{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1980296145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.929819","title":"Permeation impact on metallization degradation","display_name":"Permeation impact on metallization degradation","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1980296145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.929819","mag":"1980296145"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.929819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.929819","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.929819","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067032969","display_name":"Cornelia Peike","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117272","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02kfzvh91","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117272","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Peike","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Solare Energiesysteme (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Solare Energiesysteme (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117272"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S. Hoffmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117272","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02kfzvh91","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117272","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Hoffmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Solare Energiesysteme (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Solare Energiesysteme (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117272"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007203823","display_name":"Philip H\u00fclsmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2393-0898","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2393-0898"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117272","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02kfzvh91","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117272","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. H\u00fclsmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Solare Energiesysteme (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Solare Energiesysteme (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117272"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043889421","display_name":"Karl\u2010Anders Wei\u00df","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-1045","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-1045"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117272","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02kfzvh91","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117272","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.-A. Wei\u00df","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Solare Energiesysteme (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Solare Energiesysteme (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117272"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103010255","display_name":"Michael Koehl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8490-0505","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8490-0505"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117272","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02kfzvh91","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117272","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Koehl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Solare Energiesysteme (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Solare Energiesysteme (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117272"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016974745","display_name":"P. Bentz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Bentz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Solar-Fabrik AG (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Solar-Fabrik AG (Germany)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4052,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44114152,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"8472","issue":null,"first_page":"84720U","last_page":"84720U"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10624","display_name":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10624","display_name":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12838","display_name":"Photovoltaic Systems and Sustainability","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10905","display_name":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-permeation","display_name":"gas permeation","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/damp-heat-aging","display_name":"damp heat aging","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encapsulant-materials","display_name":"encapsulation materials","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eva","display_name":"EVA","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-compounds","display_name":"lead compounds","score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silver-paste","display_name":"silver paste","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/busbars","display_name":"busbars","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroluminescence-imaging","display_name":"electroluminescence imaging","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raman-spectroscopy","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edx","display_name":"edX","score":0.4560000002384186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20625102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137056","display_name":"Corrosion","level":2,"score":0.8685164451599121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7894778847694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31625292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215803","display_name":"Electroluminescence","level":3,"score":0.6876465678215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158960510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180600","display_name":"Relative humidity","level":2,"score":0.623062014579773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.5458886027336121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251805","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5223290324211121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40003534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862228","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.4633188247680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.46220847964286804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118820876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4672283","display_name":"Accelerated aging","level":2,"score":0.4347568154335022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50670333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907651","display_name":"Permeation","level":3,"score":0.425099641084671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.37977367639541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.1286112368106842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.10457143187522888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.08009916543960571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.06933262944221497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.929819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.929819","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.929819","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/378946","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/378946","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988402159","https://openalex.org/W2001938105","https://openalex.org/W2028786235"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4366506351","https://openalex.org/W2078327387","https://openalex.org/W4220842420","https://openalex.org/W4393315477","https://openalex.org/W6947685596","https://openalex.org/W6929370368","https://openalex.org/W1636752027","https://openalex.org/W3013968231","https://openalex.org/W1634279180","https://openalex.org/W131822364"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,118,137],"degradation":[1,138],"of":[2,15,20,27,52,71,87,130,143,158,167,187,208,210],"the":[3,16,25,28,44,50,155,162,165,179,188,191,199,206,214],"inorganic":[4],"components":[5],"in":[6,36,41,178],"a":[7,68,109,127,168,175],"PV":[8,21,37],"module":[9,22,38],"is,":[10],"besides":[11],"polymer":[12],"degradation,":[13],"one":[14],"most":[17],"important":[18],"aspects":[19],"aging.":[23],"Especially":[24],"corrosion":[26,46,159,186,201],"cell":[29],"metallization":[30,45],"may":[31],"lead":[32,211],"to":[33,61,122,154,202],"significant":[34],"decreases":[35],"performance.":[39],"But":[40],"which":[42],"way":[43],"is":[47,55],"affected":[48],"by":[49,141],"permeation":[51,64],"atmospheric":[53],"gases":[54],"not":[56],"understood,":[57],"yet.":[58],"In":[59],"order":[60],"investigate":[62],"this":[63],"impact,":[65],"laminates":[66,119],"with":[67,108,126,205],"systematic":[69],"variation":[70],"back-sheet":[72,95],"and":[73,90,92,99,111,134,148,190],"encapsulation":[74,88],"materials":[75,96],"as":[76,78,174],"well":[77],"different":[79,85,94,101],"laminate":[80],"set-ups":[81],"were":[82,104,116,120],"made.":[83],"Two":[84],"kinds":[86],"(EVA":[89],"PVB)":[91],"four":[93],"(TAPT,":[97],"PA":[98],"two":[100,110],"TPT":[102],"foils)":[103],"used.":[105,117],"Standard":[106],"cells":[107],"three":[112],"bus":[113],"bar":[114],"set-up":[115],"subjected":[121],"damp-heat":[123,170],"aging":[124],"tests":[125],"relative":[128],"humidity":[129],"80%":[131],"at":[132],"80\u00b0C":[133],"90\u00b0C,":[135],"respectively.":[136],"was":[139,152],"investigated":[140],"means":[142],"electroluminescence":[144,180],"imaging,":[145],"Raman":[146],"spectroscopy":[147],"microscopy.":[149],"Special":[150],"attention":[151],"paid":[153],"spatial":[156],"distribution":[157],"effects":[160],"on":[161],"cell.":[163],"Furthermore,":[164],"occurrence":[166],"typical":[169],"induced":[171],"damage,":[172],"apparent":[173],"shaded":[176],"area":[177],"images,":[181],"should":[182],"be":[183,194],"investigated.":[184],"A":[185],"grid":[189,200],"ribbons":[192],"could":[193],"observed.":[195],"EDX":[196],"measurements":[197],"revealed":[198],"go":[203],"along":[204],"formation":[207],"needles":[209],"compounds":[212],"from":[213],"silver":[215],"paste.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-23T09:35:12.469056","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}