{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1981102532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/qad.0b013e3282fbd203","title":"Risk factors for grade 3 or 4 gamma-glutamyl transferase elevation in HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients","display_name":"Risk factors for grade 3 or 4 gamma-glutamyl transferase elevation in HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1981102532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/qad.0b013e3282fbd203","mag":"1981102532","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18525274"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/qad.0b013e3282fbd203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/qad.0b013e3282fbd203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/qad.0b013e3282fbd203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20605092","display_name":"AIDS","issn_l":"0269-9370","issn":["0269-9370","1473-5571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIDS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089539215","display_name":"Firouz\u00e9 Bani\u2010Sadr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-866X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-866X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102928","display_name":"H\u00f4pital Saint-Antoine","ror":"https://ror.org/01875pg84","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210102928"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Firouz\u00e9 Bani-Sadr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Est, INSERM U 707, Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC-Paris 6) Paris, France","to Dr Firouz\u00e9 Bani-Sadr, INSERM U707, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine H\u00f4pital Saint Antoine, 27 rue de Chaligny, 75 475 Paris Cedex 12, France. Tel: +33 1 56 01 74 03/74 21; fax: +33 1 56 01 74 23; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Est, INSERM U 707, Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC-Paris 6) Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"to Dr Firouz\u00e9 Bani-Sadr, INSERM U707, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine H\u00f4pital Saint Antoine, 27 rue de Chaligny, 75 475 Paris Cedex 12, France. Tel: +33 1 56 01 74 03/74 21; fax: +33 1 56 01 74 23; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I4210102928"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030725109","display_name":"Patrick Miailhes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7979-3829","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7979-3829"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163327","display_name":"H\u00f4tel-Dieu de Lyon","ror":"https://ror.org/04sx7v519","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163327"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Miailhes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre Hospitalier Universitaire H\u00f4tel-Dieu, Lyon, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire H\u00f4tel-Dieu, Lyon, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107863295","display_name":"\u00c9. Rosenthal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018988418","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice","ror":"https://ror.org/05qsjq305","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018988418"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Rosenthal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018988418"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064601780","display_name":"Yazdan Yazdanpanah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9445-1117","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9445-1117","https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2402-643X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115387","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing","ror":"https://ror.org/02carhc19","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115387"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yazdan Yazdanpanah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, Tourcoing, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, Tourcoing, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111612438","display_name":"L. Boyer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100260","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional et Universitaire de Nancy","ror":"https://ror.org/016ncsr12","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100260"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurence Boyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100260"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009181226","display_name":"David Zucman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7682-0115","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7682-0115"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156825","display_name":"H\u00f4pital Foch","ror":"https://ror.org/058td2q88","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156825"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Zucman","raw_affiliation_strings":["H\u00f4pital Foch, Suresnes, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"H\u00f4pital Foch, Suresnes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037078532","display_name":"P. Cacoub","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6727-4992","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6727-4992"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405276670","display_name":"Laboratoire de Biologie et Th\u00e9rapeutique des Pathologies