{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982931338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00004850-199403001-00006","title":"The optimal dosing regimen for citalopram-a meta-analysis of nine placebo-controlled studies","display_name":"The optimal dosing regimen for citalopram-a meta-analysis of nine placebo-controlled studies","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982931338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00004850-199403001-00006","mag":"1982931338","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8021436"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00004850-199403001-00006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00004850-199403001-00006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00004850-199403001-00006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149156103","display_name":"International Clinical Psychopharmacology","issn_l":"0268-1315","issn":["0268-1315","1473-5857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318547","host_organization_name":"Wolters Kluwer","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Clinical Psychopharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002162783","display_name":"Stuart Montgomery","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-0063","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-0063"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106957","display_name":"St Mary's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01aysdw42","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153355300","https://openalex.org/I4210106957"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. A. Montgomery","raw_affiliation_strings":["St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK","St Mary's Hospital Medical School, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106957"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"St Mary's Hospital Medical School, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106957"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068266500","display_name":"Vilhelm M\u00f8ller Pedersen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133593841","display_name":"Lundbeck (Denmark)","ror":"https://ror.org/0564cd633","country_code":"DK","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133593841"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Pedersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133593841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089410147","display_name":"Per Tangh\u00f8j","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133593841","display_name":"Lundbeck (Denmark)","ror":"https://ror.org/0564cd633","country_code":"DK","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133593841"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Tangh\u00f8j","raw_affiliation_strings":["H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133593841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"C. Rasmussen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133593841","display_name":"Lundbeck (Denmark)","ror":"https://ror.org/0564cd633","country_code":"DK","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133593841"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Rasmussen","raw_affiliation_strings":["H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133593841"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017759370","display_name":"Patrice P. Rioux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8048-2035","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8048-2035"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Rioux","raw_affiliation_strings":["INSERM U.320, NEUROMED, 14052 Caen Cedex, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSERM U.320, NEUROMED, 14052 Caen Cedex, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4699,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82105263,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"35","last_page":"40"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13118","display_name":"Psychological Treatments and Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citalopram","display_name":"citalopram","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antidepressant-dosing","display_name":"antidepressant dosing","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-response-relationship","display_name":"dose-response relationship","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-effective-dose","display_name":"minimum effective dose","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antidepressant-efficacy","display_name":"antidepressant efficacy","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-depression","display_name":"severe depression","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-depressive-disorder","display_name":"recurrent depression","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-episode-depression","display_name":"first-episode depression","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors","display_name":"selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors","score":0.8669999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777490545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409672","display_name":"Citalopram","level":4,"score":0.9395056366920471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.8230313062667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777288759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4164182","display_name":"Dosing","level":2,"score":0.8147381544113159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6599472761154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779177272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76560","display_name":"Antidepressant","level":3,"score":0.6418048143386841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.632744312286377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781413609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7308373","display_name":"Regimen","level":2,"score":0.5944443345069885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.4842509925365448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.45895227789878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780051608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42844","display_name":"Major depressive disorder","level":3,"score":0.4223734140396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781161787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48360","display_name":"Hippocampus","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779144063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338924","display_name":"Amygdala","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004334","descriptor_name":"Drug Administration Schedule","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015283","descriptor_name":"Citalopram","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015283","descriptor_name":"Citalopram","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00004850-199403001-00006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00004850-199403001-00006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00004850-199403001-00006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149156103","display_name":"International Clinical Psychopharmacology","issn_l":"0268-1315","issn":["0268-1315","1473-5857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318547","host_organization_name":"Wolters Kluwer","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Clinical Psychopharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8021436","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8021436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International clinical psychopharmacology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9907000064849854,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038752472","https://openalex.org/W1987270369","https://openalex.org/W2412709103","https://openalex.org/W1970476994","https://openalex.org/W2557416705","https://openalex.org/W2390848172","https://openalex.org/W2973879258","https://openalex.org/W3120091619","https://openalex.org/W2183865837","https://openalex.org/W2264727433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optimal":[0],"dosing":[1],"schedules":[2],"for":[3,35,117],"an":[4],"antidepressant":[5,20],"drug":[6],"can":[7],"only":[8],"be":[9,29,106],"established":[10],"during":[11],"clinical":[12,77],"studies":[13],"in":[14],"depressed":[15],"patients.":[16],"The":[17,97],"benefits":[18],"of":[19,44,57,60,69,72,101,111,142,156],"therapy":[21],"are":[22],"usually":[23],"progressive,":[24],"and":[25,84,92],"thus":[26],"patients":[27,119,137],"must":[28],"maintained":[30],"on":[31],"a":[32,48,115,131],"particular":[33],"treatment":[34],"at":[36,88],"least":[37],"3-4":[38],"weeks":[39],"to":[40,65,105,126,151],"assess":[41,66],"the":[42,55,58,67,90,152],"efficacy":[43,68],"different":[45],"doses.":[46],"Meta-analysis,":[47],"widely":[49],"accepted":[50],"statistical":[51],"technique":[52],"which":[53],"allows":[54],"combination":[56],"results":[59,129],"multiple":[61],"studies,":[62],"was":[63,103],"used":[64],"several":[70],"doses":[71],"citalopram":[73,83,102],"over":[74],"nine":[75],"placebo-controlled":[76],"trials.":[78],"Statistically":[79],"significant":[80],"differences":[81],"between":[82],"placebo":[85],"were":[86],"found":[87],"both":[89],"20":[91,107,157],"40":[93],"mg":[94],"dose":[95,100,155],"levels.":[96],"minimal":[98],"effective":[99,154],"shown":[104],"mg.":[108,158],"However,":[109],"analysis":[110],"patient":[112],"subgroups":[113],"revealed":[114],"tendency":[116],"those":[118],"suffering":[120],"from":[121],"severe":[122,147],"or":[123,144],"recurrent":[124],"depression":[125,143,148],"achieve":[127],"better":[128],"with":[130,145],"higher":[132],"dosage":[133],"(40":[134],"mg),":[135],"while":[136],"experiencing":[138],"their":[139],"first":[140],"period":[141],"less":[146],"responded":[149],"well":[150],"minimally":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}