{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983689618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000176304.14675.32","title":"Changes in Athlete Burnout and Motivation over a 12-Week League Tournament","display_name":"Changes in Athlete Burnout and Motivation over a 12-Week League Tournament","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983689618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000176304.14675.32","mag":"1983689618","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16286867"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000176304.14675.32","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000176304.14675.32","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000176304.14675.32","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14544163","display_name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","issn_l":"0195-9131","issn":["0195-9131","1530-0315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108219336","display_name":"SCOTT L. CRESSWELL","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103163165","display_name":"Florida State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","display_name":"The University of Western Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/047272k79","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}],"countries":["AU","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SCOTT L. CRESSWELL","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley. scott@sportpsychology.co.nz","Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL","School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, AUSTRALIA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley. scott@sportpsychology.co.nz","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, AUSTRALIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030626551","display_name":"Robert C. Eklund","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7186-7363","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7186-7363"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ROBERT C. EKLUND","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7991,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":158,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95585385,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"11","first_page":"1957","last_page":"1966"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11400","display_name":"Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports","score":0.7573000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11400","display_name":"Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports","score":0.7573000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.2240999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12704","display_name":"Stress and Burnout Research","score":0.010700000450015068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/athlete-burnout","display_name":"athlete burnout","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/athlete-motivation","display_name":"athlete motivation","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-determination-theory","display_name":"self-determination theory","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrinsic-motivation","display_name":"intrinsic motivation","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extrinsic-motivation","display_name":"extrinsic motivation","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amotivation","display_name":"amotivation","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rugby-players","display_name":"rugby players","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-athletes","display_name":"professional athletes","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-exhaustion","display_name":"emotional exhaustion","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-fatigue","display_name":"physical fatigue","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sport-devaluation","display_name":"sport devaluation","score":0.9449999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909579474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914153","display_name":"Amotivation","level":3,"score":0.9422924518585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143916079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2629248","display_name":"Burnout","level":2,"score":0.848337709903717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207456731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660818","display_name":"League","level":2,"score":0.7717682123184204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7323479652404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136975688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320634","display_name":"Tournament","level":2,"score":0.4996495246887207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.49542272090911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4607670307159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4407188892364502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.4043174982070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.33771079778671265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985564149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644302","display_name":"Intrinsic motivation","level":2,"score":0.33033132553100586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002055","descriptor_name":"Burnout, Professional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005221","descriptor_name":"Fatigue","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005538","descriptor_name":"Football","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011594","descriptor_name":"Psychometrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012649","descriptor_name":"Self Concept","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013315","descriptor_name":"Stress, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000176304.14675.32","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000176304.14675.32","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000176304.14675.32","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14544163","display_name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","issn_l":"0195-9131","issn":["0195-9131","1530-0315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16286867","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16286867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine and science in sports and exercise","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/914dc096-1cab-491e-a338-5cda643c1e6b","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/914dc096-1cab-491e-a338-5cda643c1e6b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402492","display_name":"UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","host_organization_name":"The University of Western Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cresswell, S & Eklund, R 2005, 'Changes in Athlete Burnout and Motivation over a 12-Week League Tournament', Medicine and Science in Sports & Exercise, vol. 37, no. 11, pp. 1957-1966. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000176304.14675.32","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5683000087738037,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48778679","https://openalex.org/W565083777","https://openalex.org/W645366497","https://openalex.org/W1484864026","https://openalex.org/W1698906858","https://openalex.org/W1994672023","https://openalex.org/W2083945213","https://openalex.org/W2086589934","https://openalex.org/W2114071679","https://openalex.org/W2117084729","https://openalex.org/W2118522055","https://openalex.org/W2132559787","https://openalex.org/W2132962508","https://openalex.org/W2157987667","https://openalex.org/W2158862141","https://openalex.org/W2160035358","https://openalex.org/W2162931737","https://openalex.org/W2170899200","https://openalex.org/W2171786736","https://openalex.org/W2494598405","https://openalex.org/W2916003883","https://openalex.org/W2969390581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2172296375","https://openalex.org/W2083945213","https://openalex.org/W2032984590","https://openalex.org/W2370234058","https://openalex.org/W2155064483","https://openalex.org/W2348672718","https://openalex.org/W2040197865","https://openalex.org/W1815247940","https://openalex.org/W2106145451","https://openalex.org/W3159617709"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"To":[1,41],"date,":[2],"empirical":[3],"reports":[4],"of":[5,24,58,104,118,128,132,190,195,198,223,228],"an":[6],"association":[7,124],"between":[8,27,45,100,148],"motivation":[9,28,48,133],"and":[10,29,47,56,70,106,150,162,172,188,203,218],"athlete":[11],"burnout":[12,30,46,105,179,212],"have":[13],"been":[14],"exclusively":[15],"based":[16],"on":[17,64,152],"cross-sectional":[18],"research.":[19],"Conclusions":[20],"regarding":[21],"the":[22,25,43,66,111,114,153,181,208,211,220],"nature":[23],"relationship":[26,44],"are":[31],"limited":[32],"because":[33],"they":[34],"do":[35],"not":[36],"provide":[37],"longitudinal":[38],"information.":[39],"PURPOSE:":[40],"examine":[42],"across":[49,108],"a":[50,86,121,224],"12-wk":[51,87],"league":[52,88,201],"tournament":[53],"(pretournament,":[54,185],"midtournament,":[55],"end":[57,189],"tournament).":[59],"METHOD:":[60],"Data":[61],"were":[62],"collected":[63],"using":[65],"Athlete":[67],"Burnout":[68],"Questionnaire":[69],"Sport":[71],"Motivation":[72],"Scale":[73],"from":[74],"102":[75],"adult":[76],"professional":[77],"male":[78],"rugby":[79],"players":[80],"at":[81],"three":[82],"different":[83],"times":[84],"during":[85],"tournament.":[89],"RESULTS:":[90],"Linear":[91],"mixed":[92],"modeling":[93],"was":[94,156],"used":[95],"to":[96,146,178],"explore":[97],"hypothesized":[98],"relationships":[99],"individual":[101],"key":[102,126],"characteristics":[103,127],"factors/covariates":[107],"time.":[109],"Within":[110],"models,":[112],"amotivation,":[113],"least":[115],"self-determined":[116],"type":[117],"motivation,":[119,144],"had":[120],"large":[122],"positive":[123],"with":[125,141,159,170],"burnout.":[129,142,229],"Self-determined":[130],"forms":[131],"(i.e.,":[134],"intrinsic":[135,149],"motivation)":[136],"exhibited":[137],"significant":[138],"negative":[139],"associations":[140],"Extrinsic":[143],"proposed":[145],"exist":[147],"amotivation":[151],"self-determination":[154,225],"continuum,":[155],"negatively":[157],"associated":[158,169],"sport":[160],"devaluation":[161],"reduced":[163],"accomplishment":[164],"as":[165,167],"well":[166],"positively":[168],"physical":[171],"emotional":[173],"exhaustion.":[174],"Other":[175],"factors":[176],"related":[177],"within":[180],"analysis":[182],"included":[183],"time":[184,217],"in":[186],"tournament,":[187],"tournament),":[191],"team":[192],"membership,":[193],"number":[194],"injuries,":[196],"years":[197],"national":[199],"domestic":[200],"experience,":[202],"win/loss":[204],"history.":[205],"CONCLUSIONS:":[206],"Overall,":[207],"results":[209],"reflect":[210],"experience":[213],"may":[214],"vary":[215],"over":[216],"support":[219],"potential":[221],"utility":[222],"theory":[226],"explanation":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