Immunitaires","ror":"https://ror.org/05wa6kx94","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4387156255","https://openalex.org/I4405264447","https://openalex.org/I4405276670"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrice Cacoub","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Est, UMR 7087, Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC-Paris 6) Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Est, UMR 7087, Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC-Paris 6) Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405264447","https://openalex.org/I4405276670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111937239","display_name":"Christian Perronne","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134648","display_name":"H\u00f4pital Raymond-Poincar\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/03pef0w96","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210134648"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Perronne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Raymond Poincar\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Versailles, Garches, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Raymond Poincar\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Versailles, Garches, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134648"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076282431","display_name":"Stanislas Pol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9772-9591","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9772-9591","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0763-0411"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387156284","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Descartes","ror":"https://ror.org/0220k9r37","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I4387156284"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stanislas Pol","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Universit\u00e9 Paris 5, INSERM U370, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Universit\u00e9 Paris 5, INSERM U370, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I4387156284"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106821635","display_name":"Fabrice Carrat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8672-7918","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8672-7918"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264447","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre-et-Marie-Curie","ror":"https://ror.org/01yvrd251","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrice Carrat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Est, INSERM U 707, Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC-Paris 6) Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Est, INSERM U 707, Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC-Paris 6) Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089539215"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I4210102928","https://openalex.org/I4405264447"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3031,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8146659,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"10","first_page":"1234","last_page":"1236"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10351","display_name":"Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gamma-glutamyl-transferase","display_name":"gamma-glutamyl transferase","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-hcv-coinfection","display_name":"HIV/HCV coinfection","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-c-virus","display_name":"hepatitis C virus","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-enzymes","display_name":"liver enzymes","score":0.3799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiretroviral-therapy","display_name":"antiretroviral therapy","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatotoxicity","display_name":"hepatotoxicity","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-fibrosis","display_name":"liver fibrosis","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatocyte-growth-factor","display_name":"hepatocyte growth factor","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-load","display_name":"viral load","score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-count","display_name":"CD4 count","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alanine-aminotransferase","display_name":"alanine aminotransferase","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkaline-phosphatase","display_name":"alkaline phosphatase","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-function-tests","display_name":"liver function tests","score":0.46399998664855957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6997601985931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.6103037595748901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5846725702285767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5748008489608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776408679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708693","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus","level":3,"score":0.5462103486061096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12868164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424533","display_name":"Mann\u2013Whitney U test","level":2,"score":0.5382925868034363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144301174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7893852","display_name":"Univariate analysis","level":3,"score":0.5358608365058899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776455275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154869","display_name":"Hepatitis