{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982462273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.39.2.149","title":"Metabolic Effects of Hyperglycemia and Hyperinsulinemia on Fate of Intracellular Glucose in NIDDM","display_name":"Metabolic Effects of Hyperglycemia and Hyperinsulinemia on Fate of Intracellular Glucose in NIDDM","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982462273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.39.2.149","mag":"1982462273","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2227122"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2337/diab.39.2.149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.39.2.149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.39.2.149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129060628","display_name":"Diabetes","issn_l":"0012-1797","issn":["0012-1797","1939-327X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320274","host_organization_name":"American Diabetes Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320274"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Diabetes Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045462483","display_name":"Robert R. Henry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4821-0117","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4821-0117"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert R Henry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center\u2008San Diego\u2008University of California\u2008San Diego, La Jolla, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center\u2008San Diego\u2008University of California\u2008San Diego, La Jolla, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014081492","display_name":"Barry Gumbiner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-289X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-289X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barry Gumbiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center\u2008San Diego\u2008University of California\u2008San Diego, La Jolla, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center\u2008San Diego\u2008University of California\u2008San Diego, La Jolla, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017162697","display_name":"Therese Flynn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Therese Flynn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center\u2008San Diego\u2008University of California\u2008San Diego, La Jolla, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center\u2008San Diego\u2008University of California\u2008San Diego, La Jolla, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111957917","display_name":"Anne W. Thorburn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne W Thorburn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center\u2008San Diego\u2008University of California\u2008San Diego, La Jolla, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center\u2008San Diego\u2008University of California\u2008San Diego, La Jolla, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4126,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91848367,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"2","first_page":"149","last_page":"156"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.600600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.600600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.10360000282526016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11339","display_name":"Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer","score":0.06379999965429306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperglycemia","display_name":"hyperglycemia","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperinsulinemia","display_name":"hyperinsulinemia","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose-oxidation","display_name":"glucose oxidation","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonoxidative-glucose-metabolism","display_name":"nonoxidative glucose metabolism","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fat-oxidation","display_name":"fat oxidation","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-fatty-acids","display_name":"free fatty acids","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose-uptake","display_name":"glucose uptake","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-resistance","display_name":"insulin resistance","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indirect-calorimetry","display_name":"indirect calorimetry","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fat-free-mass","display_name":"fat-free mass","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-metabolism","display_name":"energy metabolism","score":0.39500001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-obese-patients","display_name":"non-obese patients","score":0.4729999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.8834099769592285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.8626934289932251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780988686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14375936","display_name":"Hyperinsulinemia","level":4,"score":0.7576143741607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777866211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5572349","display_name":"Glucose uptake","level":3,"score":0.680982232093811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.6624666452407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778024521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55639806","display_name":"Basal (medicine)","level":3,"score":0.6530640125274658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17093226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2734081","display_name":"Carbohydrate metabolism","level":2,"score":0.6338355541229248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62231903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057","display_name":"Metabolism","level":2,"score":0.5948820114135742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.591732919216156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778808658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2975183","display_name":"Glucose clamp technique","level":5,"score":0.5456094145774841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.5118264555931091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161573976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420277","display_name":"Glucose transporter","level":3,"score":0.4388664662837982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780352109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728309","display_name":"Pancreatic hormone","level":4,"score":0.3235195279121399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.23647525906562805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777391703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053470","display_name":"Insulin