{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1980763440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jmd-02-2014-0019","title":"The business school model: a flawed organizational design?","display_name":"The business school model: a flawed organizational design?","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1980763440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jmd-02-2014-0019","mag":"1980763440"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/jmd-02-2014-0019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jmd-02-2014-0019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jmd-02-2014-0019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204305389","display_name":"Journal of Management Development","issn_l":"0262-1711","issn":["0262-1711","1758-7492"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Management Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024848787","display_name":"J.\u2010C. Spender","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0803-4622","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0803-4622"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111398093","display_name":"Kozminski University","ror":"https://ror.org/033wpf256","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111398093"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J.C. Spender","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kozminski University, Warsaw, Poland","Ko\u017cminski University, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kozminski University, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111398093"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ko\u017cminski University, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111398093"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024848787"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111398093"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3988,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93789924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"5","first_page":"429","last_page":"442"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13235","display_name":"Management Theory and Practice","score":0.7124000191688538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13235","display_name":"Management Theory and Practice","score":0.7124000191688538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12671","display_name":"Management and Marketing Education","score":0.25270000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10344","display_name":"Management and Organizational Studies","score":0.01889999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-schools","display_name":"business schools","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-design","display_name":"organizational design","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/managerial-judgment","display_name":"managerial judgment","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-of-the-firm","display_name":"theory of the firm","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knightian-uncertainty","display_name":"Knightian uncertainty","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-education","display_name":"management education","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-school-curriculum","display_name":"business school curriculum","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-rationality","display_name":"management rationality","score":0.6169999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201717286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938185","display_name":"Rationality","level":2,"score":0.6640845537185669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6004622578620911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776950860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914681","display_name":"Originality","level":3,"score":0.5572096109390259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71140485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2943226","display_name":"Knight","level":2,"score":0.5530635714530945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5127183198928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3718832731246948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3621790409088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.33584609627723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3311290740966797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2824960947036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.23484936356544495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.10361436009407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/jmd-02-2014-0019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jmd-02-2014-0019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jmd-02-2014-0019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204305389","display_name":"Journal of Management Development","issn_l":"0262-1711","issn":["0262-1711","1758-7492"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Management