{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982129160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000080716","title":"Psychopathy in Violent Female Offenders in Finland","display_name":"Psychopathy in Violent Female Offenders in Finland","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982129160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000080716","mag":"1982129160","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15353887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1159/000080716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000080716","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000080716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35341196","display_name":"Psychopathology","issn_l":"0254-4962","issn":["0254-4962","1423-033X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychopathology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050621656","display_name":"Ghitta Weizmann\u2010Henelius","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6306-113X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6306-113X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130217899","display_name":"\u00c5bo Akademi University","ror":"https://ror.org/029pk6x14","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130217899"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107012","display_name":"Vanha Vaasa hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01g4j3g78","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107012"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghitta Weizmann-Henelius","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanha Vaasa Hospital, Vaasa, Finland. ghitta.weizmann-henelius@vvs.fi","Vanha Vaasa Hospital, Vaasa, and","\u00c5bo Akademi University, Turku, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanha Vaasa Hospital, Vaasa, Finland. ghitta.weizmann-henelius@vvs.fi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107012"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanha Vaasa Hospital, Vaasa, and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107012"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c5bo Akademi University, Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130217899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060823063","display_name":"Vappu Viemer\u00f6","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130217899","display_name":"\u00c5bo Akademi University","ror":"https://ror.org/029pk6x14","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130217899"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vappu Viemer\u00f6","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u00c5bo Akademi University, Turku, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c5bo Akademi University, Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130217899"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113701108","display_name":"Markku Eronen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107012","display_name":"Vanha Vaasa hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01g4j3g78","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107012"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markku Eronen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanha Vaasa Hospital, Vaasa, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanha Vaasa Hospital, Vaasa, and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107012"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5997,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83558234,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"5","first_page":"213","last_page":"221"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10565","display_name":"Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10565","display_name":"Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11040","display_name":"Personality Traits and Psychology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11093","display_name":"Personality Disorders and Psychopathology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychopathy","display_name":"psychopathy","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-offenders","display_name":"women offenders","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/violent-crime","display_name":"violent crime","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychopathy-checklist-revised","display_name":"Psychopathy Checklist-Revised","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-b-personality-disorders","display_name":"cluster B personality disorders","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depressive-personality-disorder","display_name":"depressive personality disorder","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety-and-depression","display_name":"anxiety and depression","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verbal-intelligence","display_name":"verbal intelligence","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lack-of-empathy","display_name":"lack of empathy","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lack-of-remorse","display_name":"lack of remorse","score":0.7080000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521466935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366886","display_name":"Psychopathy","level":3,"score":0.9329409599304199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8632912635803223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779991790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1033930","display_name":"Psychopathy Checklist","level":5,"score":0.7042926549911499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778052017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490149","display_name":"Remorse","level":2,"score":0.5808269381523132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780319597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549918","display_name":"Impulsivity","level":2,"score":0.5436995625495911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182263","display_name":"Empathy","level":2,"score":0.5336806178092957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5322781801223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776276179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118418","display_name":"Antisocial personality disorder","level":4,"score":0.5040258765220642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.48464733362197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779631380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q813655","display_name":"Beck Depression Inventory","level":3,"score":0.437799334526062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C525770307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266051","display_name":"Dark