{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982995377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","title":"Scale development to measure attitudes toward unauthorized migration into a foreign country","display_name":"Scale development to measure attitudes toward unauthorized migration into a foreign country","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982995377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","mag":"1982995377","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18466192"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34816297","display_name":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology","issn_l":"0036-5564","issn":["0036-5564","1467-9450"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W1982995377"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078707272","display_name":"C.G. van der Veer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KEES VAN DER VEER","raw_affiliation_strings":["VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037601336","display_name":"Reidar Ommundsen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"REIDAR OMMUNDSEN","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068441104","display_name":"Krum D. Krumov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-839X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-839X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58918642","display_name":"Sofia University \"St. Kliment Ohridski\"","ror":"https://ror.org/02jv3k292","country_code":"BG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58918642"]}],"countries":["BG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KRUM KRUMOV","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sofia, Bulgaria","Univ. of Sofia, Bulgaria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sofia, Bulgaria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58918642"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Sofia, Bulgaria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58918642"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039649826","display_name":"Hao Van Le","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"HAO VAN LE","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Psychology, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Psychology, Vietnam","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021142581","display_name":"Knud S. Larsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5418-1180","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5418-1180"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KNUD S. LARSEN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037601336"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"apc_list":{"value":4160,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4160},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8695,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.815658,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"4","first_page":"357","last_page":"363"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":0.5317000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":0.5317000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.36039999127388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.05700000002980232,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-development","display_name":"scale development","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/migrant-sending-countries","display_name":"migrant-sending countries","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concept-of-migration","display_name":"concept of migration","score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procrustes-analysis","display_name":"Procrustes analysis","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor-structure","display_name":"factor structure","score":0.5070000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103621254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9199","display_name":"Vietnamese","level":2,"score":0.8339360952377319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7227739691734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165957694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421350","display_name":"Exploratory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.6206137537956238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5752103328704834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5603534579277039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105776082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q617473","display_name":"Likert scale","level":2,"score":0.5178647041320801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780343019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918","display_name":"Bulgarian","level":2,"score":0.49974536895751953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.4660324454307556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.27269232273101807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.2668055295944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17414242029190063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001290","descriptor_name":"Attitude","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004641","descriptor_name":"Emigration and Immigration","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012938","descriptor_name":"Social Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054242","descriptor_name":"Emigrants and Immigrants","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34816297","display_name":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology","issn_l":"0036-5564","issn":["0036-5564","1467-9450"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18466192","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18466192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scandinavian journal of psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:openaire_cris_publications/6e650d55-50a9-4670-88ef-eefdf3c1e393","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/6e650d55-50a9-4670-88ef-eefdf3c1e393","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401107","display_name":"VU Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"van der Veer, C G, Ommundsen, R, Krumov, K, Van Le, H & Larsen, K S 2008, 'Measuring attitudes towards unauthorized migration', Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, vol. 49, pp. 357-363. