{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978953894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","title":"Should monitoring of vancomycin be delayed? A case of likely nephrotoxicity occasioned by morbid obesity and minimal monitoring","display_name":"Should monitoring of vancomycin be delayed? A case of likely nephrotoxicity occasioned by morbid obesity and minimal monitoring","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978953894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","mag":"1978953894","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21545484","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3522820"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13842274","display_name":"British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology","issn_l":"0306-5251","issn":["0306-5251","1365-2125"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016507698","display_name":"Terry E. Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-2320","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-2320"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120278","display_name":"SA Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01tg7a346","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800277939","https://openalex.org/I4210120278"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Terry E. Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmacy Department, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville South, South Australia 5011, Australia. terry.jones@health.sa.gov.au","Pharmacy Department, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville South, South Australia 5011, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacy Department, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville South, South Australia 5011, Australia. terry.jones@health.sa.gov.au","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacy Department, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville South, South Australia 5011, Australia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036247682","display_name":"Hayley M. Vasileff","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hayley Vasileff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmacy Department, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville South, South Australia 5011, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacy Department, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville South, South Australia 5011, Australia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017983967","display_name":"Cassie Hewton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cassie Hewton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmacy Department, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville South, South Australia 5011, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacy Department, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville South, South Australia 5011, Australia","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016507698"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120278"],"apc_list":{"value":4780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4780},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6718,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69414267,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"6","first_page":"1063","last_page":"1065"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11036","display_name":"Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy","score":0.9545999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11036","display_name":"Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy","score":0.9545999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10684","display_name":"Acute Kidney Injury Research","score":0.01850000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11943","display_name":"Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vancomycin-nephrotoxicity","display_name":"vancomycin nephrotoxicity","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-drug-monitoring","display_name":"therapeutic drug monitoring","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morbid-obesity","display_name":"morbid obesity","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus","display_name":"methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retroperitoneal-hematoma","display_name":"retroperitoneal