{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982939816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0703-874","title":"HIV vaccines 1983\u20132003","display_name":"HIV vaccines 1983\u20132003","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982939816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0703-874","mag":"1982939816","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12835708"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/nm0703-874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0703-874","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0703-874","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203256638","display_name":"Nature Medicine","issn_l":"1078-8956","issn":["1078-8956","1546-170X","1744-7933"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W1982939816"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068458400","display_name":"Andrew James McMichael","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-7478","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-7478"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802742124","display_name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0080acb59","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802742124","https://openalex.org/I4210127145","https://openalex.org/I4210147381"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110594","display_name":"MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01q496a73","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4210110594","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124851","display_name":"MRC Human Immunology Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcpr174","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4210110594","https://openalex.org/I4210124851","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrew J McMichael","raw_affiliation_strings":["MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9D5, UK. andrew.mcmichael@imm.ox.ac.uk","MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9D5, UK. andrew.mcmichael@imm.ox.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802742124","https://openalex.org/I4210110594","https://openalex.org/I4210124851"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802742124","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210124851"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014239001","display_name":"Tom\u00e1\u0161 Hanke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9546","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9546"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802742124","display_name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0080acb59","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802742124","https://openalex.org/I4210127145","https://openalex.org/I4210147381"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110594","display_name":"MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01q496a73","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4210110594","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124851","display_name":"MRC Human Immunology Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcpr174","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4210110594","https://openalex.org/I4210124851","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomas Hanke","raw_affiliation_strings":["MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9D5, UK","MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9D5, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802742124","https://openalex.org/I4210110594","https://openalex.org/I4210124851"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802742124","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210124851"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068458400"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802742124","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210110594","https://openalex.org/I4210124851"],"apc_list":{"value":12690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":12690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4554,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":244,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99484536,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"7","first_page":"874","last_page":"880"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-vaccine","display_name":"HIV vaccine","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1","display_name":"HIV-1","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutralizing-antibodies","display_name":"neutralizing antibodies","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-response","display_name":"T cell response","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-development","display_name":"vaccine development","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-failure","display_name":"vaccine failure","score":0.36899998784065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.6937975883483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909828532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1479804","display_name":"AIDS Vaccines","level":4,"score":0.6879726052284241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780195530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1479804","display_name":"HIV vaccine","level":4,"score":0.6689518690109253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.6440845727920532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5710986256599426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778190748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7907956","display_name":"Vaccine trial","level":3,"score":0.5484455823898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.46399232745170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018913218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody response","level":3,"score":0.4401400089263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.42819395661354065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.4184771180152893}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000906","descriptor_name":"Antibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006678","descriptor_name":"HIV","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006678","descriptor_name":"HIV","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013601","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013601","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014614","descriptor_name":"Vaccines, Synthetic","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015195","descriptor_name":"Drug Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016915","descriptor_name":"AIDS Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016915","descriptor_name":"AIDS Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018414","descriptor_name":"CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018414","descriptor_name":"CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/nm0703-874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0703-874","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0703-874","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203256638","display_name":"Nature Medicine","issn_l":"1078-8956","issn":["1078-8956","1546-170X","1744-7933"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12835708","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12835708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306138","display_name":"International AIDS Vaccine Initiative","ror":"https://ror.org/05ayv2203"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":112,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528520360","https://openalex.org/W1534881087","https://openalex.org/W1549087352","https://openalex.org/W1564673741","https://openalex.org/W1574561647","https://openalex.org/W1600851666","https://openalex.org/W1606271020","https://openalex.org/W1628484047","https://openalex.org/W1655510925","https://openalex.org/W1678832330","https://openalex.org/W1775940529","https://openalex.org/W1794879226","https://openalex.org/W1808985647","https://openalex.org/W1815763197","https://openalex.org/W1826616136","https://openalex.org/W1965569618","https://openalex.org/W1976487209","https://openalex.org/W1984811742","https://openalex.org/W1986152436","https://openalex.org/W1986376227","https://openalex.org/W1989087827","https://openalex.org/W1989815242","https://openalex.org/W1991859218","https://openalex.org/W1996183144","https://openalex.org/W1996464851","https://openalex.org/W1997677784","https://openalex.org/W2001079898","https://openalex.org/W2004911844","https://openalex.org/W2005346314","https://openalex.org/W2006405806","https://openalex.org/W2008667095","https://openalex.org/W2008799315","https://openalex.org/W2013413617","https://openalex.org/W2025481552","https://openalex.org/W2026245568","https://openalex.org/W2029501967","https://openalex.org/W2033365298","https://openalex.org/W2033611972","https://openalex.org/W2034160159","https://openalex.org/W2037020845","https://openalex.org/W2037343680","https://openalex.org/W2038485169","https://openalex.org/W2039751597","https://openalex.org/W2042476299","https://openalex.org/W2046310187","https://openalex.org/W2049836668","https://openalex.org/W2051108441","https://openalex.org/W2057481548","https://openalex.org/W2058001723","https://openalex.org/W2058689760","https://openalex.org/W2062096354","https://openalex.org/W2065274386","https://openalex.org/W2068580511","https://openalex.org/W2068879526","https://openalex.org/W2070426326","https://openalex.org/W2072589605","https://openalex.org/W2076534074","https://openalex.org/W2077348914","https://openalex.org/W2079504777","https://openalex.org/W2080757497","https://openalex.org/W2081291921","https://openalex.org/W2081825634","https://openalex.org/W2082737563","https://openalex.org/W2084437187","https://openalex.org/W2085919513","https://openalex.org/W2087337413","https://openalex.org/W2090359320","https://openalex.org/W2095135796","https://openalex.org/W2096695107","https://openalex.org/W2098687234","https://openalex.org/W2099873434","https://openalex.org/W2101581475","https://openalex.org/W2103182811","https://openalex.org/W2103663071","https://openalex.org/W2105732690","https://openalex.org/W2106905613","https://openalex.org/W2108028766","https://openalex.org/W2108961890","https://openalex.org/W2109584595","https://openalex.org/W2113282092","https://openalex.org/W2117785982","https://openalex.org/W2120653364","https://openalex.org/W2122260278","https://openalex.org/W2122985048","https://openalex.org/W2124051961","https://openalex.org/W2124969212","https://openalex.org/W2126363927","https://openalex.org/W2127508135","https://openalex.org/W2135883251","https://openalex.org/W2138634802","https://openalex.org/W2138773604","https://openalex.org/W2141444589","https://openalex.org/W2143954317","https://openalex.org/W2144882745","https://openalex.org/W2145031719","https://openalex.org/W2145044493","https://openalex.org/W2146706646","https://openalex.org/W2149762607","https://openalex.org/W2149791183","https://openalex.org/W2150492554","https://openalex.org/W2151651155","https://openalex.org/W2153028137","https://openalex.org/W2153163225","https://openalex.org/W2157981287","https://openalex.org/W2165037788","https://openalex.org/W2171499092","https://openalex.org/W2183601798","https://openalex.org/W2321460134","https://openalex.org/W2345852499","https://openalex.org/W2408175889","https://openalex.org/W2412312611","https://openalex.org/W2414602525"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2052061087","https://openalex.org/W2125346266","https://openalex.org/W2111008145","https://openalex.org/W2126979164","https://openalex.org/W2555243202","https://openalex.org/W1999529903","https://openalex.org/W4402491199","https://openalex.org/W2150344939","https://openalex.org/W2128843868","https://openalex.org/W2023607036"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}