{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978654892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2061111","title":"Three to five main challenges to demographic research","display_name":"Three to five main challenges to demographic research","publication_year":1983,"publication_date":"1983-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978654892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2061111","mag":"1978654892"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/2061111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2061111","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2061111","pdf_url":"https://read.dukeupress.edu/demography/article-pdf/20/4/415/905551/415stolnitz.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30543418","display_name":"Demography","issn_l":"0070-3370","issn":["0070-3370","1533-7790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Demography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://read.dukeupress.edu/demography/article-pdf/20/4/415/905551/415stolnitz.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042453589","display_name":"George J. Stolnitz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"George J. Stolnitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042453589"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"],"apc_list":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.4751,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96148796,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"4","first_page":"415","last_page":"432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12011","display_name":"Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12011","display_name":"Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14509","display_name":"demographic modeling and climate adaptation","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14019","display_name":"Socioeconomic and Demographic Analysis","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demographic-change","display_name":"demographic change","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality","display_name":"mortality","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertility","display_name":"fertility","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-migration","display_name":"internal migration","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-to-urban-migration","display_name":"rural-urban migration","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"urbanization","score":0.597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-aging","display_name":"population aging","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-structure","display_name":"age structure","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-expectancy","display_name":"life expectancy","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demographic-methodology","display_name":"demographic methodology","score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micro-macro-integration","display_name":"micro-macro integration","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-data","display_name":"household data","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-projections","display_name":"population projections","score":0.4020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developed-countries","display_name":"developed countries","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interregional-variation","display_name":"interregional variation","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-expansion","display_name":"urban expansion","score":0.41600000858306885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3946802318096161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.37515881657600403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.3336191773414612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.24478429555892944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.21012073755264282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/2061111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2061111","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2061111","pdf_url":"https://read.dukeupress.edu/demography/article-pdf/20/4/415/905551/415stolnitz.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30543418","display_name":"Demography","issn_l":"0070-3370","issn":["0070-3370","1533-7790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Demography","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:demogr:v:20:y:1983:i:4:p:415-432","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/2061111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/2061111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2061111","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2061111","pdf_url":"https://read.dukeupress.edu/demography/article-pdf/20/4/415/905551/415stolnitz.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30543418","display_name":"Demography","issn_l":"0070-3370","issn":["0070-3370","1533-7790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Demography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1978654892.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1978654892.