{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1980808995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/76.5.1624","title":"Erik Barnouw. The Image Empire. (A History of Broadcasting in the United States. Volume 3\u2014from 1953.) New York: Oxford University Press. 1970. Pp. 396. $9.75","display_name":"Erik Barnouw. The Image Empire. (A History of Broadcasting in the United States. Volume 3\u2014from 1953.) New York: Oxford University Press. 1970. Pp. 396. $9.75","publication_year":1971,"publication_date":"1971-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1980808995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/76.5.1624","mag":"1980808995"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/ahr/76.5.1624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/76.5.1624","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/76.5.1624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197437610","display_name":"The American Historical Review","issn_l":"0002-8762","issn":["0002-8762","1937-5239"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Historical Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088239623","display_name":"Lee W. Huebner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee W. Huebner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001632981","display_name":"Erik Barnouw","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik Barnouw","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4620,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4620},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"76","issue":"5","first_page":"1624","last_page":"1624"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13766","display_name":"Media, Journalism, and Communication History","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13766","display_name":"Media, Journalism, and Communication History","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10133","display_name":"News Media Framing and Political Communication","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13025","display_name":"American History and Culture","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-broadcasting","display_name":"broadcasting history","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/television-history","display_name":"television history","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-imperialism","display_name":"American imperialism","score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-broadcasting","display_name":"international broadcasting","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-war","display_name":"Cold War","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-imperialism","display_name":"cultural imperialism","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/news-broadcasting","display_name":"news broadcasting","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-broadcasting","display_name":"educational broadcasting","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postwar-america","display_name":"postwar United States","score":0.4320000112056732}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778495208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48349","display_name":"Empire","level":2,"score":0.831169605255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775899829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109007","display_name":"Globe","level":2,"score":0.7946325540542603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512170562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173799","display_name":"Entertainment","level":2,"score":0.7510075569152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778571376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1355821","display_name":"Frontier","level":2,"score":0.7013574242591858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5645636320114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.5136041641235352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.4441315233707428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992860105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7631392","display_name":"Subject matter","level":3,"score":0.43458056449890137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.41028687357902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.39400649070739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.3726646304130554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6303427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47398","display_name":"Economic history","level":1,"score":0.3482367992401123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2410401999950409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.20672321319580078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.19048979878425598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.14073684811592102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.11642196774482727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.09108233451843262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.08686119318008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/ahr/76.5.1624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/76.5.1624","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/76.5.1624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197437610","display_name":"The American Historical Review","issn_l":"0002-8762","issn":["0002-8762","1937-5239"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Historical Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/1870655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1870655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1870655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197437610","display_name":"The American Historical Review","issn_l":"0002-8762","issn":["0002-8762","1937-5239"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Historical Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2797943026","https://openalex.org/W2019814265","https://openalex.org/W2055239623","https://openalex.org/W1835799183","https://openalex.org/W2488795084","https://openalex.org/W379699500","https://openalex.org/W6982211541","https://openalex.org/W2493595475","https://openalex.org/W2314422382","https://openalex.org/W4236932349"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,68,93,112,118,125],"iQSo's,":[2],"in":[3,92,106,111],"a":[4,46,84,87],"frontier":[5],"atmosphere":[6],"of":[7,34,86,95,99,104,121,127],"enterprise":[8],"and":[9,29,61,110],"sharp":[10],"struggle,":[11],"an":[12],"American":[13,27,50,59,108],"television":[14,43],"system":[15],"took":[16],"shape.":[17],"But":[18],"even":[19],"as":[20],"it":[21,116],"did":[22],"so,":[23],"itspioneers":[24],"pushed":[25],"beyond":[26],"borders":[28],"became":[30],"programmers":[31],"to":[32],"scores":[33],"other":[35,96],"nations.":[36],"In":[37],"its":[38],"first":[39],"decade":[40],"United":[41,89],"States":[42,90],"was":[44],"already":[45],"world":[47],"phenomenon.":[48],"Since":[49],"radio":[51],"had":[52,56],"for":[53],"some":[54],"time":[55],"international":[57],"ramifications,":[58],"images":[60],"sounds":[62],"were":[63,71,79,83],"radiatingfrom":[64],"transmitter":[65],"towers":[66],"throughout":[67],"globe.":[69],"They":[70,82],"called":[72],"entertainment":[73],"or":[74,76],"news":[75],"education":[77],"but":[78],"always":[80],"more.":[81],"reflection":[85],"growing":[88],"involvement":[91,98],"lives":[94],"nationsan":[97],"imperial":[100],"scope.":[101],"The":[102,122],"role":[103],"broadcasters":[105],"this":[107,131],"expansion":[109],"era":[113],"that":[114],"produced":[115],"is":[117],"subject":[119],"matter":[120],"Image":[123],"Empire,":[124],"last":[126],"three":[128],"volumes":[129],"comprising":[130],"study.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}