{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983580347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm.1999.006","title":"Development of Capillary Electrophoresis as An Alternative to High Resolution Agarose Electrophoresis for the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis","display_name":"Development of Capillary Electrophoresis as An Alternative to High Resolution Agarose Electrophoresis for the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983580347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm.1999.006","mag":"1983580347","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10094377"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/cclm.1999.006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm.1999.006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm.1999.006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124948411","display_name":"Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)","issn_l":"1434-6621","issn":["1434-6621","1437-4331"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"cclm","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080914489","display_name":"Elizabeth Sanders","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Sanders","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic/Foundation, Rochester, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic/Foundation, Rochester, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111767341","display_name":"Jerry A. Katzmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jerry A. Katzmann","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072543002","display_name":"Raynell J. Clark","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raynell Clark","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111610942","display_name":"Robert P. Oda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert P. Oda","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110145184","display_name":"Zak K. Shihabi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zak Shihabi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031563436","display_name":"James P. Landers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9310-1796","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9310-1796"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James P. Landers","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2712},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3304,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85326297,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"1","first_page":"37","last_page":"45"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10412","display_name":"Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications","score":0.8734999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10412","display_name":"Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications","score":0.8734999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.10620000213384628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10519","display_name":"Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"multiple sclerosis","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oligoclonal-bands","display_name":"oligoclonal bands","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebrospinal-fluid","display_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capillary-zone-electrophoresis","display_name":"capillary zone electrophoresis","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agarose-gel-electrophoresis","display_name":"agarose gel electrophoresis","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gamma-globulin","display_name":"gamma globulin","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyethylene-glycol","display_name":"polyethylene glycol","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nephelometry","display_name":"nephelometry","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-biomarkers","display_name":"diagnostic biomarkers","score":0.35600000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2900643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747468","display_name":"Capillary electrophoresis","level":2,"score":0.8408346772193909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.652224063873291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.641684889793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44995494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1327468","display_name":"Electropherogram","level":3,"score":0.6020944714546204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390697","display_name":"Agarose","level":2,"score":0.5731481313705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.5689682960510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40250595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185098","display_name":"Electrophoresis","level":2,"score":0.47082096338272095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778271344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903395","display_name":"Agarose gel electrophoresis","level":3,"score":0.4641123414039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164585084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12133588","display_name":"Nephelometry","level":3,"score":0.43247556686401367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.4003310203552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.2889845669269562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.21897408366203308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.14206886291503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.14081519842147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.11018532514572144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002021","descriptor_name":"Buffers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004587","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Agar Gel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006863","descriptor_name":"Hydrogen-Ion Concentration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000134","qualifier_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009391","descriptor_name":"Nephelometry and Turbidimetry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019075","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Capillary","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/cclm.1999.006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm.1999.006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm.1999.006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124948411","display_name":"Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)","issn_l":"1434-6621","issn":["1434-6621","1437-4331"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"cclm","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10094377","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10094377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306143","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309464","display_name":"Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W111419415","https://openalex.org/W1969827332","https://openalex.org/W1971427463","https://openalex.org/W1982457098","https://openalex.org/W1985529268","https://openalex.org/W1989042006","https://openalex.org/W1998364873","https://openalex.org/W1998832343","https://openalex.org/W2031670485","https://openalex.org/W2032434056","https://openalex.org/W2047340098","https://openalex.org/W2091968832","https://openalex.org/W2106240143","https://openalex.org/W2152249183","https://openalex.org/W2160502870","https://openalex.org/W2211730441","https://openalex.org/W2252398621","https://openalex.org/W2263539413","https://openalex.org/W2415918654","https://openalex.org/W2435280581","https://openalex.org/W2463874048","https://openalex.org/W4300658777"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507798035","https://openalex.org/W1920468353","https://openalex.org/W2464518825","https://openalex.org/W2025837525","https://openalex.org/W2076484948","https://openalex.org/W2418556260","https://openalex.org/W2415918654","https://openalex.org/W52070086","https://openalex.org/W4300658777","https://openalex.org/W2322088529"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"presence":[1],"of":[2,15,88,110,140,163],"oligoclonal":[3,75,142,220],"bands":[4,143],"in":[5,44,50,70,96,144,161,165],"cerebrospinal":[6],"fluid":[7,47],"(CSF)":[8],"is":[9],"used":[10],"as":[11,83,207],"a":[12,26,97,102,120,131,158,189],"diagnostic":[13],"indicator":[14],"multiple":[16],"sclerosis":[17],"(MS).":[18],"These":[19],"bands,":[20],"gamma-globulins":[21],"thought":[22],"to":[23,72,173,187,223],"result":[24],"from":[25,93,126,177,198,227],"restricted":[27],"antibody":[28],"response":[29],"directed":[30],"against":[31],"autoantigens":[32],"or":[33],"viral":[34],"antigens,":[35],"are":[36],"consistent":[37],"with":[38,60,123,152,180,195],"CSF-specific":[39],"immunoglobulin":[40],"synthesis":[41],"when":[42],"observed":[43],"the":[45,51,74,111,116,124,141,145,147,196],"spinal":[46],"and":[48,90,118,213],"not":[49,136],"serum.":[52],"Current":[53],"methodology":[54],"commonly":[55],"involves":[56],"electrophoresing":[57],"concentrated":[58],"CSF":[59,89,190,228],"high-resolution":[61],"agarose":[62],"gel":[63],"electrophoresis":[64,79,216],"(HRAGE)":[65],"followed":[66],"by":[67],"protein":[68],"staining":[69],"order":[71],"visualize":[73],"bands.":[76],"Capillary":[77],"zone":[78],"(CZE)":[80],"was":[81,150,185],"evaluated":[82],"an":[84],"alternative":[85],"method.":[86],"Separation":[87],"serum":[91],"proteins":[92,164],"54":[94],"patients":[95],"bare":[98],"silica":[99],"capillary":[100],"containing":[101],"high":[103],"pH":[104],"borate":[105,133],"buffer":[106,134,149],"allowed":[107],"for":[108],"resolution":[109,139,162,212],"five":[112],"major":[113],"zones":[114],"including":[115],"gamma-region":[117],"showed":[119],"90%":[121],"concordance":[122],"results":[125,197],"HRAGE":[127],"banding":[128,175,221],"studies.":[129],"Since":[130],"simple":[132],"did":[135],"provide":[137],"adequate":[138],"gamma-region,":[146],"separation":[148,182],"augmented":[151],"polyethylene":[153],"glycol":[154],"(PEG)":[155],"which":[156,192],"provided":[157],"significant":[159],"enhancement":[160],"this":[166],"region":[167],"(24":[168],"patient":[169],"study).":[170],"In":[171],"addition":[172],"obtaining":[174],"information":[176,222],"electropherograms":[178],"obtained":[179,225],"these":[181],"conditions,":[183],"it":[184],"feasible":[186],"calculate":[188],"Index":[191],"compared":[193],"favorably":[194],"nephelometry.":[199],"Finally,":[200],"we":[201],"show":[202],"that":[203,214],"zwitterionic":[204],"additives":[205],"such":[206],"O-phosphorylethanolamine":[208],"may":[209,218],"further":[210],"enhance":[211],"capallary":[215],"(CE)":[217],"allow":[219],"be":[224],"directly":[226],"without":[229],"concentration.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