C","level":2,"score":0.4554022550582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191093355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9250577","display_name":"Exact test","level":2,"score":0.44432929158210754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Statistical significance","level":2,"score":0.4340013861656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4247288703918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38180746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.4070983827114105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.21126437187194824}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004812","descriptor_name":"Epidemiologic Methods","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005723","descriptor_name":"gamma-Glutamyltransferase","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019698","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis C, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019698","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis C, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D023241","descriptor_name":"Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/qad.0b013e3282fbd203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/qad.0b013e3282fbd203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/qad.0b013e3282fbd203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20605092","display_name":"AIDS","issn_l":"0269-9370","issn":["0269-9370","1473-5571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIDS","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18525274","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18525274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIDS (London, England)","raw_type":"Letter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307875","display_name":"Styrelsen f\u00f6r Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete","ror":"https://ror.org/01fn7me06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310985","display_name":"Sidaction","ror":"https://ror.org/04z6q9z55"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013907757","https://openalex.org/W2015229578","https://openalex.org/W2036891173","https://openalex.org/W2046673627","https://openalex.org/W2097073538","https://openalex.org/W2113643689","https://openalex.org/W2117854303","https://openalex.org/W2140114084","https://openalex.org/W2423131576"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080375408","https://openalex.org/W2046712563","https://openalex.org/W2075145016","https://openalex.org/W2076685343","https://openalex.org/W1990320853","https://openalex.org/W7000307467","https://openalex.org/W2033260005","https://openalex.org/W2092993785","https://openalex.org/W8530506","https://openalex.org/W2044570337"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Serum":[0,293],"gamma-glutamyl":[1],"transferase":[2],"(GGT)":[3],"levels":[4,80,257,285,294,312,487,553,585,610,657,674,681],"are":[5,205,591,684,709],"frequently":[6],"elevated":[7,78,643,757],"in":[8,63,87,168,173,207,253,267,279,306,315,495,504,532,542,557,573,580,608,614,640,660,686,691,749,852],"HIV/hepatitis":[9],"C":[10],"virus":[11],"(HCV)-coinfected":[12],"patients":[13,105,204,230,254,281,323,502,508,537,547,558,615,641,689,693,769,782,789,801,854],"but":[14,286],"the":[15,30,42,49,74,134,177,202,212,268,280,290,307,316,326,340,368,393,403,408,414,418,426,491,499,535,545,700,703,734,767,831],"significance":[16],"of":[17,29,35,68,76,84,179,194,201,239,295,321,396,411,428,498,534,544,586,600,682,702,736,766,781,788,833],"this":[18,69,505,652,771],"abnormality":[19],"is":[20,27,577,597,725],"unclear.":[21],"In":[22,39,436],"HIV-monoinfected":[23,692],"patients,":[24,41,90],"liver":[25,696,742,835],"toxicity":[26],"one":[28],"most":[31],"problematic":[32],"adverse":[33],"effects":[34],"antiretroviral":[36,102,234,412,525,617],"therapy":[37,618],"[1].":[38,723,744],"HCV-monoinfected":[40],"GGT":[43,79,114,154,213,246,256,284,327,334,378,388,484,486,528,552,594,609,644,673,758,775,842],"level":[44,115,155,214,247,275,335,529,645,759],"has":[45,60,611,637,675,760],"been":[46,61,612,638,676,763],"linked":[47],"to":[48,72,92,112,129,147,211,325,512,519,605,626,629,650],"hepatocyte":[50],"growth":[51],"factor":[52],"level,":[53],"which":[54,737],"rises":[55],"as":[56,654,849],"fibrosis":[57,814,836],"progresses":[58],"and":[59,91,101,117,133,158,198,228,262,300,310,360,371,398,424,430,432,467,518,541,563,576,672,707,729,756,786,806,846,876],"implicated":[62],"fibrogenesis":[64],"[2].":[65],"The":[66,104,120,196,244,271,380,527,745,796],"aim":[67],"study":[70,751,865],"was":[71,127,137,248,276,336,530,866],"determine":[73],"prevalence":[75],"markedly":[77],"[>5":[81],"upper":[82,493],"limit":[83,494],"normal":[85,291,317,492],"(ULN)]":[86],"395":[88,203,500],"HIV/HCV-coinfected":[89,322,501,853],"examine":[93],"possible":[94,149],"interactions":[95],"with":[96,164,189,255,282,339,376,386,482,619,642,770,778,783,790,802],"host":[97],"factors,":[98,100],"viral":[99,348,434],"treatment.":[103],"were":[106,145,171,187,232,302,313,373,383,509,554,648,658,809],"stratified":[107],"into":[108],"two":[109,308],"groups":[110],"according":[111,210,324],"their":[113,850],"(\u22645":[116,215],">5":[118],"ULN).":[119],"chi-square":[121],"test":[122,126,136,148],"or":[123,523,621,628,793,860],"Fisher's":[124],"exact":[125],"used":[128,138,146],"analyze":[130],"qualitative":[131],"variables,":[132],"Mann\u2013Whitney":[135],"for":[139,236,422,830],"quantitative":[140],"variables.":[141],"Logistic":[142],"regression":[143],"models