{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982979690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v5i1.1","title":"Reaction of Pearl Millet Infected with Downy Mildew (Sclerospora Graminicola (Sacc.) Schroet) Intercropped Cowpea with on Days to 50% Heading and Grain Yield in the Savanna Zone of Northern Nigeria","display_name":"Reaction of Pearl Millet Infected with Downy Mildew (Sclerospora Graminicola (Sacc.) Schroet) Intercropped Cowpea with on Days to 50% Heading and Grain Yield in the Savanna Zone of Northern Nigeria","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982979690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v5i1.1","mag":"1982979690"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4314/bajopas.v5i1.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v5i1.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v5i1.1","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/bajopas/article/download/80928/71154","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765077765","display_name":"Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2006-6996","issn":["2006-6996"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/bajopas/article/download/80928/71154","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010046964","display_name":"Alfred Gideon Gaya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169864488","display_name":"Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University","ror":"https://ror.org/019vfke14","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152770","display_name":"Kano State University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042rjfn67","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152770"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"AG Gaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Crop Production Programme , School of Agriculture , Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi , Nigeria","Department of Crop Science , Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology , Kano University of Science and Technology , Wudil , Kano State , Nigeria","Crop Production Programme, School of Agriculture, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria","Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Kano State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Crop Production Programme , School of Agriculture , Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi , Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Crop Science , Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology , Kano University of Science and Technology , Wudil , Kano State , Nigeria","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Crop Production Programme, School of Agriculture, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Kano State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152770"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074986177","display_name":"S A Adebitan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SA Adebitan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000686518","display_name":"A. U. Gurama","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"AU Gurama","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010046964"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169864488","https://openalex.org/I4210152770"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22514466,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12436","display_name":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12436","display_name":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10733","display_name":"Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13628","display_name":"Agricultural Productivity and Crop Improvement","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pearl-millet","display_name":"pearl millet","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cowpea","display_name":"cowpea","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intercropping","display_name":"intercropping","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/downy-mildew","display_name":"downy mildew","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sclerospora-graminicola","display_name":"Sclerospora graminicola","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-yield","display_name":"grain yield","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/savanna-zone","display_name":"savanna zone","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northern-nigeria","display_name":"Northern Nigeria","score":0.546999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780087670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394849","display_name":"Downy mildew","level":2,"score":0.8566160798072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776250625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1762112","display_name":"Pennisetum","level":2,"score":0.7795541286468506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43436","display_name":"Pearl","level":2,"score":0.7782021760940552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.7387378811836243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781208722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853859","display_name":"Intercropping","level":2,"score":0.6786701679229736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6195976138114929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5319358110427856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992211155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Grain yield","level":2,"score":0.4641590714454651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75639521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283519","display_name":"Field experiment","level":2,"score":0.4184046983718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32325783371925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08109384775161743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4314/bajopas.v5i1.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v5i1.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v5i1.1","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/bajopas/article/download/80928/71154","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765077765","display_name":"Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2006-6996","issn":["2006-6996"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4314/bajopas.v5i1.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v5i1.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v5i1.1","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/bajopas/article/download/80928/71154","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765077765","display_name":"Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2006-6996","issn":["2006-6996"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.5899999737739563}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1982979690.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1982979690.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W77564915","https://openalex.org/W1541646492","https://openalex.org/W1936347923","https://openalex.org/W1974720297","https://openalex.org/W2008928794","https://openalex.org/W2066841502","https://openalex.org/W4233194114"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2910983020","https://openalex.org/W3091717907","https://openalex.org/W4385440234","https://openalex.org/W2266941339","https://openalex.org/W1587551245","https://openalex.org/W2618685986","https://openalex.org/W3029091708","https://openalex.org/W1807307610","https://openalex.org/W127490787","https://openalex.org/W3022742415"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Field":[0],"trials":[1],"were":[2,102],"carried":[3],"out":[4,33,117],"at":[5,122],"the":[6,34,107,118,157],"Teaching":[7],"and":[8,16,27,51,76,78,86,99,113,124,193,253],"Research":[9],"farm":[10],"of":[11,14,36,65,109,111,127,236],"Kano":[12],"University":[13],"Science":[15],"Technology":[17],"Wudil":[18],"with":[19,39,43,68,83,231,257],"three":[20,69],"pearl":[21,40,70,134,165,197,215,226],"millet":[22,41,71,135,166,198,216,227],"varieties":[23,72,147,178],"in":[24,62,153],"2003,":[25],"2004":[26],"2005":[28],"rainy":[29],"seasons":[30],"to":[31,48,96,104,115,142,173,221,238,249],"find":[32],"reaction":[35],"cowpea":[37,85,232],"intercropped":[38,82,114,132,152,163,194,204,230],"infected":[42],"downy":[44],"mildew":[45],"on":[46,94],"days":[47,95,141,172,237],"50%":[49,97,143,174,239],"heading":[50,98,144,175],"grain":[52,100,185,211,244],"yield.":[53],"The":[54],"experiment":[55],"was":[56,81,187],"a":[57,84],"3":[58],"x":[59],"2":[60],"factorial":[61],"randomized":[63],"blocks":[64],"six":[66,90],"plots":[67],"(LCIC":[73],"9702,":[74],"Ex-Borno":[75],"Zango)":[77],"each":[79],"variety":[80,136,167,228],"planted":[87,149,181],"sole":[88,112,150,191,223,251],"making":[89],"treatments.":[91],"Data":[92],"collected":[93],"yield":[101,186,212],"subjected":[103],"T-test":[105],"for":[106,233,242],"separation":[108],"means":[110],"bring":[116],"differences":[119],"between":[120],"them":[121],"1%":[123],"5%":[125],"levels":[126],"significance.":[128],"Results":[129],"showed":[130,161],"that":[131,162],"LCIC":[133,164,195,205,224,255],"had":[137,168,207],"significantly":[138,169,208],"(P\u22640.05)":[139,170,209],"more":[140,171],"than":[145,176,213,229],"other":[146,177,214],"either":[148,179],"or":[151,182],"2004.":[154],"Similarly,":[155],"from":[156,190],"combined":[158],"result,":[159],"it":[160,246],"solely":[180],"intercropped.":[183],"Maximum":[184],"however":[188],"obtained":[189],"Zango":[192,252],"9702":[196,206,225,256],"varieties.":[199,217],"Combined":[200],"result":[201],"shows":[202],"only":[203],"maximum":[210,243],"It":[218],"is":[219,247],"imperative":[220],"grow":[222,250],"less":[234],"number":[235],"heading.":[240],"But":[241],"yield,":[245],"advisable":[248],"intercrop":[254],"cowpea.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}