{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978794855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023069","title":"Overt versus covert responding and retention by sixth-grade students.","display_name":"Overt versus covert responding and retention by sixth-grade students.","publication_year":1966,"publication_date":"1966-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978794855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023069","mag":"1978794855","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5908298"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1037/h0023069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023069","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61703936","display_name":"Journal of Educational Psychology","issn_l":"0022-0663","issn":["0022-0663","1939-2176"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Educational Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089871894","display_name":"Robert L. Crist","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47301684","display_name":"Illinois State University","ror":"https://ror.org/050kcr883","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47301684"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert L. Crist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Illinois State U"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois State U","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47301684"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089871894"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47301684"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3635,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50322971,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"2","first_page":"99","last_page":"101"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10918","display_name":"Memory Processes and Influences","score":0.8690999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10918","display_name":"Memory Processes and Influences","score":0.8690999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12848","display_name":"Psychological Testing and Assessment","score":0.031099999323487282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.009399999864399433,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retention","display_name":"retention","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sixth-grade-students","display_name":"sixth grade students","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-s-learning","display_name":"children's learning","score":0.3190000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8671997785568237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.6968070268630981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779747766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18542","display_name":"Grade retention","level":3,"score":0.4882974624633789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.4441553056240082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.37906473875045776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3209890127182007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781206393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419","display_name":"Academic achievement","level":2,"score":0.24251574277877808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011380","descriptor_name":"Programmed Instructions as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1037/h0023069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023069","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61703936","display_name":"Journal of Educational Psychology","issn_l":"0022-0663","issn":["0022-0663","1939-2176"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Educational Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:5908298","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5908298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of educational psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007110889","https://openalex.org/W2013627632","https://openalex.org/W2000117909","https://openalex.org/W4280565836","https://openalex.org/W1993038292","https://openalex.org/W174429684","https://openalex.org/W2045404854","https://openalex.org/W2084598907","https://openalex.org/W2056940884","https://openalex.org/W2034923955"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}