{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978704274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200109000-00028","title":"Hospital Profitability per Hour of Operating Room Time Can Vary Among Surgeons","display_name":"Hospital Profitability per Hour of Operating Room Time Can Vary Among Surgeons","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978704274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200109000-00028","mag":"1978704274","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11524339"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00000539-200109000-00028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200109000-00028","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200109000-00028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104698359","display_name":"Anesthesia & Analgesia","issn_l":"0003-2999","issn":["0003-2999","1526-7598"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anesthesia &amp; Analgesia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114111676","display_name":"Alex Macario","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alex Macario","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5640, USA. amaca@stanford.edu","Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5640, USA. amaca@stanford.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015901694","display_name":"Franklin Dexter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5897-2484","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5897-2484"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Franklin Dexter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Management Consulting, Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Management Consulting, Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083001060","display_name":"Rodney D. Traub","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57328836","display_name":"North Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1bnb22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodney D. Traub","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Business Administration, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Business Administration, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114111676"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.0843,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":138,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98606713,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"93","issue":"3","first_page":"669","last_page":"675"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11773","display_name":"Healthcare Operations and Scheduling Optimization","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3604","display_name":"Emergency Medical Services"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11773","display_name":"Healthcare Operations and Scheduling Optimization","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3604","display_name":"Emergency Medical Services"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13896","display_name":"Health Services Management and Policy","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-profitability","display_name":"hospital profitability","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contribution-margin","display_name":"contribution margin","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-room-utilization","display_name":"operating room utilization","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgeon-variation","display_name":"surgeon variation","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-room-scheduling","display_name":"operating room scheduling","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-operating-margins","display_name":"hospital operating margins","score":0.5410000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8897478580474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129361004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2470236","display_name":"Profitability index","level":2,"score":0.7834396362304688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.6630907654762268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.6585414409637451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15430695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11157999","display_name":"Gross margin","level":3,"score":0.4829196631908417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74370782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722249","display_name":"Operating margin","level":4,"score":0.47091054916381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3540995121002197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61434518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932510","display_name":"General surgery","level":1,"score":0.32627272605895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.13438549637794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0904589295387268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185669311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163221","display_name":"Return on assets","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001071","descriptor_name":"Appointments and Schedules","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003365","descriptor_name":"Costs and Cost Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004469","descriptor_name":"Economics, Hospital","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009873","descriptor_name":"Operating Rooms","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010820","descriptor_name":"Physicians","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00000539-200109000-00028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200109000-00028","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200109000-00028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104698359","display_name":"Anesthesia & Analgesia","issn_l":"0003-2999","issn":["0003-2999","1526-7598"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anesthesia &amp; Analgesia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11524339","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11524339","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anesthesia and analgesia","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5683000087738037,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482411635","https://openalex.org/W1993769984","https://openalex.org/W2005748272","https://openalex.org/W2014283710","https://openalex.org/W2018164531","https://openalex.org/W2023555943","https://openalex.org/W2028965689","https://openalex.org/W2044296519","https://openalex.org/W2071062746","https://openalex.org/W2084570266","https://openalex.org/W2087044259","https://openalex.org/W2106677039","https://openalex.org/W2107031757","https://openalex.org/W2118810004","https://openalex.org/W2166907599","https://openalex.org/W3048170472"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993812576","https://openalex.org/W2082749576","https://openalex.org/W3159690286","https://openalex.org/W7162400133","https://openalex.org/W2118810004","https://openalex.org/W2086791948","https://openalex.org/W1999854818","https://openalex.org/W2023555943","https://openalex.org/W4294818527","https://openalex.org/W2045423259"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"operating":[1,42],"margins":[2,105],"(i.e.,":[3],"profits)":[4],"of":[5,12,19,41,65,94,132,175,211],"hospitals":[6,140],"are":[7,152],"decreasing.":[8],"An":[9],"important":[10],"aspect":[11],"a":[13],"hospital's":[14],"finances":[15],"is":[16,24,145],"the":[17,33,61,75,79,101,133,173,189,208,212],"profitability":[18],"individual":[20],"surgical":[21,213],"cases,":[22,177],"which":[23,36,142,149],"measured":[25],"by":[26,57],"contribution":[27,37,83,90,104,192],"margin.":[28,84],"We":[29,50,85],"sought":[30],"to":[31,35,78,81,100,171,182,199],"determine":[32],"extent":[34],"margin":[38,91,124,193],"per":[39,92,106,125],"hour":[40,93,108,127],"room":[43],"(OR)":[44],"time":[45,96,205],"can":[46,157],"vary":[47],"among":[48,97,109,194],"surgeons.":[49],"retrospectively":[51],"analyzed":[52],"2848":[53],"elective":[54,150],"cases":[55,112,151],"performed":[56],"94":[58],"surgeons":[59,181,195],"at":[60],"Stanford":[62],"University":[63],"School":[64],"Medicine.":[66],"For":[67],"each":[68,110],"case,":[69],"we":[70],"subtracted":[71],"variable":[72],"costs":[73],"from":[74],"total":[76],"payment":[77],"hospital":[80],"compute":[82],"found":[86],"moderate":[87],"variability":[88,102,190],"in":[89,103,191],"OR":[95,107,126,143,204],"surgeons,":[98],"relative":[99],"surgeon's":[111],"(Cohen's":[113],"f":[114],"equaled":[115],"0.29,":[116],"95%":[117],"lower":[118],"confidence":[119],"interval":[120],"bound":[121],"0.27).":[122],"Contribution":[123],"was":[128],"negative":[129],"for":[130,139,141,148],"26%":[131],"cases.":[134,187],"These":[135],"results":[136],"have":[137],"implications":[138],"utilization":[144],"extensive,":[146],"and":[147,185],"only":[153],"scheduled":[154,162],"if":[155],"they":[156],"be":[158,197],"completed":[159],"during":[160],"regularly":[161],"hours.":[163],"To":[164],"increase":[165,172],"or":[166],"achieve":[167],"profitability,":[168],"managers":[169],"need":[170],"hours":[174],"lucrative":[176],"rather":[178],"than":[179],"encourage":[180],"do":[183],"more":[184,186,200],"Whether":[188],"should":[196],"used":[198],"optimally":[201],"(profitably)":[202],"allocate":[203],"depends":[206],"on":[207],"scheduling":[209],"objectives":[210],"suite.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
