{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1981243485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208322559","title":"Before Escalation: Behavioral and Affective Forecasting in Escalation of Commitment","display_name":"Before Escalation: Behavioral and Affective Forecasting in Escalation of Commitment","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-07-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1981243485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208322559","mag":"1981243485","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18755921"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0146167208322559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208322559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208322559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187348256","display_name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","issn_l":"0146-1672","issn":["0146-1672","1552-7433"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072482516","display_name":"Gillian Ku","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7394-6700","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7394-6700"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61544103","display_name":"London Business School","ror":"https://ror.org/001c2sn75","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I61544103"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gillian Ku","raw_affiliation_strings":["London Business School,","Organisational Behaviour Department, London Business School, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"London Business School,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61544103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Organisational Behaviour Department, London Business School, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61544103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072482516"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61544103"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8105,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74699295,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"11","first_page":"1477","last_page":"1491"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11542","display_name":"Behavioral Health and Interventions","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/escalation-of-commitment","display_name":"escalation of commitment","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affective-forecasting","display_name":"affective forecasting","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anticipated-regret","display_name":"anticipated regret","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-prediction","display_name":"self-prediction","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrapment","display_name":"entrapment","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overconfidence","display_name":"overconfidence","score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-making","display_name":"decision-making","score":0.3959999978542328}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158981924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3799353","display_name":"Escalation of commitment","level":2,"score":0.9020917415618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50817715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79895177","display_name":"Regret","level":2,"score":0.8425997495651245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7768051624298096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776056953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1182511","display_name":"De-escalation","level":2,"score":0.6996788382530212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5939075946807861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.544219970703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07828599214553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000339","descriptor_name":"Affect","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001290","descriptor_name":"Attitude","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005544","descriptor_name":"Forecasting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011584","descriptor_name":"Psychology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012919","descriptor_name":"Social Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0146167208322559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208322559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208322559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187348256","display_name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","issn_l":"0146-1672","issn":["0146-1672","1552-7433"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18755921","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18755921","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Personality & social psychology bulletin","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W576153743","https://openalex.org/W612372977","https://openalex.org/W1538545935","https://openalex.org/W1569617680","https://openalex.org/W1589728983","https://openalex.org/W1605236966","https://openalex.org/W1966114254","https://openalex.org/W1971776235","https://openalex.org/W1979506848","https://openalex.org/W1984877325","https://openalex.org/W1985724153","https://openalex.org/W1989693450","https://openalex.org/W1993038784","https://openalex.org/W1998085889","https://openalex.org/W2006397401","https://openalex.org/W2019591258","https://openalex.org/W2030475984","https://openalex.org/W2044326486","https://openalex.org/W2045598034","https://openalex.org/W2051411313","https://openalex.org/W2055686742","https://openalex.org/W2057980697","https://openalex.org/W2058139351","https://openalex.org/W2059398616","https://openalex.org/W2068959560","https://openalex.org/W2070186120","https://openalex.org/W2070960021","https://openalex.org/W2081965795","https://openalex.org/W2083100616","https://openalex.org/W2088155659","https://openalex.org/W2096456439","https://openalex.org/W2098166265","https://openalex.org/W2101954211","https://openalex.org/W2111992216","https://openalex.org/W2112397712","https://openalex.org/W2114181763","https://openalex.org/W2117163273","https://openalex.org/W2122697758","https://openalex.org/W2125891438","https://openalex.org/W2129866566","https://openalex.org/W2130134154","https://openalex.org/W2130173750","https://openalex.org/W2145035509","https://openalex.org/W2145525397","https://openalex.org/W2146339376","https://openalex.org/W2156825416","https://openalex.org/W2157084479","https://openalex.org/W2161450943","https://openalex.org/W2162971676","https://openalex.org/W2169517738","https://openalex.org/W2171507395","https://openalex.org/W2419167570","https://openalex.org/W2492742972","https://openalex.org/W2955541030","https://openalex.org/W2955599012","https://openalex.org/W3003512732","https://openalex.org/W3122130492","https://openalex.org/W4211028057","https://openalex.org/W4230957748","https://openalex.org/W4234469097","https://openalex.org/W4248516174","https://openalex.org/W4252558321","https://openalex.org/W4255683652","https://openalex.org/W4299601558","https://openalex.org/W4300107936"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057980697","https://openalex.org/W3122130492","https://openalex.org/W2234832717","https://openalex.org/W2104473855","https://openalex.org/W1511740900","https://openalex.org/W2089236105","https://openalex.org/W2808091470","https://openalex.org/W2279534108","https://openalex.org/W7000442991","https://openalex.org/W2378270276"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1],"examines":[2],"preinvestment":[3],"forecasting":[4,29,86,99],"processes":[5,30],"in":[6,24],"escalation":[7,25,44,88],"of":[8,51,85,93],"commitment,":[9],"considering":[10],"two":[11],"questions:":[12],"whether":[13],"individuals":[14,41,59],"are":[15],"able":[16],"to":[17,34,68],"accurately":[18],"predict":[19,74],"their":[20,43,47],"behavior":[21],"and":[22,27,45,82,89,97],"affect":[23],"situations":[26],"how":[28],"may":[31],"be":[32],"linked":[33],"actual":[35],"escalation.":[36,75],"Three":[37],"experiments":[38,53],"demonstrated":[39],"that":[40,56],"underpredicted":[42],"overpredicted":[46],"postescalation":[48],"regret.":[49],"Two":[50],"the":[52,57,63,80,91],"also":[54],"indicated":[55],"less":[58],"predicted":[60],"being":[61],"entrapped,":[62],"more":[64],"they":[65],"escalated.":[66],"Counter":[67],"expectations,":[69],"anticipated":[70],"regret":[71],"did":[72],"not":[73],"The":[76],"discussion":[77],"focuses":[78],"on":[79,87,90],"theoretical":[81],"practical":[83],"importance":[84,92],"understanding":[94],"both":[95],"behavioral":[96],"affective":[98],"effects":[100],"simultaneously.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
