{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1980489197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1912590","title":"A Masking Noise with Speech-Envelope Characteristics for Studying Intelligibility","display_name":"A Masking Noise with Speech-Envelope Characteristics for Studying Intelligibility","publication_year":1971,"publication_date":"1971-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1980489197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1912590","mag":"1980489197","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5125732"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1121/1.1912590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1912590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1912590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11296630","display_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","issn_l":"0001-4966","issn":["0001-4966","1520-8524","1520-9024"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320226","host_organization_name":"Acoustical Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320226"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Acoustical Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103456105","display_name":"Yoshiyuki Horii","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshiyuki Horii","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana 47907"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana 47907","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111853921","display_name":"Arthur S. House","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arthur S. House","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana 47907"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana 47907","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103413932","display_name":"George W. Hughes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George W. Hughes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana 47907"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana 47907","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21282799,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"6B","first_page":"1849","last_page":"1856"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.6948000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.6948000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.19009999930858612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10283","display_name":"Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation","score":0.0617000013589859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-intelligibility","display_name":"speech intelligibility","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/masking-noise","display_name":"masking noise","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-envelope","display_name":"speech envelope","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude-envelope","display_name":"amplitude envelope","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"signal-to-noise ratio","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-perception-in-noise","display_name":"speech perception in noise","score":0.5049999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.7148642539978027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112633086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381287","display_name":"White noise","level":2,"score":0.5970748066902161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.5730144381523132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5661511421203613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65155139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380912","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","level":3,"score":0.5516128540039062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1433889","display_name":"Intelligibility (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5398987531661987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778203577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38035","display_name":"Consonant","level":3,"score":0.5180795192718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204358264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5329","display_name":"Decibel","level":2,"score":0.5110651254653931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779581591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36244","display_name":"Vowel","level":2,"score":0.5040232539176941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.501549482345581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4654940068721771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3354652225971222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3237057328224182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1419299840927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13518178462982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.056577205657958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001307","descriptor_name":"Auditory Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009622","descriptor_name":"Noise","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013060","descriptor_name":"Speech","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1121/1.1912590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1912590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1912590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11296630","display_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","issn_l":"0001-4966","issn":["0001-4966","1520-8524","1520-9024"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320226","host_organization_name":"Acoustical Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320226"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Acoustical Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:5125732","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5125732","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056395444","https://openalex.org/W2014473829","https://openalex.org/W2073825269","https://openalex.org/W6983622720","https://openalex.org/W2399857936","https://openalex.org/W2041473264","https://openalex.org/W1964221498","https://openalex.org/W2334844215","https://openalex.org/W2329161370","https://openalex.org/W3038909737"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"noise":[1,18,69,74],"whose":[2],"amplitude":[3,21,43],"envelope":[4,22,44],"followed":[5],"closely":[6],"that":[7,120],"of":[8,23,41,53,80,86,103,122,129],"a":[9,35],"concomitant":[10],"speech":[11,47],"signal":[12],"was":[13,48],"generated":[14],"by":[15],"multiplying":[16],"white":[17,73],"and":[19,50,56,70,91,95,114,118],"the":[20,24,27,42,51,54,78,84,87,109,123,130],"speech,":[25],"permitting":[26],"signal-to-noise":[28],"(S/N)":[29],"ratio":[30],"to":[31],"be":[32],"specified":[33],"on":[34],"short-time":[36],"nonvarying":[37],"basis.":[38],"The":[39,105],"spectrum":[40],"for":[45,89],"continuous":[46,72],"studied,":[49,83],"distributions":[52],"vowel":[55],"consonant":[57],"levels":[58],"in":[59,67,71,100],"articulation":[60],"test":[61],"materials":[62],"were":[63,75,93],"determined.":[64],"Articulation":[65],"functions":[66,88],"such":[68],"generated.":[76],"Within":[77],"range":[79],"S/N":[81],"ratios":[82],"gains":[85],"vowels":[90],"consonants":[92],"4%":[94],"2.5%":[96],"per":[97],"decibel,":[98],"respectively,":[99],"both":[101],"types":[102],"noises.":[104],"results":[106],"clearly":[107],"depict":[108],"operational":[110],"differences":[111],"between":[112],"conventional":[113],"envelope-noise":[115,124],"S/N-ratio":[116],"specification":[117],"suggest":[119],"use":[121],"masker":[125],"may":[126],"eliminate":[127],"some":[128],"problems":[131],"associated":[132],"with":[133],"current":[134],"methods.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}