hematoma","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warfarin","display_name":"warfarin","score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rectus-sheath-hematoma","display_name":"rectus sheath hematoma","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-dosing","display_name":"antibiotic dosing","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-interactions","display_name":"drug interactions","score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pneumonia","display_name":"pneumonia","score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrial-fibrillation","display_name":"atrial fibrillation","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-drug-reactions","display_name":"adverse drug reactions","score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doxylamine","display_name":"doxylamine","score":0.38499999046325684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126189478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1468324","display_name":"Nephrotoxicity","level":3,"score":0.8548000454902649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020583074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Morbid obesity","level":4,"score":0.7870292663574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778980435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424027","display_name":"Vancomycin","level":4,"score":0.7523754239082336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7484160661697388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.4355448782444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.3769567906856537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3151713013648987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.15746617317199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1051967442035675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544821477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718113","display_name":"Weight loss","level":3,"score":0.09948071837425232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779489039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188121","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","level":3,"score":0.08846700191497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001835","descriptor_name":"Body Weight","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007674","descriptor_name":"Kidney Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009767","descriptor_name":"Obesity, Morbid","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014640","descriptor_name":"Vancomycin","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014640","descriptor_name":"Vancomycin","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016903","descriptor_name":"Drug Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13842274","display_name":"British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology","issn_l":"0306-5251","issn":["0306-5251","1365-2125"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3482057","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3522820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3522820","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3522820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Br J Clin Pharmacol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:21545484","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21545484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British journal of clinical pharmacology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04006.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13842274","display_name":"British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology","issn_l":"0306-5251","issn":["0306-5251","1365-2125"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Case Report","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1978953894.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1978953894.