{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983248223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm199401133300210","title":"Lactation and the Risk of Breast Cancer","display_name":"Lactation and the Risk of Breast Cancer","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983248223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm199401133300210","mag":"1983248223","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8259169"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejm199401133300210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm199401133300210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm199401133300210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055958252","display_name":"Jennifer L. Kelsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9678-5284","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9678-5284"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer L. Kelsey","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050097355","display_name":"Esther M. John","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3259-8003","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3259-8003"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esther M. John","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"330","issue":"2","first_page":"136","last_page":"137"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12103","display_name":"Cancer Risks and Factors","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12103","display_name":"Cancer Risks and Factors","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10979","display_name":"Breastfeeding Practices and Influences","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10556","display_name":"Global Cancer Incidence and Screening","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactation","display_name":"lactation","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer-risk","display_name":"breast cancer risk","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-factors","display_name":"reproductive factors","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nulliparity","display_name":"nulliparity","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-at-menarche","display_name":"age at menarche","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-at-menopause","display_name":"age at menopause","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parity","display_name":"parity","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oophorectomy","display_name":"oophorectomy","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer-incidence","display_name":"breast cancer incidence","score":0.5569999814033508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9064594507217407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4258228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492514","display_name":"Menarche","level":2,"score":0.7798730731010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.7194148302078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776659692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719426","display_name":"Lactation","level":3,"score":0.6582205295562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418","display_name":"Obstetrics","level":1,"score":0.6276106834411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177708","display_name":"Menopause","level":2,"score":0.611021876335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5847278833389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29456083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899","display_name":"Gynecology","level":1,"score":0.5455101132392883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.5433921813964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.4953226149082184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776601875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1833750","display_name":"Risk factors for breast cancer","level":4,"score":0.4794146716594696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.18260937929153442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007774","descriptor_name":"Lactation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017697","descriptor_name":"Premenopause","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejm199401133300210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm199401133300210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm199401133300210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8259169","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8259169","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The New England journal of medicine","raw_type":"Comment"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9922999739646912,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1794594157","https://openalex.org/W1850198354","https://openalex.org/W1886267606","https://openalex.org/W1909250455","https://openalex.org/W2064690774","https://openalex.org/W2071772324","https://openalex.org/W2154135601","https://openalex.org/W2161586075","https://openalex.org/W2261427161","https://openalex.org/W2341823192"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2461487874","https://openalex.org/W2033174195","https://openalex.org/W124197654","https://openalex.org/W1987605120","https://openalex.org/W2292218357","https://openalex.org/W1971215691","https://openalex.org/W2144601043","https://openalex.org/W2030143561","https://openalex.org/W1973416725","https://openalex.org/W3080908366"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Two":[0],"decades":[1],"ago":[2],"the":[3,10,36,70,76,90,96],"relation":[4],"of":[5,12,65,72,92],"certain":[6],"reproductive":[7],"characteristics":[8],"to":[9,16,54,82],"risk":[11,58],"breast":[13,93],"cancer":[14,94],"appeared":[15],"be":[17,55],"well":[18],"established.":[19],"Nulliparity,":[20],"an":[21,26,32,43,49],"early":[22,50],"age":[23,28,34,51,68],"at":[24,29,35,48,69],"menarche,":[25],"older":[27,33],"menopause,":[30],"and":[31,78],"first":[37],"full-term":[38,66,73],"pregnancy":[39],"were":[40,80],"associated":[41],"with":[42],"increased":[44],"risk,":[45],"whereas":[46],"oophorectomy":[47],"was":[52],"known":[53],"protective1.":[56],"These":[57],"factors":[59],"are":[60],"still":[61],"recognized2.":[62],"The":[63],"number":[64],"pregnancies,":[67],"time":[71],"pregnancies":[74],"after":[75],"first,":[77],"lactation":[79],"considered":[81],"have":[83],"little":[84],"or":[85],"no":[86],"independent":[87],"effect":[88],"on":[89],"incidence":[91],"once":[95],"associations":[97],".":[98,99,100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