Development","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116826667","https://openalex.org/W296242550","https://openalex.org/W380790665","https://openalex.org/W597022276","https://openalex.org/W625647493","https://openalex.org/W656823977","https://openalex.org/W1496108197","https://openalex.org/W1501319145","https://openalex.org/W1501398819","https://openalex.org/W1507159783","https://openalex.org/W1532247559","https://openalex.org/W1533633778","https://openalex.org/W1540431708","https://openalex.org/W1564462739","https://openalex.org/W1566004136","https://openalex.org/W1574294169","https://openalex.org/W1589779617","https://openalex.org/W1591958844","https://openalex.org/W1789388849","https://openalex.org/W1964948242","https://openalex.org/W1968110527","https://openalex.org/W1970066470","https://openalex.org/W1983239787","https://openalex.org/W1984123108","https://openalex.org/W1990620097","https://openalex.org/W2012392693","https://openalex.org/W2018872376","https://openalex.org/W2019147893","https://openalex.org/W2024135760","https://openalex.org/W2027159365","https://openalex.org/W2035647663","https://openalex.org/W2038837236","https://openalex.org/W2041095458","https://openalex.org/W2043367906","https://openalex.org/W2056479816","https://openalex.org/W2060781210","https://openalex.org/W2060827592","https://openalex.org/W2074174183","https://openalex.org/W2084790125","https://openalex.org/W2086245635","https://openalex.org/W2100192000","https://openalex.org/W2103759824","https://openalex.org/W2104868733","https://openalex.org/W2108360848","https://openalex.org/W2110657317","https://openalex.org/W2125460390","https://openalex.org/W2127235295","https://openalex.org/W2165744048","https://openalex.org/W2169997196","https://openalex.org/W2335387857","https://openalex.org/W2346907984","https://openalex.org/W2478551032","https://openalex.org/W2732540589","https://openalex.org/W3023598206","https://openalex.org/W3122102848","https://openalex.org/W3122440531","https://openalex.org/W3123082588","https://openalex.org/W3124198290","https://openalex.org/W4206371701","https://openalex.org/W4230887674","https://openalex.org/W4237584658","https://openalex.org/W4238503874","https://openalex.org/W4240332099","https://openalex.org/W4242765717","https://openalex.org/W4255718287","https://openalex.org/W4256472837","https://openalex.org/W4388078748","https://openalex.org/W4388080258","https://openalex.org/W4388150687","https://openalex.org/W4388371580","https://openalex.org/W6634312035"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W117916114","https://openalex.org/W1580011225","https://openalex.org/W2004588677","https://openalex.org/W2018390996","https://openalex.org/W4384436757","https://openalex.org/W2222709539","https://openalex.org/W2129103635","https://openalex.org/W177547344","https://openalex.org/W4412313388","https://openalex.org/W2271535018"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"\u2013":[1,82,106,159],"There":[2],"has":[3,169],"been":[4,172],"considerable":[5],"discussion":[6,86],"recently":[7],"about":[8,98],"business":[9,41,99],"schools\u2019":[10,100],"shortcomings":[11],"and":[12,28,37,60,93,102,124],"how":[13],"their":[14],"curriculum":[15,103],"should":[16],"be":[17],"changed.":[18],"Many":[19],"presume":[20,109],"discipline-wide":[21],"agreement":[22],"that":[23,65,141],"managing":[24,94,118],"is":[25,52,69,76,119,128],"a":[26,62,175,187],"rational":[27,112],"model-able":[29],"decision-making":[30],"practice.":[31],"But":[32,139],"practitioners":[33],"are":[34,43,111,147,162,200],"not":[35,170],"convinced":[36],"often":[38],"suggest":[39],"rationality-dominated":[40],"schools":[42,140],"teaching":[44],"impractical":[45],"ideas.":[46],"The":[47,83,183],"purpose":[48],"of":[49,87,91,136,164,177,181,190],"this":[50,56],"paper":[51,84,184],"to":[53,71,143,150],"look":[54],"at":[55],"discussion's":[57],"micro":[58],"foundations":[59],"offers":[61],"novel":[63,188],"approach":[64],"presumes":[66],"managerial":[67,131],"judgment":[68,132,146],"crucial":[70],"firms\u2019":[72],"processes":[73],"and,":[74],"indeed,":[75],"the":[77,88,134,137,154,178,191],"reason":[78],"firms":[79,92,110],"exist.":[80],"Design/methodology/approach":[81],"combines":[85],"conceptual":[89],"nature":[90],"them":[95],"with":[96],"data":[97],"growth":[101],"evolution.":[104],"Findings":[105],"If":[107],"we":[108],"apparatus":[113],"for":[114],"achieving":[115],"known":[116],"goals,":[117],"little":[120],"more":[121],"than":[122],"computing;":[123],"if":[125],"Knightian":[126],"uncertainty":[127],"taken":[129],"seriously,":[130],"becomes":[133],"core":[135],"analysis.":[138],"attempt":[142],"train":[144],"students\u2019":[145],"extraordinarily":[148],"difficult":[149],"manage,":[151],"especially":[152],"in":[153,195],"current":[155],"academic":[156],"environment.":[157],"Originality/value":[158],"While":[160],"many":[161],"aware":[163],"Knight's":[165],"influential":[166],"thinking,":[167],"it":[168],"yet":[171],"brought":[173],"into":[174],"theory":[176,189],"firm":[179,193],"or":[180],"managing.":[182],"works":[185],"toward":[186],"managed":[192],"(TMF)":[194],"which":[196],"management's":[197],"uncertainty-resolving":[198],"judgments":[199],"key.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}