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101859051","https://openalex.org/W1600054053","https://openalex.org/W1965469638","https://openalex.org/W2002609036","https://openalex.org/W2036129782","https://openalex.org/W2065661664","https://openalex.org/W2085510857","https://openalex.org/W2096466792","https://openalex.org/W2133120422","https://openalex.org/W2152771638","https://openalex.org/W2158657903"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901635881","https://openalex.org/W1825420268","https://openalex.org/W4200077384","https://openalex.org/W2737190756","https://openalex.org/W2108039951","https://openalex.org/W4282975317","https://openalex.org/W2046656523","https://openalex.org/W1514757491","https://openalex.org/W4393005381","https://openalex.org/W4255042574"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,183,316,348,549,587,769],"nephrotoxicity":[1,74,649,660,701],"of":[2,70,110,198,249,252,332,345,440,443,545,589,648,700,722,736,812,828,835,850,862,874,907,933,975,1006,1079,1153,1206,1273,1292],"vancomycin":[3,25,322,371,401,446,476,600,631,665,693,737,962,1007,1021,1103,1129,1262,1293],"was":[4,104,158,163,186,204,213,233,241,246,270,275,293,301,310,327,372,515,606,796,815,820,899,954,1031,1065,1304],"thought":[5,608],"to":[6,10,106,174,255,276,289,343,452,459,536,573,625,628,698,749,888,942,968,1002,1042,1098,1229,1243,1255,1300],"be":[7,84,492,505,750,969,1099,1174,1205,1256],"largely":[8],"due":[9,342,458],"impurities":[11,611],"in":[12,517,527,613,637,661,707,714,726,752,779,879,904,910,945,996,1017,1118,1140,1167,1208,1219],"older":[13],"formulations":[14,615],"but":[15,75,759,807,878],"recent":[16,78,497,519,585],"evidence":[17],"suggests":[18],"that":[19,282,555,599,686,753,787,925,1023,1055,1101,1121,1172,1215],"even":[20,396],"with":[21,143,454,633,1182,1221],"modern,":[22],"purified":[23],"formulations,":[24],"is":[26,65,464,478,486,601,761,999,1052,1089,1126,1130,1162,1188,1263],"nephrotoxic,":[27],"especially":[28,1081],"at":[29,134,312,368,507,757],"high":[30,853,1004,1020],"doses.":[31],"Recent":[32],"recommendations":[33,79],"advise":[34,80],"using":[35,715,824],"actual":[36,261,537],"body":[37,262,541],"weight":[38,263,542,687],"for":[39,45,51,67,132,150,190,278,295,329,764,841,1306],"obese":[40,99,556],"patients":[41,1209,1220],"as":[42,603,605,636,719,1041,1156,1158,1270],"the":[43,76,161,179,273,284,306,324,408,438,469,578,597,674,679,711,730,785,813,875,905,931,934,943,961,987,994,1003,1009,1018,1026,1044,1047,1063,1072,1113,1119,1189,1241,1247,1268,1274],"basis":[44],"dose":[46,308,410,490,775,861,1005,1064,1115],"size":[47],"and":[48,72,117,146,153,165,227,239,272,309,321,363,420,468,475,512,543,577,666,677,690,729,733,848,852,919,986,1008,1067,1133,1170,1239,1284],"because":[49,109,160,248,489,609,1128,1186],"MICs":[50],"important":[52,66],"pathogens":[53],"are":[54,58,571,616,623,641,653,1085,1216,1296],"increasing,":[55],"larger":[56,528,846],"doses":[57,334,339,442,529,566,591,632,652,668,847,1084],"frequently":[59,1217],"recommended":[60,531,1048],"nowadays.":[61],"Therapeutic":[62],"drug":[63,741,1275],"monitoring":[64,81,485,504,635,742,1030,1056,1078,1111,1148,1202,1233,1288],"ensuring":[68],"appropriateness":[69],"dosing":[71,534],"limiting":[73,739],"most":[77],"should":[82,782,1149,1173],"not":[83,288,319,391,487,602,756,886,900,967,972,980,1032,1106,1163,1264],"performed":[85,506,816,1033],"until":[86,892,1112],"steady-state":[87,747,795],"has":[88,482,592,1123,1280],"been":[89,123,139,141,483,594,839,1124,1281],"achieved.":[90],"In":[91,1258],"late":[92],"2009,":[93],"a":[94,187,192,208,250,330,421,518,720,808,821,825,829,859,901,957,1164,1196],"54":[95],"year":[96],"old,":[97],"morbidly":[98],"patient":[100,799,857,988],"(approximately":[101],"150":[102],"kg)":[103],"referred":[105],"our":[107,638,708,780,880,911,1259],"Hospital":[108,256],"increasing":[111,581],"tiredness,":[112],"abdominal":[113],"cramps,":[114],"ulcerated":[115],"leg":[116],"per":[118],"rectum":[119],"bleeding.":[120],"She":[121,212],"had":[122,138,168,800,858],"discharged":[124],"just":[125],"9":[126,181,359],"days":[127,337,358,1035],"earlier":[128,614,1077,1151,1232],"following":[129],"an":[130,147,645],"admission":[131],"pneumonia":[133],"which":[135,151,191,369,953],"time":[136,370,680,1242],"she":[137],"also":[140,593,684,696,1204],"diagnosed":[142],"atrial":[144],"fibrillation":[145],"ischaemic":[148],"finger":[149],"enoxaparin":[152],"warfarin":[154],"were":[155,340,403,695,705,792,917,923],"started.":[156],"Warfarin":[157],"withheld":[159],"INR":[162],"3.4":[164],"haemoglobin":[166],"concentration":[167,351,431,694,718,770,884,948,1045],"fallen":[169],"from":[170,449,494,553,580,