{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978665495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327000em0304_3","title":"On the Status of Boundaries, both Natural and Organizational: A Complex Systems Perspective","display_name":"On the Status of Boundaries, both Natural and Organizational: A Complex Systems Perspective","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978665495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327000em0304_3","mag":"1978665495"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15327000em0304_3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327000em0304_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327000em0304_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228244","display_name":"Emergence","issn_l":"1521-3250","issn":["1521-3250","1532-7000"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Emergence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082068623","display_name":"Kurt A. Richardson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kurt A. Richardson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022295609","display_name":"Michael R. Lissack","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9767-3620","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9767-3620"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael R. Lissack","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6081,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70645138,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"4","first_page":"32","last_page":"49"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.4293999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.4293999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12469","display_name":"Chaos, Complexity, and Education","score":0.1784999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14299","display_name":"Complex Systems and Dynamics","score":0.15039999783039093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundaries","display_name":"boundaries","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-boundaries","display_name":"natural boundaries","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-boundaries","display_name":"organizational boundaries","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-systems","display_name":"complex systems","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-structure","display_name":"organizational structure","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rational-control","display_name":"rational control","score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complexity-thinking","display_name":"complexity thinking","score":0.42399999499320984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.7911109924316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4579244554042816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4175404906272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.33510199189186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3245169520378113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.32418715953826904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19851502776145935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1356903314590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.09070223569869995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07696747779846191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15327000em0304_3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327000em0304_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327000em0304_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228244","display_name":"Emergence","issn_l":"1521-3250","issn":["1521-3250","1532-7000"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Emergence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.19.2100","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.19.2100","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.kurtrichardson.com/Boundaries_Emerg.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511986174","https://openalex.org/W2015332551","https://openalex.org/W2024419553","https://openalex.org/W2037758809","https://openalex.org/W2038973717","https://openalex.org/W2049547686","https://openalex.org/W2069008056","https://openalex.org/W2110010593","https://openalex.org/W2126435931","https://openalex.org/W2140135857","https://openalex.org/W2140256961","https://openalex.org/W2147116970","https://openalex.org/W2158587857","https://openalex.org/W2159533613","https://openalex.org/W2478227765","https://openalex.org/W2991668532","https://openalex.org/W3047312983","https://openalex.org/W6858277306"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1693917456","https://openalex.org/W4247901202","https://openalex.org/W2589371447","https://openalex.org/W7209886223","https://openalex.org/W2017632267","https://openalex.org/W2058453489","https://openalex.org/W52097305","https://openalex.org/W3022288102","https://openalex.org/W2530688958","https://openalex.org/W2995549650"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"rtly":[0],"by":[1],"their":[2],"own":[3],"previous":[4],"actions,":[5],"modern":[6],"bureaucrats":[7],"and":[8,26,31,70,109,130],"politicians":[9],"are":[10,65,84,103,120,143],"adept":[11],"at":[12],"using":[13],"this":[14],"as":[15],"further":[16],"evidence":[17],"for":[18,21],"the":[19,38,42,95,117,124,137],"need":[20],"yet":[22],"more":[23,29,68,79,149],"\"rational\"":[24],"intervention":[25],"control;":[27],"a":[28,154],"refined":[30],"careful":[32],"use":[33,94],"of":[34,52,161],"\"improved\"":[35],"technology":[36],"...":[37],"poison":[39],"is":[40,112],"also":[41,122],"cure.":[43],"Complexity":[44],"thinking":[45],"forces":[46],"us":[47],"to":[48],"review":[49],"our":[50],"conceptions":[51],"what":[53],"natural":[54],"boundaries":[55,78,86,125,138],"are.":[56],"Are":[57,76],"they":[58,66],"real":[59,80],"in":[60,98],"some":[61,77],"absolute":[62],"sense?":[63],"Or":[64,83],"no":[67,71,148],"than,":[69,73],"less":[72],"social":[74],"constructs?":[75],"than":[81,150],"others?":[82],"all":[85],"equal?":[87],"It":[88],"should":[89],"be":[90],"noted":[91],"that":[92,126,136,139],"we":[93],"term":[96],"\"natural\"":[97],"its":[99],"broadest":[100],"sense.":[101],"We":[102,119],"not":[104],"merely":[105],"concerned":[106,121],"with":[107,123],"atoms":[108],"molecules,":[110],"which":[111],"how":[113],"physicists":[114],"traditionally":[115],"apply":[116],"term.":[118],"describe":[127],"organizations,":[128],"departments,":[129],"teams.":[131],"Some":[132],"scholars":[133],"would":[134],"argue":[135],"delimit":[140],"such":[141],"\"objects\"":[142],"far":[144],"from":[145],"\"natural,\"":[146],"being":[147],"mental":[151],"constructs.":[152],"However,":[153],"complex":[155],"systems":[156],"view":[157],"regards":[158],"these":[159],"sorts":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