triad","level":4,"score":0.4327344298362732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89798072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141779","display_name":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale","level":3,"score":0.4304737150669098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.40725260972976685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.4045793414115906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.3756219148635864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.2757284939289093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.19585424661636353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.09080231189727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001523","descriptor_name":"Mental Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001523","descriptor_name":"Mental Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005387","descriptor_name":"Finland","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011329","descriptor_name":"Prisoners","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012737","descriptor_name":"Sex Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014754","descriptor_name":"Violence","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D039721","descriptor_name":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1159/000080716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000080716","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000080716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35341196","display_name":"Psychopathology","issn_l":"0254-4962","issn":["0254-4962","1423-033X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychopathology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15353887","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15353887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychopathology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9476000070571899},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8046000003814697},{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.7307999730110168}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538893650","https://openalex.org/W1667024897","https://openalex.org/W1748318532","https://openalex.org/W1946759785","https://openalex.org/W1966276825","https://openalex.org/W1966413804","https://openalex.org/W1989616055","https://openalex.org/W1990434315","https://openalex.org/W1997394237","https://openalex.org/W1999399988","https://openalex.org/W2002664886","https://openalex.org/W2005737896","https://openalex.org/W2007667931","https://openalex.org/W2015723087","https://openalex.org/W2020600058","https://openalex.org/W2021668964","https://openalex.org/W2023550725","https://openalex.org/W2026481995","https://openalex.org/W2028970720","https://openalex.org/W2034651344","https://openalex.org/W2037922243","https://openalex.org/W2040022925","https://openalex.org/W2041449895","https://openalex.org/W2045655187","https://openalex.org/W2047653279","https://openalex.org/W2059574835","https://openalex.org/W2064057822","https://openalex.org/W2065687490","https://openalex.org/W2071648070","https://openalex.org/W2075283514","https://openalex.org/W2080875876","https://openalex.org/W2086713155","https://openalex.org/W2088148458","https://openalex.org/W2089212316","https://openalex.org/W2105107630","https://openalex.org/W2110305741","https://openalex.org/W2130351918","https://openalex.org/W2143837447","https://openalex.org/W2146867020","https://openalex.org/W2153860836","https://openalex.org/W2154852396","https://openalex.org/W2155182668","https://openalex.org/W2157905117","https://openalex.org/W2158794213","https://openalex.org/W2159459144","https://openalex.org/W2197886460","https://openalex.org/W2246313879","https://openalex.org/W2337357457","https://openalex.org/W2499176796","https://openalex.org/W4233934651","https://openalex.org/W4238079920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2340231456","https://openalex.org/W2018653371","https://openalex.org/W1568585948","https://openalex.org/W2125824035","https://openalex.org/W1896961052","https://openalex.org/W2036034326","https://openalex.org/W7098363849","https://openalex.org/W2026112008","https://openalex.org/W2300712077","https://openalex.org/W1964970172"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1,93,174],"base":[2,72,199],"rate":[3,73,200],"and":[4,61,70,89,119,121,146,165,205],"construct":[5],"of":[6,20,38,74,98,141,148,156,162,180,201,209],"psychopathy":[7,75,158,181,202,210],"in":[8,25,80,91,203,214,217],"violent":[9,22],"female":[10,23,157,185],"offenders":[11,24,186],"were":[12,41,76],"examined.":[13],"SAMPLING":[14],"AND":[15],"METHODS:":[16],"More":[17],"than":[18,187,216],"half":[19],"all":[21],"Finland":[26],"who":[27],"where":[28],"either":[29],"hospitalised":[30],"(n=12)":[31],"or":[32,143],"incarcerated":[33],"(n=46)":[34],"during":[35],"the":[36,39,44,131,136,178,198,207],"year":[37],"study":[40],"assessed":[42],"by":[43],"Hare":[45],"Psychopathy":[46],"Checklist-Revised":[47],"(PCL-R),":[48],"Structured":[49],"Clinical":[50],"Interview":[51],"II":[52],"for":[53,170],"DSM-IV,":[54],"Beck":[55,58],"Anxiety":[56],"Inventory,":[57],"Depression":[59],"Inventory-II":[60],"Wechsler":[62],"Adult":[63],"Intelligence":[64],"Scale-Revised.":[65],"RESULTS:":[66],"PCL-R":[67,94,132],"mean":[68],"scores":[69],"a":[71],"found":[77],"to":[78,114,152,167,196],"be":[79,153],"line":[81],"with":[82,96,106,117,123,160],"earlier":[83],"studies,":[84],"showing":[85],"both":[86],"lower":[87,183],"values":[88],"prevalence":[90,179],"females.":[92],"correlated":[95],"symptoms":[97,208],"cluster":[99],"B":[100],"personality":[101,108],"disorders":[102],"as":[103,105],"well":[104],"depressive":[107],"disorder.":[109],"Factor":[110],"2":[111],"was":[112],"observed":[113],"positively":[115],"correlate":[116],"anxiety":[118],"depression":[120],"negatively":[122],"verbal":[124],"cognitive":[125],"ability.":[126],"Logistic":[127],"regression":[128],"analysis":[129],"on":[130],"items":[133,137],"revealed":[134],"that":[135,177],"shallow":[138],"affect,":[139],"lack":[140,147],"remorse":[142],"guilt,":[144],"conning/manipulation":[145],"realistic":[149],"goals":[150],"seem":[151],"important":[154],"indicators":[155],"together":[159],"callous/lack":[161],"empathy,":[163],"impulsivity":[164],"failure":[166],"accept":[168],"responsibility":[169],"own":[171],"actions.":[172],"CONCLUSION:":[173],"finding":[175],"indicates":[176],"is":[182,194],"among":[184,188],"male":[189],"offenders,":[190],"but":[191],"further":[192],"research":[193],"needed":[195],"examine":[197],"women,":[204],"whether":[206],"are":[211],"expressed":[212],"differently":[213],"women":[215],"men.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}