1184],"143":[171],"g":[172,176,267,445,670,1272],"l\u22121":[173,177],"103":[175],"over":[178,335,355,437,584],"preceding":[180],"days.":[182,280,297],"provisional":[184],"diagnosis":[185],"retroperitoneal":[188],"bleed":[189],"CT":[193,810],"scan":[194,811,823],"(using":[195],"100":[196,826,1138],"ml":[197,827],"non-ionic,":[199],"low":[200,734,863,950],"osmolar,":[201,864],"Iopromide":[202],"contrast)":[203],"ordered.":[205],"This":[206,819,965,1161],"revealed":[207],"rectus":[209],"sheath":[210],"haematoma.":[211],"taking":[214],"many":[215],"drugs":[216,766],"including":[217,949],"paracetamol/doxylamine/codeine,":[218],"warfarin,":[219,1195],"verapamil,":[220],"digoxin,":[221],"hydroxychloroquine,":[222],"prednisolone,":[223],"nitrazepam,":[224],"oxazepam,":[225],"furosemide":[226,985],"nystatin.":[228],"At":[229,281],"presentation,":[230],"serum":[231,349,716,882,946,997],"creatinine":[232,350,375,430,472,717,883,947,998,1213],"65":[234],"\u00b5mol":[235,361,366,381],"l\u22121,":[236],"temperature":[237,317],"38\u00b0C":[238],"CRP":[240],"200":[242],"mg":[243,259,314,412,418,427,777],"l\u22121.":[244,315],"Vancomycin":[245,463],"prescribed":[247,664,1086],"history":[251],"MRSA.":[253],"According":[254],"protocol":[257,286,1279],"(15":[258],"kg\u22121":[260],"twice":[264,268],"daily),":[265],"2":[266,444],"daily":[269],"ordered":[271],"plan":[274],"administer":[277],"7":[279],"time,":[283],"hospital":[285,1278],"advised":[287],"monitor":[290],"if":[291],"treatment":[292,963],"planned":[294],"<7":[296],"However":[298],"one":[299,1171],"sample":[300],"taken":[302],"11":[303,771],"h":[304,406,415,424,456,772,873,1139],"after":[305,407],"first":[307,774],"reported":[311,1102],"14.2":[313],"did":[318,390,885,971,979],"settle":[320],"(as":[323],"sole":[325],"antibiotic)":[326],"continued":[328],"total":[331],"17":[333,441],"10":[336,364,453],"(three":[338],"omitted":[341],"failure":[344],"i.v.":[346,461],"access).":[347],"increased":[352,646,672],"(by":[353],">50%":[354,889],"baseline)":[356],"on":[357,377,817,930,956,1289],"(121":[360],"l\u22121)":[362,367,382,419,433,778],"(173":[365],"stopped.":[373],"Serum":[374,400,429],"peaked":[376],"day":[378,450,893,1290],"15":[379],"(252":[380],"(Figure":[383],"1)":[384],"then":[385,1013],"slowly":[386],"fell":[387],"though":[388],"it":[389,481,1187,1285],"reach":[392],"baseline,":[393],"pre-admission":[394],"concentrations":[395,402,1022,1104,1155],"6":[397],"months":[398],"later.":[399],"checked":[404],"27":[405],"last":[409],"(54.8":[411],"l\u22121),":[413],"24":[414],"later":[416,425],"(46.2":[417],"further":[422],"48":[423],"(29.6":[426],"l\u22121).":[428],"(\u00b5mol":[432],"(n":[434],"=":[435],"50\u2013120)":[436],"course":[439],"(bold":[447],"line,":[448],"0":[451],"36":[455],"missed":[457],"no":[460,801,920,1297],"access)":[462],"primarily":[465],"renally":[466,1131],"cleared":[467,1132],"relationship":[470],"between":[471],"clearance":[473,477,1015],"(CLcr)":[474],"so":[479],"good,":[480],"suggested":[484],"needed":[488],"can":[491,1038,1136,1234],"calculated":[493],"CLcr[1].":[495],"A":[496,833],"wide-ranging":[498],"US":[499],"review":[500,521],"[2]":[501],"advises":[502,1287],"trough":[503,692,790],"\u2018steady-state\u2019":[508,1122],"(generally":[509],"four":[510],"doses)":[511],"this":[513,760,1058,1068,1307],"advice":[514],"reiterated":[516],"Australian":[520],"[3].":[522],"Two":[523],"factors":[524,622,704,837,896,938],"have":[525,558,783,838,927,940,1061,1070,1107,1211],"resulted":[526],"being":[530],"recently,":[532],"namely":[533],"according":[535],"(rather":[538],"than":[539],"ideal)":[540],"acceptance":[544,588],"higher":[546,559,565,590,630,651,789],"therapeutic":[547,575,740,1049,1154,1245],"ranges.":[548],"former":[550],"recommendation":[551],"came":[552],"observations":[554],"subjects":[557,663],"clearances":[560,1214],"[4,":[561],"5]":[562],"(and":[563],"hence":[564],"or":[567,805,977,984],"more":[568],"frequent":[569],"administration":[570,974],"required":[572],"achieve":[574],"concentrations)":[576],"latter":[579],"bacterial":[582],"resistance":[583],"decades.":[586],"encouraged":[595],"by":[596,1177],"perception":[598],"toxic":[604,610],"once":[607,794],"present":[612,706],"now":[617],"removed":[618],"[6].":[619],"Combined,":[620],"these":[621],"likely":[624,793,1000],"encourage":[626],"clinicians":[627],"use":[629,849],"minimal