{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983633771","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1024338.1024377","title":"Learning program organization through COBOL","display_name":"Learning program organization through COBOL","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983633771","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1024338.1024377","mag":"1983633771"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1024338.1024377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1024338.1024377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1024338.1024377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170956","display_name":"ACM SIGCSE Bulletin","issn_l":"0097-8418","issn":["0097-8418","2331-3927"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCSE Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"William H. Friedman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32038505","display_name":"University of Central Arkansas","ror":"https://ror.org/029bp0k25","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32038505"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William H. Friedman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32038505"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32038505"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"2","first_page":"77","last_page":"81"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cobol","display_name":"COBOL","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language-design","display_name":"programming language design","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-structure","display_name":"program structure","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-organization","display_name":"program organization","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-naming","display_name":"variable naming","score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-comprehension","display_name":"program comprehension","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-education","display_name":"programming education","score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structured-programming","display_name":"structured programming","score":0.5669999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128595289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131140","display_name":"COBOL","level":2,"score":0.982486367225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7787004113197327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.6554264426231384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.5100861191749573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43364308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8799","display_name":"Byte","level":2,"score":0.4988996982574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777561058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2652119","display_name":"Program comprehension","level":4,"score":0.41174042224884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3580479025840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.10716432332992554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09956711530685425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1024338.1024377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1024338.1024377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1024338.1024377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170956","display_name":"ACM SIGCSE Bulletin","issn_l":"0097-8418","issn":["0097-8418","2331-3927"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCSE Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064253109","https://openalex.org/W1500707309","https://openalex.org/W2997273739","https://openalex.org/W2053128998","https://openalex.org/W2955828367","https://openalex.org/W1964043626","https://openalex.org/W2148159029","https://openalex.org/W595400512","https://openalex.org/W1516929497","https://openalex.org/W579626534"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Arguably,":[0],"many":[1],"computer":[2],"languages":[3],"have":[4,68],"more":[5],"panache":[6],"and":[7,21,47,75,99,141],"less":[8],"verbosity":[9],"than":[10,85],"COBOL;":[11],"but":[12],"none":[13],"has":[14],"greater":[15,83],"potential":[16],"to":[17,81,101,126,134,155],"inculcate":[18],"the":[19,31,36,48,71,103,109,114,135,144],"habits":[20],"techniques":[22],"of":[23,33,38,78,116,130,146,150],"advance":[24],"planning":[25],"for":[26],"such":[27],"things":[28],"as":[29],"structure,":[30],"byte-length":[32],"variables":[34],"representing":[35],"results":[37],"computations,":[39],"table/array":[40],"size,":[41],"fields":[42],"that":[43,70,105],"will":[44],"be":[45],"needed,":[46],"like.":[49],"To":[50],"illuminate":[51],"a":[52,82,117,128],"program's":[53],"logic":[54],"one":[55],"can":[56],"add":[57],"some":[58],"judiciously":[59],"chosen,":[60],"even":[61],"un-required,":[62],"yet":[63],"available":[64],"reserved":[65],"words.":[66],"I":[67],"found":[69],"COBOL":[72,118],"language":[73],"aids":[74],"encourages":[76],"comprehension":[77],"logical":[79],"structure":[80,115],"degree":[84],"with":[86],"other":[87,156],"languages.":[88],"Moreover,":[89],"in":[90,108],"COBOL,":[91],"meaningful,":[92],"if":[93],"lengthy,":[94],"names":[95],"are":[96],"actually":[97],"desirable":[98],"serve":[100],"clarify":[102],"work":[104],"takes":[106],"place":[107],"various":[110],"procedures.":[111],"Finally,":[112],"because":[113],"program":[119],"is":[120,124,152],"so":[121],"determinate,":[122],"it":[123],"possible":[125],"teach":[127],"series":[129],"steps":[131],"leading":[132],"up":[133],"end":[136],"product,":[137],"which":[138],"both":[139],"foreshadow":[140],"greatly":[142],"organize":[143],"process":[145],"coding.":[147],"This":[148],"habit":[149],"organization":[151],"easily":[153],"transferable":[154],"contexts.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}