{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982969843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-013-9660-7","title":"Properties of Ion Beams Generated by Nitrogen Plasma Focus","display_name":"Properties of Ion Beams Generated by Nitrogen Plasma Focus","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982969843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-013-9660-7","mag":"1982969843"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10894-013-9660-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-013-9660-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-013-9660-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125685628","display_name":"Journal of Fusion Energy","issn_l":"0164-0313","issn":["0164-0313","1572-9591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Fusion Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039918043","display_name":"Mohamad Akel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0590-7758","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0590-7758","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5715-7549"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145107","display_name":"Atomic Energy Commission of Syria","ror":"https://ror.org/03nk2rw89","country_code":"SY","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145107"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Akel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria","Department of Physics, Atomic Energy Commission, Damascus, Syria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145107"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Atomic Energy Commission, Damascus, Syria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035336482","display_name":"Sami Alsheikh Salo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0272-0784","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0272-0784"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145107","display_name":"Atomic Energy Commission of Syria","ror":"https://ror.org/03nk2rw89","country_code":"SY","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145107"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Alsheikh Salo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria","Department of Physics, Atomic Energy Commission, Damascus, Syria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145107"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Atomic Energy Commission, Damascus, Syria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020953911","display_name":"Sor Heoh Saw","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1903-0819","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1903-0819"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12649496","display_name":"INTI International University","ror":"https://ror.org/03fj82m46","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12649496"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. H. Saw","raw_affiliation_strings":["INTI International University, 71800, Nilai, Malaysia","Institute for Plasma Focus Studies, 32 Oakpark Drive, Chadstone, VIC, 3148, Australia","INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INTI International University, 71800, Nilai, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12649496"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Plasma Focus Studies, 32 Oakpark Drive, Chadstone, VIC, 3148, Australia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12649496"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077330185","display_name":"Sing LEE","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-0879","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-0879"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12649496","display_name":"INTI International University","ror":"https://ror.org/03fj82m46","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12649496"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["INTI International University, 71800, Nilai, Malaysia","Institute for Plasma Focus Studies, 32 Oakpark Drive, Chadstone, VIC, 3148, Australia","Physics Department, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INTI International University, 71800, Nilai, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12649496"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Plasma Focus Studies, 32 Oakpark Drive, Chadstone, VIC, 3148, Australia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Department, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12649496"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039918043"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145107"],"apc_list":{"value":3990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6032,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89721945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"2","first_page":"189","last_page":"197"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11920","display_name":"Pulsed Power Technology Applications","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11920","display_name":"Pulsed Power Technology Applications","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11367","display_name":"Particle accelerators and beam dynamics","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12077","display_name":"Vacuum and Plasma Arcs","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-focus","display_name":"plasma focus","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-plasma","display_name":"nitrogen plasma","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ion-beams","display_name":"ion beams","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ion-beam-energy","display_name":"ion beam energy","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/damage-factor","display_name":"damage factor","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-pressure-dependence","display_name":"gas pressure dependence","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-processing","display_name":"materials processing","score":0.6769999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69786480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2406276","display_name":"Dense plasma focus","level":3,"score":0.764351487159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50774322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644248","display_name":"Ion beam","level":3,"score":0.6574445366859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6475163698196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.6379616856575012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.6220149993896484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.6159003973007202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107920040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6063425","display_name":"Ion gun","level":4,"score":0.5554119348526001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93106096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17125820","display_name":"Ion beam deposition","level":4,"score":0.533968985080719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.5247490406036377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778220808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62536","display_name":"Ion current","level":3,"score":0.46499717235565186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22078206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418023","display_name":"Fluence","level":3,"score":0.41753262281417847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1889406442642212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.17174991965293884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.16316816210746765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10894-013-9660-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-013-9660-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-013-9660-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125685628","display_name":"Journal of Fusion Energy","issn_l":"0164-0313","issn":["0164-0313","1572-9591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Fusion Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.703.3890","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.703.3890","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.plasmafocus.net/IPFS/2014%20papers/2%20Akel%20N%20ion%20beams.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13875255","https://openalex.org/W1463310990","https://openalex.org/W1500063558","https://openalex.org/W1967681069","https://openalex.org/W1973706972","https://openalex.org/W1982938150","https://openalex.org/W1984547480","https://openalex.org/W1987347960","https://openalex.org/W1991449878","https://openalex.org/W1995561068","https://openalex.org/W1998315896","https://openalex.org/W1998431220","https://openalex.org/W2000898699","https://openalex.org/W2004769411","https://openalex.org/W2009529273","https://openalex.org/W2010967282","https://openalex.org/W2017216390","https://openalex.org/W2017374974","https://openalex.org/W2024249134","https://openalex.org/W2025748720","https://openalex.org/W2026081249","https://openalex.org/W2034382736","https://openalex.org/W2036672623","https://openalex.org/W2036882648","https://openalex.org/W2040686392","https://openalex.org/W2040925032","https://openalex.org/W2043889428","https://openalex.org/W2044430494","https://openalex.org/W2045328042","https://openalex.org/W2052737337","https://openalex.org/W2053895540","https://openalex.org/W2053897393","https://openalex.org/W2054293756","https://openalex.org/W2055289916","https://openalex.org/W2063349911","https://openalex.org/W2063719352","https://openalex.org/W2067880387","https://openalex.org/W2071531279","https://openalex.org/W2073560585","https://openalex.org/W2076861631","https://openalex.org/W2078966222","https://openalex.org/W2079977630","https://openalex.org/W2086391283","https://openalex.org/W2087475274","https://openalex.org/W2089870769","https://openalex.org/W2090376204","https://openalex.org/W2091010887","https://openalex.org/W2092546964","https://openalex.org/W2092769382","https://openalex.org/W2094366891","https://openalex.org/W2094821594","https://openalex.org/W2095448364","https://openalex.org/W2096478789","https://openalex.org/W2107710499","https://openalex.org/W2118230698","https://openalex.org/W2118408839","https://openalex.org/W2120080066","https://openalex.org/W2121562026","https://openalex.org/W2122926796","https://openalex.org/W2124945106","https://openalex.org/W2128440457","https://openalex.org/W2137990705","https://openalex.org/W2141662653","https://openalex.org/W2143025925","https://openalex.org/W2147102097","https://openalex.org/W2156624011","https://openalex.org/W2158458224","https://openalex.org/W2159618492","https://openalex.org/W2163163478","https://openalex.org/W2168737641"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097880773","https://openalex.org/W2039280659","https://openalex.org/W4392916171","https://openalex.org/W2889064045","https://openalex.org/W4296941722","https://openalex.org/W2949108547","https://openalex.org/W4364857288","https://openalex.org/W2053895540","https://openalex.org/W3000139532","https://openalex.org/W13875255"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}