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:vu:oai:research.vu.nl:publications/6e650d55-50a9-4670-88ef-eefdf3c1e393","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/6e650d55-50a9-4670-88ef-eefdf3c1e393","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49, 357 - 363. Wiley-Blackwell","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00641.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34816297","display_name":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology","issn_l":"0036-5564","issn":["0036-5564","1467-9450"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1982995377.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1982995377.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W252873193","https://openalex.org/W639039963","https://openalex.org/W1484864026","https://openalex.org/W1564392956","https://openalex.org/W1570244383","https://openalex.org/W1598821627","https://openalex.org/W1646986796","https://openalex.org/W1680842844","https://openalex.org/W1969060127","https://openalex.org/W1981747934","https://openalex.org/W1982890111","https://openalex.org/W1993760488","https://openalex.org/W2009562397","https://openalex.org/W2022098094","https://openalex.org/W2023350458","https://openalex.org/W2025823035","https://openalex.org/W2026003563","https://openalex.org/W2026357721","https://openalex.org/W2034784122","https://openalex.org/W2038368434","https://openalex.org/W2041963641","https://openalex.org/W2043867338","https://openalex.org/W2044344082","https://openalex.org/W2053656113","https://openalex.org/W2055199602","https://openalex.org/W2057356122","https://openalex.org/W2059854833","https://openalex.org/W2060596760","https://openalex.org/W2070588594","https://openalex.org/W2085067988","https://openalex.org/W2129105859","https://openalex.org/W2146053505","https://openalex.org/W2148900621","https://openalex.org/W2163541062","https://openalex.org/W2166101340","https://openalex.org/W2167042106","https://openalex.org/W2486038727","https://openalex.org/W2613643807","https://openalex.org/W2904588591","https://openalex.org/W3023778222","https://openalex.org/W3121774280","https://openalex.org/W3124706919","https://openalex.org/W3124906667","https://openalex.org/W3190786614","https://openalex.org/W4247849097","https://openalex.org/W4302785603"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022098094","https://openalex.org/W2009562397","https://openalex.org/W2038368434","https://openalex.org/W1980492695","https://openalex.org/W1820095908","https://openalex.org/W595067103","https://openalex.org/W7135727798","https://openalex.org/W7214645212","https://openalex.org/W4221116637"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,160,228],"study":[1,229],"reports":[2],"on":[3],"the":[4,30,90,93,186,192,204,215,233],"development":[5],"and":[6,66,80,145,152,157,188,201,221,223],"cross-national":[7],"utility":[8],"of":[9,35,44,78,101,155,173,175,185,191,203],"a":[10,20,33,42,67,99,138,150,242],"Likert":[11],"type":[12],"scale":[13,95,140,194],"measuring":[14],"attitudes":[15,176],"toward":[16],"unauthorized":[17,178],"migration":[18],"into":[19],"foreign":[21],"country":[22],"in":[23,48,63,98,107,125,164,214,246],"two":[24,216],"samples":[25,217],"from":[26,85,104,121],"\"migrant-sending\"":[27],"nations.":[28],"In":[29,89],"first":[31],"phase":[32,92],"pool":[34],"86":[36],"attitude":[37],"statements":[38],"were":[39],"administered":[40,97],"to":[41,69,87,232],"sample":[43,154],"505":[45],"undergraduate":[46],"students":[47],"Bulgaria":[49,108],"(22.5%":[50],"male;":[51],"M":[52,111,129],"age":[53,112,130],"=":[54,57,113,116,131,134],"23,":[55,114],"SD":[56,115,133],"4.8).":[58],"Exploratory":[59],"factor":[60,219,226],"analysis":[61,184,209],"resulted":[62],"six":[64],"factors,":[65],"reduction":[68],"34":[70],"items.":[71],"The":[72],"results":[73],"yielded":[74,137,195],"an":[75],"overall":[76],"alpha":[77,81,147],"(0.92)":[79],"for":[82,149,199,218,225],"subscales":[83],"ranging":[84],"0.70":[86],"0.89.":[88],"second":[91],"34-item":[94],"was":[96],"survey":[100],"180":[102],"undergraduates":[103,120],"Sofia":[105],"University":[106,124],"(16.7%":[109],"male,":[110,128],"4.8),":[117],"plus":[118],"150":[119],"Hanoi":[122],"State":[123],"Vietnam":[126],"(14.7%":[127],"19,":[132],"1.8).":[135],"Results":[136],"19-item":[139,193],"with":[141],"no":[142],"gender":[143],"differences,":[144],"satisfactory":[146],"coefficients":[148],"Vietnamese":[151,189],"Bulgarian":[153,187],"0.87":[156],"0.89":[158],"respectively.":[159,206],"scale,":[161],"equally":[162],"applicable":[163],"both":[165],"samples,":[166],"includes":[167],"items":[168],"that":[169,235],"reflect":[170],"salient":[171],"topics":[172],"concept":[174],"towards":[177],"migration.":[179],"An":[180],"exploratory":[181],"principal":[182],"component":[183],"version":[190],"three":[196],"factors":[197],"accounting":[198],"54%":[200],"47%":[202],"variance":[205],"A":[207],"procrustes":[208],"indicates":[210],"high":[211],"conceptual":[212],"equivalence":[213],"1":[220],"2,":[222],"moderate":[224],"3.":[227],"lends":[230],"support":[231],"idea":[234],"despite":[236],"different":[237],"cultural":[238],"meanings":[239],"there":[240],"is":[241],"common":[243],"meaning":[244],"space":[245],"culturally":[247],"diverse":[248],"societies.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}