{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982181358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.9.2.216","title":"Reading speed and prose memory in older and younger adults.","display_name":"Reading speed and prose memory in older and younger adults.","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982181358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.9.2.216","mag":"1982181358","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8054169"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1037/0882-7974.9.2.216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.9.2.216","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.9.2.216","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55618883","display_name":"Psychology and Aging","issn_l":"0882-7974","issn":["0882-7974","1939-1498"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychology and Aging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037281787","display_name":"Joellen T. Hartley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59897056","display_name":"California State University, Long Beach","ror":"https://ror.org/0080fxk18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59897056"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joellen T. Hartley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, California State University, Long Beach 90840-0901","California State U, Dept of Psychology, Long Beach, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, California State University, Long Beach 90840-0901","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59897056"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State U, Dept of Psychology, Long Beach, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59897056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001391799","display_name":"Carrie C. Stojack","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carrie C. Stojack","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048669514","display_name":"Thomas J. Mushaney","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas J. Mushaney","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039468996","display_name":"T. A. Kiku Annon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. A. Kiku Annon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"et al","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"et al","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9591,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71964782,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"216","last_page":"223"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10918","display_name":"Memory Processes and Influences","score":0.6514000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10918","display_name":"Memory Processes and Influences","score":0.6514000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13471","display_name":"Cognitive Functions and Memory","score":0.1096000000834465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11265","display_name":"Aging and Gerontology Research","score":0.09399999678134918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-speed","display_name":"reading speed","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prose-memory","display_name":"prose memory","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence-processing","display_name":"sentence processing","score":0.4009999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-differences","display_name":"age differences","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-paced-reading","display_name":"self-paced reading","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-retrieval","display_name":"memory retrieval","score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence-boundaries","display_name":"sentence boundaries","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processing-speed","display_name":"processing speed","score":0.4620000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.8145132064819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7618371248245239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.7380190491676331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.6735016703605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6261801719665527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133623452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426477","display_name":"Serial position effect","level":4,"score":0.5683512687683105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5148541331291199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44777696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7302270","display_name":"Recall test","level":4,"score":0.46575766801834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.45869654417037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36668950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5500279","display_name":"Free recall","level":3,"score":0.4164879024028778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.18702000379562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.18430066108703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11829882860183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000375","descriptor_name":"Aging","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000375","descriptor_name":"Aging","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011932","descriptor_name":"Reading","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011939","descriptor_name":"Mental Recall","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012044","descriptor_name":"Regression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015577","descriptor_name":"Geriatric Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1037/0882-7974.9.2.216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.9.2.216","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.9.2.216","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55618883","display_name":"Psychology and Aging","issn_l":"0882-7974","issn":["0882-7974","1939-1498"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychology and Aging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1037//0882-7974.9.2.216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0882-7974.9.2.216","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0882-7974.9.2.216","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55618883","display_name":"Psychology and Aging","issn_l":"0882-7974","issn":["0882-7974","1939-1498"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychology and Aging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8054169","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8054169","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychology and aging","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5993220971","display_name":"AGING AND PROSE MEMORY--BEHAVIORAL AND EEG PREDICTORS","funder_award_id":"R01AG003362","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1911640279","https://openalex.org/W1966965590","https://openalex.org/W1976158675","https://openalex.org/W1982537805","https://openalex.org/W2011603960","https://openalex.org/W2017089942","https://openalex.org/W2033240844","https://openalex.org/W2033703136","https://openalex.org/W2039107287","https://openalex.org/W2042336469","https://openalex.org/W2042410778","https://openalex.org/W2054027267","https://openalex.org/W2093472320","https://openalex.org/W2101903305","https://openalex.org/W2152752480","https://openalex.org/W2169751154","https://openalex.org/W2990151300","https://openalex.org/W2998008465","https://openalex.org/W4366444728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050328043","https://openalex.org/W2017089942","https://openalex.org/W1967225185","https://openalex.org/W2015324334","https://openalex.org/W6989181653","https://openalex.org/W1983946953","https://openalex.org/W2073323612","https://openalex.org/W374526224","https://openalex.org/W4401992451","https://openalex.org/W2093900663"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"method":[1],"is":[2],"described":[3],"for":[4,32,36,43,91,107,112],"determining":[5],"the":[6,17,51,86,102],"minimum":[7],"amount":[8,87],"of":[9,19,88,96,105],"time":[10,25,54,61,89],"required":[11],"to":[12,83],"read":[13],"a":[14,20,58,73,108],"proposition":[15],"in":[16,80,115],"context":[18],"sentence.":[21],"This":[22],"threshold":[23,52],"reading":[24,53,60],"was":[26,41,68],"reliable,":[27],"stable,":[28],"and":[29,56,127],"significantly":[30],"longer":[31],"older":[33],"adults":[34],"than":[35],"younger":[37],"adults.":[38],"Prose":[39],"memory":[40],"assessed":[42],"texts":[44],"presented":[45],"at":[46],"varying":[47],"speeds":[48],"determined":[49],"by":[50,57],"measure":[55],"whole-text":[59],"measure.":[62],"Recall":[63],"from":[64,72],"these":[65],"paced":[66],"conditions":[67],"compared":[69],"with":[70],"recall":[71,81],"self-paced":[74],"condition.":[75],"In":[76],"general,":[77],"age":[78],"differences":[79],"tended":[82],"increase":[84],"as":[85],"allowed":[90],"processing":[92,106],"increased.":[93],"The":[94],"results":[95],"regression":[97],"analyses":[98],"suggest":[99],"that":[100,119],"although":[101],"basic":[103],"speed":[104],"single":[109],"sentence":[110,122],"accounts":[111],"substantial":[113],"variance":[114],"prose":[116],"recall,":[117],"processes":[118],"operate":[120],"across":[121],"boundaries":[123],"are":[124],"also":[125],"important":[126],"require":[128],"further":[129],"specification.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