resistance","level":3,"score":0.22092083096504211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.19483551383018494}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002096","descriptor_name":"C-Peptide","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002151","descriptor_name":"Calorimetry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005230","descriptor_name":"Fatty Acids, Nonesterified","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005934","descriptor_name":"Glucagon","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005947","descriptor_name":"Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005947","descriptor_name":"Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006943","descriptor_name":"Hyperglycemia","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006946","descriptor_name":"Hyperinsulinism","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009765","descriptor_name":"Obesity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010084","descriptor_name":"Oxidation-Reduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015309","descriptor_name":"Glucose Clamp Technique","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D050356","descriptor_name":"Lipid Metabolism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2337/diab.39.2.149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.39.2.149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.39.2.149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129060628","display_name":"Diabetes","issn_l":"0012-1797","issn":["0012-1797","1939-327X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320274","host_organization_name":"American Diabetes Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320274"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Diabetes Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2337/diabetes.39.2.149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.39.2.149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.39.2.149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129060628","display_name":"Diabetes","issn_l":"0012-1797","issn":["0012-1797","1939-327X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320274","host_organization_name":"American Diabetes Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320274"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Diabetes Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2227122","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2227122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetes","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7725297644","display_name":"COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF INTRACELLULAR GLUCOSE METABOLISM","funder_award_id":"R29DK038949","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8878637015","display_name":"General Clinical Research Center","funder_award_id":"M01RR000827","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099427767","https://openalex.org/W1986933516","https://openalex.org/W2063441939","https://openalex.org/W1996881582","https://openalex.org/W1974287455","https://openalex.org/W1981456793","https://openalex.org/W117380138","https://openalex.org/W2158104654","https://openalex.org/W2054212116","https://openalex.org/W6998780543"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hyperglycemia":[0],"in":[1,52,57,267,305],"non-insulin-dependent":[2],"diabetes":[3],"mellitus":[4],"(NIDDM)":[5],"stimulates":[6],"peripheral":[7],"glucose":[8,17,23,33,69,99,117,136,160,173,196,240,265,274,286,319,328],"uptake,":[9],"which":[10],"tends":[11],"to":[12,141,308],"compensate":[13],"for":[14,262,317,323],"impaired":[15,263,318],"insulinmediated":[16],"uptake.":[18],"The":[19,301],"metabolic":[20],"fate":[21],"of":[22,26,98,195,239,273,285,292,298,303,326],"and":[24,104,115,122,158,171,241,277,282],"suppression":[25],"fat":[27,218,242],"oxidation":[28,100,161,219,243],"may":[29],"differ,":[30],"however,":[31],"when":[32,68,250,259],"uptake":[34,70,137,266,287,320],"is":[35],"stimulated":[36],"primarily":[37,84],"by":[38,208,222],"insulin":[39,153,294],"or":[40,90],"hyperglycemia.":[41],"To":[42],"address":[43],"this":[44],"issue,":[45],"three":[46],"hyperinsulinemic":[47],"glucose-clamp":[48,200],"studies":[49,191,252],"were":[50,133,205,253],"performed":[51],"combination":[53],"with":[54,61,83,151],"indirect":[55],"calorimetry":[56],"seven":[58],"nonobese":[59],"subjects":[60],"NIDDM.":[62],"In":[63],"the":[64,269,283,290,296,324],"first":[65],"two":[66],"experiments,":[67],"was":[71,138,220,235],"matched":[72,190],"at":[73,192],"\u223c8":[74],"mg":[75,108,126,145,165,178],"\u00b7":[76,81,109,112,127,130,146,149,166,169,179],"kg\u22121":[77,110,128,147,167,180],"fat-free":[78],"mass":[79],"(FFM)":[80],"min1":[82],"hyperinsulinemia":[85],"(1350":[86],"\u00b1":[87,93,102,106,120,124,143,155,163,176],"445":[88],"pM)":[89,157],"hyperglycemia":[91,260,304],"(20.8":[92],"1.8":[94],"mM),":[95],"identical":[96],"rates":[97,194,238],"(3.21":[101],"0.29":[103],"3.10":[105],"0.23":[107],"FFM":[111,129,148,168,181],"min\u22121,":[113,131],"NS)":[114,132],"nonoxidative":[116,172,278],"metabolism":[118,174],"(5.19":[119],"0.75":[121],"5.46":[123],"0.61":[125],"achieved.":[134],"When":[135],"increased":[139],"further":[140],"11.11":[142],"0.36":[144],"min\u22121":[150],"less":[152],"(625":[154],"70":[156],"hyperglycemia,":[159],"(3.85":[162],"0.26":[164],"min\u22121)":[170,182],"(7.26":[175],"0.51":[177],"rose":[183],"significantly":[184],"(both":[185],"P":[186,211,225,247],"<":[187,212,226,248],"0.05":[188],"from":[189],"lower":[193],"uptake).":[197],"During":[198],"all":[199,251],"studies,":[201],"free":[202],"fatty":[203],"acids":[204],"comparably":[206],"suppressed":[207,221],"40\u201346%":[209],"(all":[210,224],"0.005":[213,227],"vs.":[214,228],"basal":[215,229],"values),":[216],"whereas":[217],"70\u201380%":[223],"values).":[230],"A":[231],"strong":[232],"negative":[233],"correlation":[234],"observed":[236],"between":[237],"(r":[244],"=":[245],"\u22120.88,":[246],"0.001)":[249],"combined.":[254],"These":[255],"results":[256],"demonstrate":[257],"that,":[258],"compensates":[261],"insulin-mediated":[264],"NIDDM,":[268],"ultimate":[270],"intracellular":[271,327],"movement":[272],"into":[275],"oxidative":[276],"pathways":[279,325],"remains":[280],"unchanged":[281],"rate":[284],"rather":[288],"than":[289],"level":[291],"serum":[293],"determines":[295],"disposition":[297],"infused":[299],"glucose.":[300],"development":[302],"NIDDM":[306],"appears":[307],"function":[309],"as":[310],"a":[311],"regulatory":[312],"mechanism":[313],"compensating":[314],"not":[315],"only":[316],"but":[321],"also":[322],"metabolism.":[329]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}