{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982394670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198007033030103","title":"Equality in Medical Care under National Health Insurance in Montreal","display_name":"Equality in Medical Care under National Health Insurance in Montreal","publication_year":1980,"publication_date":"1980-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982394670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198007033030103","mag":"1982394670","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7374728"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejm198007033030103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198007033030103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198007033030103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067482210","display_name":"Jack Siemiatycki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9042-8582","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9042-8582"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack Siemiatycki","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108527912","display_name":"Lesley Richardson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lesley Richardson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025452752","display_name":"Ivan Barry Pless","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Barry Pless","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.549,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91700405,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"303","issue":"1","first_page":"10","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13633","display_name":"Public Health and Social Inequalities","score":0.35179999470710754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13633","display_name":"Public Health and Social Inequalities","score":0.35179999470710754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.2142000049352646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.2079000025987625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-health-insurance","display_name":"national health insurance","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-access","display_name":"health care access","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-class-disparities","display_name":"social class disparities","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physician-visits","display_name":"physician visits","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-clinics","display_name":"hospital clinics","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-department-use","display_name":"emergency department utilization","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prescription-drug-use","display_name":"prescription drug use","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physician-workload","display_name":"physician workload","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/montreal","display_name":"Montreal","score":0.31700000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8105061650276184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.6266125440597534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.6052999496459961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.5852261781692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983635472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334911","display_name":"Health insurance","level":3,"score":0.5058695673942566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.4894794225692749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4548233151435852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.44857534766197205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019691871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7960621","display_name":"Waiting period","level":2,"score":0.4475767910480499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.3419371545314789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.16432306170463562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.09498780965805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006297","descriptor_name":"Health Services Accessibility","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006300","descriptor_name":"Health Services Misuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007182","descriptor_name":"Income","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007348","descriptor_name":"Insurance, Health","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007357","descriptor_name":"Insurance, Physician Services","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009313","descriptor_name":"National Health Programs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010548","descriptor_name":"Personal Health Services","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011792","descriptor_name":"Quebec","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012923","descriptor_name":"Social Class","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012935","descriptor_name":"Social Justice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012959","descriptor_name":"Socioeconomic Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejm198007033030103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198007033030103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198007033030103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7374728","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7374728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The New England journal of medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/787568","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10822/787568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eweb:33174","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.7246000170707703,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1791111729","https://openalex.org/W1907741228","https://openalex.org/W1965982664","https://openalex.org/W1969489971","https://openalex.org/W1986513385","https://openalex.org/W1986514489","https://openalex.org/W1993176718","https://openalex.org/W2013056458","https://openalex.org/W2027855424","https://openalex.org/W2030790545","https://openalex.org/W2032311234","https://openalex.org/W2034525753","https://openalex.org/W2050565285","https://openalex.org/W2071331277","https://openalex.org/W2098043510","https://openalex.org/W2126843316"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W140652501","https://openalex.org/W2056276071","https://openalex.org/W2090783097","https://openalex.org/W2148496814","https://openalex.org/W1993176718","https://openalex.org/W2032311234","https://openalex.org/W2130402625","https://openalex.org/W2118281960","https://openalex.org/W1993327774","https://openalex.org/W7100591383"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"November":[1],"1974,":[2],"four":[3],"years":[4],"after":[5],"national":[6],"health":[7,42],"insurance":[8],"in":[9,23,34,70,144],"Canada":[10],"had":[11,84,161],"eliminated":[12],"all":[13],"out-of-pocket":[14],"payment":[15],"for":[16,104,135],"physicians'":[17,38],"services,":[18],"we":[19],"surveyed":[20],"1559":[21],"households":[22],"a":[24],"socially":[25],"heterogeneous":[26],"area":[27],"of":[28,37,56,82,98,109,147,154,168,170],"Montreal":[29],"to":[30,89,117],"assess":[31],"social-class":[32],"differences":[33],"the":[35,54,60,64,68,71,92,125,133,145,148,152,175],"use":[36,97],"services.":[39],"When":[40],"reported":[41],"status":[43],"as":[44,46,127],"well":[45],"age":[47],"and":[48,74,101,107,114],"sex":[49],"were":[50,66],"taken":[51],"into":[52],"account,":[53],"rates":[55],"physician":[57,155],"visits":[58,111,156],"during":[59],"two-week":[61],"period":[62],"preceding":[63],"survey":[65],"essentially":[67],"same":[69],"low,":[72],"middle,":[73],"high":[75],"economic":[76],"classes,":[77],"thus":[78],"confirming":[79],"that":[80,124],"disparity":[81],"access":[83],"been":[85],"reduced.":[86],"However,":[87],"relative":[88],"other":[90,130],"groups,":[91],"poor":[93],"still":[94],"made":[95],"considerable":[96],"hospital":[99],"clinics":[100],"emergency":[102],"rooms":[103],"primary":[105],"care":[106,173],"more":[108,136],"their":[110],"entailed":[112],"prescriptions":[113],"physician-initiated":[115],"requests":[116],"return.":[118],"The":[119],"latter":[120],"observations":[121],"may":[122],"indicate":[123],"poor,":[126],"compared":[128],"with":[129],"groups":[131],"consulted":[132],"doctor":[134],"advanced":[137],"conditions.":[138],"Official":[139],"statistics":[140],"showed":[141],"no":[142,166],"increase":[143],"workload":[146],"average":[149],"physician,":[150],"although":[151],"number":[153],"per":[157,159],"person":[158],"year":[160],"risen":[162],"steadily.":[163],"There":[164],"was":[165],"evidence":[167],"abuse":[169],"\"free\"":[171],"medical":[172],"by":[174],"poor.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}