{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982823192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.35415","title":"SPAR\u2014A Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Research System","display_name":"SPAR\u2014A Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Research System","publication_year":1978,"publication_date":"1978-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982823192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.35415","mag":"1982823192"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.13031/2013.35415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.35415","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.35415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169753","display_name":"Transactions of the ASAE","issn_l":"0001-2351","issn":["0001-2351","2151-0059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the ASAE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082332114","display_name":"C. J. Phene","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. J. Phene","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103558576","display_name":"D. N. Baker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. N. Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038900660","display_name":"Jerry R. Lambert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. R. Lambert","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J. E. Parsons","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. E. Parsons","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069704441","display_name":"James M. McKinion","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. M. McKinion","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9536,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71993586,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"5","first_page":"0924","last_page":"0930"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10266","display_name":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","score":0.6327999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10266","display_name":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","score":0.6327999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10716","display_name":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","score":0.20200000703334808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.0860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controlled-environment-chamber","display_name":"controlled environment chamber","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cotton","display_name":"cotton","score":0.3529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net-photosynthesis","display_name":"net photosynthesis","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-flux","display_name":"CO2 flux","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matric-potential","display_name":"matric potential","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-growth-rate","display_name":"plant growth rate","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-control-systems","display_name":"environmental control systems","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microprocessor-based-data-acquisition","display_name":"microprocessor-based data acquisition","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micrometeorology","display_name":"micrometeorology","score":0.6970000267028809}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776698545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374641","display_name":"Spar","level":2,"score":0.8568352460861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5788718461990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156273044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4913766","display_name":"Bin","level":2,"score":0.5453698635101318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.45142263174057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65440619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","level":2,"score":0.41037988662719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.39602187275886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.24966961145401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.1496136486530304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.144020676612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1283852756023407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11039963364601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.13031/2013.35415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.35415","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.35415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169753","display_name":"Transactions of the ASAE","issn_l":"0001-2351","issn":["0001-2351","2151-0059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the ASAE","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3082557279","https://openalex.org/W2806882692","https://openalex.org/W1604012899","https://openalex.org/W1990031767","https://openalex.org/W2254617466","https://openalex.org/W7026930416","https://openalex.org/W2286246499","https://openalex.org/W2077213095","https://openalex.org/W2108478735","https://openalex.org/W2027756995"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACTCOMPREHENSIVE":[0],"studies":[1],"of":[2,8,19,78,97,141,182,229,247],"plant":[3,9,116,223],"dynamics":[4],"re-quire":[5],"simultaneous":[6],"measurements":[7,164,249],"roots":[10],"and":[11,26,39,54,90,101,111,115,165,187,197,213,218,225,240],"tops":[12],"in":[13,189],"a":[14,28,65,122,153,209],"controlled":[15,38,107,211],"environment.":[16],"The":[17,95,170],"objectives":[18],"this":[20],"research":[21],"were":[22,48],"to":[23,92,137,151,177,216,238,254],"design,":[24],"construct,":[25],"test":[27],"computer-controlled":[29],"environmental":[30],"system":[31,172,207],"for":[32,167,250],"studying":[33],"whole-plant":[34],"responses.":[35,257],"Three":[36],"independently":[37,108],"monitored":[40],"sunlit":[41],"chambers,":[42],"the":[43,93,98,102,139,145,179,190,205,236],"Soil-Plant-Atmosphere":[44],"Research":[45],"(SPAR)":[46],"system,":[47],"constructed":[49],"attheUSDA-SEA,":[50],"Coastal":[51],"Plains":[52],"Soil":[53],"Water":[55],"Conservation":[56],"Re-search":[57],"Center,":[58],"Florence,":[59],"SC.":[60],"Each":[61],"SPAR":[62,171,206],"unit":[63],"is":[64,80,160],"base":[66],"steel":[67],"soil":[68,103,191,194,212],"bin,":[69],"(2":[70],"x":[71,73],"0.5":[72],"1":[74],"m)":[75],"on":[76,232],"top":[77],"which":[79,147],"an":[81],"acrylic":[82],"plastic":[83],"aerial":[84,99,214],"chamber":[85,100,168],"(1.5":[86],"m":[87],"high),":[88],"secured":[89],"sealed":[91],"base.":[94],"temperatures":[96],"bin":[104],"can":[105,132],"be":[106,133,149],"by":[109,144],"air-conditioners":[110],"heaters.":[112],"Micrometereological,":[113],"soil,":[114],"variables":[117],"are":[118],"measured":[119,134],"automatically":[120,221],"with":[121],"micro-processor-based":[123],"digital":[124],"data":[125],"acquisition":[126],"system.":[127],"In":[128],"each":[129,135],"chamber,":[130],"COz":[131],"minute":[136],"determine":[138],"amount":[140,181],"C02":[142,155,163],"absorbed":[143],"plant,":[146],"must":[148],"replaced":[150],"maintain":[152],"constant":[154,193],"level.":[156],"Apparent":[157],"net":[158],"photosynthesis":[159],"calculated":[161],"from":[162],"corrected":[166],"leakage.":[169],"was":[173],"evaluated":[174],"using":[175],"cotton":[176],"de-termine":[178],"potential":[180,196],"root":[183],"dry":[184],"matter":[185],"accumu-lation":[186],"proliferation":[188],"under":[192],"matric":[195],"non-limiting":[198],"photosynthate":[199],"supply.":[200],"Initial":[201],"results":[202],"indicated":[203],"that":[204],"provides":[208],"precisely":[210],"environment":[215],"accurately":[217],"rapidly":[219,239],"measure":[220,242],"some":[222],"stresses":[224],"growth":[226],"rates.":[227],"Dependence":[228],"these":[230,248,256],"rates":[231],"incoming":[233],"energy":[234],"indicates":[235],"need":[237],"continuously":[241],"soil-plant-atmosphere":[243],"pro-cesses,":[244],"because":[245],"integration":[246],"long":[251],"periods":[252],"tends":[253],"mask":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}