":[144,175],"associations":[150],"between":[151,668,752,800],"a":[152,180,190,237,332,569,666,810],"high":[153,283,333,377,387,483,531,669,774],"(outcome":[156],"variable)":[157],"baseline":[159,342,404],"characteristics":[160,200],"(input":[161],"variables).":[162],"Characteristics":[163,320],"P-values":[165],"below":[166,350],"0.05":[167],"univariate":[169],"analysis":[170,329],"included":[172],"multivariate":[174,437],"on":[176],"basis":[178],"backward":[181],"elimination":[182],"procedure.":[183],"All":[184],"statistical":[185],"tests":[186],"two-sided,":[188],"type":[191],"I":[192],"error":[193],"5%.":[195],"demographic":[197],"biological":[199],"shown":[206],"Table":[208],"1":[209,785],"ULN,":[216,222],"n":[217,223],"=":[218,224,445,451,454,458,462,470,474,477,824],"332;":[219],">":[220],"5":[221,260],"63).":[225],"Three":[226],"hundred":[227],"twenty-five":[229],"(82.3%)":[231],"receiving":[233,521,538,548,559],"therapy,":[235],"mean":[238,245,272,394,409,419,812],"4.4":[240],"\u00b1":[241,250,264,817,821],"3.3":[242],"years.":[243],"8.2":[249],"3.5":[251],"ULN":[252,261,266],"higher":[258,278,634,685],"than":[259,690],"1.9":[263],"1.2":[265],"other":[269,587,807],"patients.":[270],"alkaline":[273],"phosphatase":[274],"also":[277,314],"it":[287],"remained":[288,479],"within":[289],"range.":[292],"alanine":[296],"aminotransferase,":[297],"aspartate":[298],"aminotransferase":[299],"bilirubin":[301,311],"not":[303,384,761],"significantly":[304,337,374,480,633],"different":[305],"groups,":[309],"range.Table":[318],"1:":[319],"level.Univariate":[328],"showed":[330],"that":[331,716,840],"associated":[338,375,385,481],"following":[341,381],"variables:":[343],"HCV":[344,399,415,433,439,514,753,803],"genotype":[345,440,515,754,772,784,791,804],"4,":[346],"HIV":[347,397],"load":[349],"400":[351],"copies/ml,":[352],"nucleoside":[353],"reverse":[354,362],"transcriptase":[355,363],"inhibitor":[356,359,364,625],"(NRTI),":[357],"protease":[358,624,664],"nonnucleoside":[361],"(NNRTI)":[365],"exposure.":[366],"Among":[367],"NRTIs,":[369],"didanosine":[370],"abacavir":[372,468,861],"levels.":[379,485],"factors":[382],"levels:":[389],"age,":[390],"sex,":[391],"BMI,":[392],"duration":[395,410],"infection,":[400],"AIDS":[401],"status,":[402],"CD4":[405],"cell":[406],"count,":[407],"treatment,":[413],"transmission":[416],"group,":[417],"METAVIR":[420,813],"scores":[421],"necroinflammation":[423],"fibrosis,":[425],"presence":[427],"cirrhosis":[429],"steatosis,":[431],"load.":[435],"analysis,":[438],"4":[441,516,755,805],"[odds":[442],"ratio":[443],"(OR)":[444],"4.02,":[446],"95%":[447,460,472],"confidence":[448],"interval":[449],"(CI)":[450],"1.86\u20138.70;":[452],"P":[453,464,476,823],"0.0004],":[455],"NNRTIs":[456,708],"(OR":[457,469],"6.75,":[459],"CI":[461,473],"3.65\u201312.48;":[463],"<":[465],"0.0001)":[466],"2.75":[471],"1.24\u20136.11;":[475],"0.0129)":[478],"exceeded":[488],"five":[489],"times":[490],"63":[496],"(15.9%)":[497],"enrolled":[503],"study.":[506,662],"These":[507,826],"more":[510],"likely":[511],"have":[513,828],"infection":[517],"be":[520,739,856],"NNRTI-containing":[522,539],"abacavir-containing":[524,549],"regimens.":[526,550,567],"34.0%":[533],"123":[536],"regimens":[540],"28.8%":[543],"45":[546],"High":[551],"similarly":[555],"frequent":[556],"nevirapine":[560],"(NVP)":[561],"(30.1%)-containing":[562],"efavirenz":[564],"(EFV)":[565],"(36.5%)-containing":[566],"GGT,":[568],"membrane-bound":[570],"enzyme,":[571],"participates":[572],"glutathione":[574],"metabolism":[575,582],"indirectly":[578],"involved":[579],"drug":[581,656],"[3].":[583],"When":[584],"cholestasis":[588],"marker":[589],"enzymes":[590],"normal,":[592],"increased":[593],"serum":[595,655],"activity":[596,735],"probably":[598],"because":[599],"enzyme":[601],"induction.":[602],"A":[603,632],"two-":[604],"three-fold":[606],"increase":[607],"observed":[613,639,748],"starting":[616],"NVP":[620,627,635],"switching":[622],"from":[623],"EFV":[630],"[4,5].":[631],"concentration":[636],"[6].":[646],"We":[647],"unable":[649],"confirm":[651],"finding,":[653],"unavailable":[659],"our":[661,750],"Regarding":[663],"inhibitors,":[665],"correlation":[667],"plasma":[670,680],"lopinavir":[671],"noted":[677],"[7].":[678],"Elsewhere,":[679],"NNRTI":[683,721,859],"HIV/HCV":[687],"co-infected":[688],"[8].":[694],"Chronic":[695],"disease":[697,743],"may":[698],"affect":[699,720],"activities":[701],"various":[704],"CYP":[705,713],"isoforms,":[706,714],"differentially":[710],"metabolized":[711,726],"by":[712,727,730,741,858,868],"implying":[715],"hepatic":[717],"dysfunction":[718],"could":[719,855],"pharmacokinetics":[722],"Abacavir":[724],"UDP-glucuronyltransferases":[728],"cytosolic":[731],"alcohol":[732],"dehydrogenase,":[733],"can":[738],"affected":[740,857],"independent":[746],"link":[747],"previously":[762],"reported:":[764],"29.4%":[765],"51":[768],"had":[773],"levels,":[776],"compared":[777],"only":[779,797],"16%":[780],"10.4%":[787],"2":[792],"3":[794],"infection.":[795],"significant":[798],"differences":[799],"genotypes":[808],"lower":[811],"score":[815],"(2.03":[816],"0.79":[818],"versus":[819],"2.37":[820],"1.02;":[822],"0.03).":[825],"findings":[827],"implications":[829],"use":[832],"noninvasive":[834],"biomarker":[837],"scoring":[838],"systems":[839],"include":[841],"(fibrotest,":[843],"forns,":[844],"fibrometer":[845],"hepascore)":[847],"[9],":[848],"performance":[851],"therapy.":[862],"Acknowledgement":[863],"This":[864],"supported":[867],"Agence":[869],"Nationale":[870],"de":[871],"Recherche":[872],"sur":[873],"le":[874],"SIDA":[875],"SIDACTION.":[877]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}