fiber","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-optics","display_name":"adaptive optics","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-slicer","display_name":"image slicer","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolving-power","display_name":"resolving power","score":0.4090000092983246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778861254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912034","display_name":"Spectrograph","level":3,"score":0.9184282422065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7916862964630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132771110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506922","display_name":"Adaptive optics","level":2,"score":0.753527045249939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.6517242193222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6154707074165344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.5788846015930176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.48960238695144653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.47690463066101074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35108309984207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4839761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212111","display_name":"Spectral line","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.924937","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.924937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.924937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1208.4667","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1208.4667","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1208.4667","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1208.4667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1208.4667","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1208.4667","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1208.4667","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1208.4667","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1208.4667","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985429938","https://openalex.org/W1989685303","https://openalex.org/W2016179233","https://openalex.org/W2029562068","https://openalex.org/W2080083127","https://openalex.org/W2094731872","https://openalex.org/W2131566993","https://openalex.org/W2167416134","https://openalex.org/W3124365413"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2087103761","https://openalex.org/W1991935855","https://openalex.org/W2483986845","https://openalex.org/W1965296586","https://openalex.org/W4245303880","https://openalex.org/W4293282768","https://openalex.org/W1977754610","https://openalex.org/W2037153083","https://openalex.org/W4320519149","https://openalex.org/W1989366209"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"telescopes":[1],"get":[2],"larger,":[3],"the":[4,21,62,69,88,127,132,149,184],"size":[5,22],"of":[6,31,71,100,114,140,186],"a":[7,11,93,98,111,155],"seeing-limited":[8],"spectrograph":[9,163],"for":[10,19,46,78,107,161],"given":[12],"resolving":[13,80,112],"power":[14,113],"becomes":[15],"larger":[16],"also,":[17],"and":[18,67,122,146],"ELTs":[20],"will":[23,34],"be":[24,35,192],"so":[25],"great":[26],"that":[27],"high":[28,79],"resolution":[29],"instruments":[30],"simple":[32,125],"design":[33],"infeasible.":[36],"Solutions":[37],"include":[38],"adaptive":[39,198],"optics":[40,199],"(but":[41],"not":[42],"providing":[43],"full":[44,195],"correction":[45],"short":[47],"wavelengths)":[48],"or":[49,196],"image":[50],"slicers":[51],"(which":[52],"give":[53],"feasible":[54],"but":[55],"still":[56],"large":[57],"instruments).":[58],"Here":[59],"we":[60],"develop":[61],"solution":[63],"proposed":[64],"by":[65,87,194],"Bland-Hawthorn":[66],"Horton:":[68],"use":[70,83,123],"diffraction-limited":[72,167],"spectrographs":[73,188],"which":[74,91,190],"are":[75,120,129],"compact":[76],"even":[77],"power.":[81],"Their":[82],"is":[84,171],"made":[85],"possible":[86,134,172],"photonic":[89],"lantern,":[90],"splits":[92],"multi-mode":[94],"optical":[95],"fiber":[96,135,153],"into":[97],"number":[99,139,185],"single-mode":[101,141],"fibers.":[102],"We":[103,180],"describe":[104],"preliminary":[105],"designs":[106],"such":[108,187],"spectrographs,":[109],"at":[110,154],"R":[115],"~":[116],"50,000.":[117],"While":[118],"they":[119],"small":[121],"relatively":[124],"optics,":[126],"challenges":[128],"to":[130,147,173],"accommodate":[131],"longest":[133],"slit":[136],"(hence":[137],"maximum":[138],"fibers":[142],"in":[143],"one":[144],"spectrograph)":[145],"accept":[148],"beam":[150],"from":[151],"each":[152],"focal":[156],"ratio":[157],"considerably":[158],"faster":[159],"than":[160],"most":[162],"collimators,":[164],"while":[165],"maintaining":[166],"imaging":[168],"quality.":[169],"It":[170],"obtain":[174],"excellent":[175],"performance":[176],"despite":[177],"these":[178],"challenges.":[179],"also":[181],"briefly":[182],"consider":[183],"required,":[189],"can":[191],"reduced":[193],"partial":[197],"correction,":[200],"and/or":[201],"moving":[202],"towards":[203],"longer":[204],"wavelengths.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