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1940052852","https://openalex.org/W1982420304","https://openalex.org/W2003168957","https://openalex.org/W2011720296","https://openalex.org/W2014379886","https://openalex.org/W2039973139","https://openalex.org/W2044438570","https://openalex.org/W2048239857","https://openalex.org/W2057615336","https://openalex.org/W2069807537","https://openalex.org/W2072437254","https://openalex.org/W2267739809","https://openalex.org/W2312451331","https://openalex.org/W2316292995","https://openalex.org/W2346593121","https://openalex.org/W2402979924","https://openalex.org/W2438699862","https://openalex.org/W2705744762","https://openalex.org/W2809346987","https://openalex.org/W2906871210","https://openalex.org/W3206357836","https://openalex.org/W4255686818","https://openalex.org/W4256016793"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385616994","https://openalex.org/W2124615174","https://openalex.org/W2076598689","https://openalex.org/W3137416200","https://openalex.org/W1561276017","https://openalex.org/W2765161655","https://openalex.org/W578799333","https://openalex.org/W1997088439","https://openalex.org/W2912210856","https://openalex.org/W2757022305"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"presidential":[1],"address":[2],"is":[3,113,172,202],"poor":[4],"occasion":[5],"for":[6,78,144,287],"changing":[7],"one's":[8,56],"ways,":[9],"and":[10,140,191,210,229,248,255,279,285,330,342,408],"inveterate":[11],"compromisers":[12],"compromise.":[13],"So":[14,76],"that,":[15],"unable":[16],"to":[17,26,55,89,114,117,129,175,203,213,237,252,359,391],"choose":[18],"among":[19,316],"single":[20],"integrated":[21,102],"topics,":[22],"I":[23,163,189,241],"have":[24,98],"decided":[25],"consider":[27],"a":[28,374],"topic":[29,106],"per":[30],"component":[31],"of":[32,53,73,81,121,141,151,154,182,196,207,259,300,309,337,340,386,400,416,426,443,447],"population":[33,431],"change,":[34],"much":[35,77],"in":[36,39,124,136,266,298,324,335,356,370,397,405,419,432],"the":[37,48,79,110,118,179,220,317,325,360,382,392,401,433,436,440,444],"order":[38],"which":[40],"my":[41,82,87,168],"own":[42],"work":[43],"has":[44],"evolved.":[45],"Mortality":[46],"heads":[47],"list,":[49],"as":[50,100,107,348,355,435],"befits":[51],"pride":[52],"place":[54],"research":[57,261,283],"first":[58],"born;":[59],"fertility":[60],"will":[61,66],"come":[62,67],"third.":[63],"Internal":[64],"migration":[65,428],"between,":[68],"at":[69,302,305,413,439],"some":[70],"underserved":[71],"risk":[72],"being":[74],"squeezed.":[75],"Three":[80],"title.":[83],"The":[84,127],"Five":[85],"reflects":[86],"intention":[88],"deal":[90],"with":[91,103],"issues":[92,247],"involving":[93],"basic":[94],"methodology.":[95],"These":[96],"could":[97],"been":[99],"usefully":[101],"each":[104,214],"substantive":[105],"considered":[108],"separately;":[109],"numerical":[111],"distinction":[112],"draw":[115],"attention":[116],"small":[119],"importance":[120,181],"taxonomic":[122],"precision":[123],"such":[125,354],"matters.":[126],"challenges":[128,201],"be":[130,253],"singled":[131],"out":[132],"are":[133,217,290,304],"mainly":[134],"macrodemographic":[135,169,246],"content,":[137],"quantitatively":[138],"oriented,":[139],"major":[142],"interest":[143],"policy.":[145],"As":[146,373],"one":[147,195],"whose":[148],"student":[149],"ways":[150],"counting":[152],"degrees":[153],"freedom":[155],"was":[156],"more":[157],"by":[158,161,233,271,422],"countries":[159,319,328],"than":[160,293],"household,":[162],"should":[164],"perhaps":[165],"add":[166],"that":[167,194,245],"emphasis":[170],"here":[171],"not":[173],"intended":[174],"take":[176],"sides":[177],"concerning":[178],"relative":[180],"macro":[183,209],"versus":[184],"micro":[185,211],"main":[186,199],"issues.":[187],"Indeed,":[188],"believe":[190],"argue":[192],"below":[193],"our":[197,260,272],"discipline's":[198],"unmet":[200],"evolve":[204],"improved":[205],"means":[206,235],"accommodating":[208],"approaches":[212],"other.":[215],"We":[216],"far":[218,291],"from":[219,347,381],"stage":[221],"where":[222],"adequate":[223],"bridges":[224],"exist":[225],"between":[226],"microlevel":[227],"indications":[228],"macrolevel":[230],"uses-a":[231],"shortcoming":[232],"no":[234],"limited":[236],"demography.":[238],"This":[239],"said,":[240],"would":[242],"stress":[243],"nonetheless":[244],"variables":[249],"must":[250],"continue":[251,412],"foremost":[254],"uniquely":[256],"oriented":[257],"parts":[258,399],"endeavor-a":[262],"point":[263],"quite":[264],"obvious":[265],"principle":[267],"but":[268],"easily":[269],"obscured":[270],"growing":[273],"reliance":[274],"on":[275],"household-level":[276],"data":[277],"sources":[278],"models.":[280],"Certainly,":[281],"today's":[282],"opportunities":[284],"needs":[286],"entire-population":[288],"analysis":[289],"greater":[292],"ever":[294],"before.":[295],"International":[296],"differences":[297,404],"expectation":[299],"life":[301],"birth":[303],"historically":[306],"high":[307,351],"orders":[308,415],"magnitude-35":[310],"years":[311],"or":[312,367,388],"more-with":[313],"unprecedented":[314,322],"convergence":[315],"developed":[318,327],"(DCs),":[320],"equally":[321],"disparities":[323],"less":[326],"(LDCs),":[329],"vast":[331],"consequent":[332],"interregional":[333],"variations":[334],"causes":[336],"death,":[338],"quality":[339],"life,":[341],"socioeconomic":[343],"arrangements.":[344],"Fertility":[345],"ranges":[346],"yet":[349],"unyieldingly":[350],"premodern":[352],"levels,":[353],"Black":[357],"Africa,":[358],"apparently":[361,423],"entrenched":[362],"subreplacement":[363],"patterns":[364,385],"now":[365],"frequent":[366],"even":[368],"modal":[369],"high-income":[371],"societies.":[372],"result,":[375],"national":[376],"age":[377],"distributions":[378],"differ":[379],"enormously,":[380],"traditional":[383],"youngage":[384],"pretransition":[387],"earlytransition":[389],"populations":[390],"accelerated":[393],"aging":[394],"trends":[395],"found":[396],"large":[398,420],"West.":[402],"LDC-DC":[403],"urban":[406],"growth":[407],"global":[409],"urbanization":[410],"processes":[411],"peak":[414],"magnitude,":[417],"fueled":[418],"measure":[421],"record":[424],"amounts":[425],"rural-to-urban":[427],"movements.":[429],"Rural":[430],"*Presented":[434],"Presidential":[437],"Address":[438],"Annual":[441],"Meeting":[442],"Population":[445],"Association":[446],"America,":[448],"Pittsburgh,":[449],"Pennsylvania,":[450],"April":[451],"15,":[452],"1983.":[453]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
