{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982907783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(94)00495-1","title":"Development of a radiative divertor for DIII-D","display_name":"Development of a radiative divertor for DIII-D","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982907783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(94)00495-1","mag":"1982907783"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0022-3115(94)00495-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(94)00495-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(94)00495-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149516416","display_name":"Journal of Nuclear Materials","issn_l":"0022-3115","issn":["0022-3115","1873-4820"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Nuclear Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/10173463","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S.L. Allen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.L. Allen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022273405","display_name":"N.H. Brooks","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N.H. Brooks","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111590812","display_name":"R. B. Campbell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.B. Campbell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081781859","display_name":"M.E. Fenstermacher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5635-7330","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5635-7330"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.E. Fenstermacher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112512757","display_name":"D. N. Hill","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.N. Hill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086157136","display_name":"A.W. Hyatt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3384-5280","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3384-5280"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.W. Hyatt","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113529688","display_name":"Dana A. Knoll","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Knoll","raw_affiliation_strings":["INEL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INEL, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031376131","display_name":"Charles J. Lasnier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7109-2278","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7109-2278"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.J. Lasnier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083828069","display_name":"Edward A. Lazarus","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E.A. Lazarus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049120697","display_name":"A.W. Leonard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9356-1074","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9356-1074"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.W. Leonard","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001177625","display_name":"S. Lippmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.I. Lippmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038319091","display_name":"M. A. Mahdavi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.A. Mahdavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045577349","display_name":"Rajesh Maingi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1238-8121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1238-8121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Maingi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013494474","display_name":"William H. Meyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5981-3394","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5981-3394"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Meyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008292006","display_name":"Richard A. Moyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3858-8159","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3858-8159"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.A. Moyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCLA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCLA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058944932","display_name":"Thomas W. Petrie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-2647","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-2647"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.W. Petrie","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086602412","display_name":"Gary D. Porter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.D. Porter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023736714","display_name":"M.E. Rensink","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.E. Rensink","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079291587","display_name":"T.D. Rognlien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-4605","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-4605"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.D. Rognlien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022982251","display_name":"Michael J. Schaffer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7107-5913","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7107-5913"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.J. Schaffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053166159","display_name":"John P. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-4980","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-4980"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.P. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA \u2026"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA \u2026","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034362339","display_name":"Gary M. Staebler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1944-1733","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1944-1733"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.M. Staebler","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA \u2026"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA \u2026","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040086904","display_name":"Ronald D. Stambaugh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.D. Stambaugh","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA \u2026"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA \u2026","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103386364","display_name":"W.P. West","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W.P. West","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA \u2026"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-9784, USA \u2026","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026261543","display_name":"R. D. Wood","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.D. Wood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2640,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2640},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3934,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96127893,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"220-222","issue":null,"first_page":"336","last_page":"341"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10592","display_name":"Fusion materials and technologies","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13769","display_name":"Fusion and Plasma Physics Studies","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-divertor","display_name":"radiative divertor","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diii-d-tokamak","display_name":"DIII-D tokamak","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-puffing","display_name":"gas puff fueling","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-zone","display_name":"radiation zone","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-ion-charge","display_name":"effective ion charge","score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core-level-ionization","display_name":"core ionization","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triangularity","display_name":"triangularity","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-feasibility","display_name":"engineering feasibility","score":0.45899999141693115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777017188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230603","display_name":"Divertor","level":4,"score":0.9924749135971069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778495671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5205113","display_name":"DIII-D","level":4,"score":0.822273850440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522602180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654","display_name":"Neon","level":3,"score":0.711135983467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.593738317489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.5756530165672302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.5378214120864868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131396349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q913675","display_name":"Baffle","level":2,"score":0.5224888920783997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.5162858366966248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.455392062664032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.4432958662509918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159188206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478382","display_name":"Heat flux","level":3,"score":0.4193105101585388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34642666578292847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116515362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188589","display_name":"Tokamak","level":3,"score":0.3324458599090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3210274875164032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.29645413160324097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.27215564250946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547737533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q696","display_name":"Argon","level":2,"score":0.1756363809108734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.14706569910049438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10893702507019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.09445613622665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.06023666262626648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0022-3115(94)00495-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(94)00495-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(94)00495-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149516416","display_name":"Journal of Nuclear Materials","issn_l":"0022-3115","issn":["0022-3115","1873-4820"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Nuclear Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc1341190","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1341190/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400792","display_name":"University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","host_organization_name":"University of North Texas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"11. international conference on plasma surface interactions in controlled fusion devices,Mito (Japan),23-27 May 1994","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:10173463","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/10173463","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:10173463","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/10173463","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2048383733","https://openalex.org/W2057618706","https://openalex.org/W4242553386"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085851699","https://openalex.org/W37825334","https://openalex.org/W17398219","https://openalex.org/W127589589","https://openalex.org/W2041650748","https://openalex.org/W2044885031","https://openalex.org/W2488950837","https://openalex.org/W1565175767","https://openalex.org/W1631733719","https://openalex.org/W1554030557"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}