":[634],"patient.":[639,709,912],"There":[640,1295],"however,":[642],"data":[643],"suggesting":[644],"risk":[647,699,836],"when":[650,1043,1082,1193],"used.":[654],"Lodise":[655],"et":[656],"al.":[657],"[7]":[658],"examined":[659],"246":[662],"found":[667],"\u22654":[669],"day\u22121":[671],"both":[673],"incidence":[675],"of,":[676],"shortened":[678],"to,":[681],"nephrotoxicity.":[682,1074],"They":[683],"observed":[685,1218],">101":[688],"kg":[689],"initial":[691],"related":[697,1001],"[8].":[702],"These":[703,844,895],"Given":[710],"inherent":[712],"unreliability":[713],"marker":[721],"renal":[723,803,908,935,1011,1027,1092,1142],"function":[724,1093],"(especially":[725,767],"muscle-wasted":[727],"subjects)":[728],"ready":[731],"availability":[732],"cost":[735],"assays,":[738],"appears":[743,870],"illogical.":[744],"Sampling":[745],"before":[746],"needs":[748],"viewed":[751],"light":[754,929],"(viz.":[755],"steady-state)":[758],"done":[762],"routinely":[763],"other":[765,914],"warfarin).":[768],"post":[773],"(14.2":[776],"case":[781],"cautioned":[784],"prescriber":[786],"much":[788],"values":[791],"reached.":[797],"Our":[798,856,1277],"prior":[802],"impairment":[804,909,1012],"disease":[806],"contrast":[809,898],"abdomen":[814],"admission.":[818],"standard":[822],"low-osmolar,":[830],"non-ionic":[831,865],"contrast.":[832,866],"variety":[834],"identified":[840,918,1062],"contrast-induced-nephrotoxicity":[842],"[9].":[843],"include":[845],"ionic":[851],"osmolar":[854],"agents.":[855],"modest":[860],"Contrast-induced":[867],"nephropathy":[868],"typically":[869],"within":[871],"48\u201372":[872],"procedure":[876],"[10]":[877],"patient,":[881],"rise":[887,944,995],"above":[890],"baseline":[891],"9.":[894],"suggest":[897],"major":[902],"factor":[903],"development":[906],"No":[913,1302],"nephrotoxic":[915],"agents":[916],"specific":[921],"tests":[922],"requested":[924],"might":[926,1069,1203],"shed":[928],"nature":[932],"injury.":[936,1028],"Other":[937],"may":[939,1105],"contributed":[941],"blood":[951],"pressure":[952],"recorded":[955],"few":[958],"occasions":[959],"during":[960,1034,1057],"period.":[964],"appeared":[966,990],"symptomatic,":[970],"require":[973],"fluids":[976],"inotropes,":[978],"necessitate":[981],"halting":[982],"verapamil":[983],"never":[989],"septic.":[991],"We":[992,1075],"believe":[993],"resulting":[1010,1016],"reduced":[1014],"very":[1019,1197],"probably":[1024],"compounded":[1025],"Because":[1029],"1\u20139,":[1036],"we":[1037],"only":[1039,1248],"speculate":[1040],"exceeded":[1046],"range.":[1050],"It":[1051],"certain":[1053],"however":[1054],"period":[1059],"would":[1060,1253],"excessive":[1066],"prevented":[1071],"subsequent":[1073],"recommend":[1076],"vancomycin,":[1080],"large":[1083],"and/or":[1087,1225],"there":[1088],"doubt":[1090],"about":[1091],"estimates.":[1094],"Prescribers":[1095],"will":[1096],"need":[1097],"aware":[1100],"reached":[1108],"steady-state.":[1109],"Delaying":[1110],"fourth":[1114],"[2,":[1116],"3]":[1117],"belief":[1120],"achieved":[1125],"simplistic":[1127],"hence,":[1134],"half-life":[1135],"exceed":[1137],"severe":[1141],"impairment.":[1143],"If":[1144,1231],"interpreted":[1145],"appropriately,":[1146],"early":[1147],"facilitate":[1150],"attainment":[1152],"well":[1157],"reducing":[1159],"toxicity.":[1160],"novel":[1165],"concept":[1166,1191],"clinical":[1168],"practice":[1169],"easily":[1175],"mastered":[1176],"junior":[1178],"medical":[1179],"staff":[1180],"(perhaps":[1181],"assistance":[1183,1207],"pharmacists)":[1185],"same":[1190,1269],"used":[1192,1199],"initiating":[1194],"widely":[1198],"anticoagulant.":[1200],"Earlier":[1201],"who":[1210,1227],"accelerated":[1212],"systemic":[1222],"infections":[1223],"[11]":[1224],"those":[1226],"fail":[1228],"thrive.":[1230],"help":[1235],"avoid":[1236],"undue":[1237],"toxicity":[1238],"shorten":[1240],"attaining":[1244],"concentrations,":[1246],"argument":[1249],"against":[1250],"performing":[1251],"them":[1252],"appear":[1254],"cost.":[1257],"hospital;":[1260],"assaying":[1261],"expensive,":[1265],"costing":[1266],"approximately":[1267],"3":[1271,1291],"itself.":[1276],"subsequently":[1282],"modified":[1283],"currently":[1286],"therapy.":[1294],"competing":[1298],"interests":[1299],"declare.":[1301],"funding":[1303],"provided":[1305],"work.":[1308]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}