{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978624951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2007.54.2.170","title":"Erasing the Brown Scare: Referential Afterlife and the Power of Memory Templates","display_name":"Erasing the Brown Scare: Referential Afterlife and the Power of Memory Templates","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978624951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2007.54.2.170","mag":"1978624951"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1525/sp.2007.54.2.170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2007.54.2.170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2007.54.2.170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129389861","display_name":"Social Problems","issn_l":"0037-7791","issn":["0037-7791","1533-8533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Problems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112732485","display_name":"Gary Alan Fine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2431-1562","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2431-1562"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gary Alan Fine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046359643","display_name":"Terence E. McDonnell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7944-9200","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7944-9200"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Terence Mcdonnell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112732485"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"],"apc_list":{"value":4073,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4073},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":32.0997,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99274722,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"2","first_page":"170","last_page":"187"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12927","display_name":"Memory, History, Trauma, Identity","score":0.4562999904155731,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12927","display_name":"Memory, History, Trauma, Identity","score":0.4562999904155731,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12493","display_name":"Memory, violence, and history","score":0.29170000553131104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11104","display_name":"Memory, Trauma, and Commemoration","score":0.043299999088048935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forgetting","display_name":"forgetting","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sedition-trials","display_name":"sedition trials","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-security-state","display_name":"national security state","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-trials","display_name":"political trials","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-memory","display_name":"public memory","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-communism","display_name":"anti-communism","score":0.5239999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C538439097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623282","display_name":"Afterlife","level":2,"score":0.9587001800537109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6125027537345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.3544549345970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3452734351158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3390723764896393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.3334960341453552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.33011049032211304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.25618213415145874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.17983993887901306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1525/sp.2007.54.2.170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2007.54.2.170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2007.54.2.170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129389861","display_name":"Social Problems","issn_l":"0037-7791","issn":["0037-7791","1533-8533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Problems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.666700005531311,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":101,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83835212","https://openalex.org/W216756370","https://openalex.org/W320351568","https://openalex.org/W329485892","https://openalex.org/W567481268","https://openalex.org/W583269667","https://openalex.org/W585184193","https://openalex.org/W600487115","https://openalex.org/W639111159","https://openalex.org/W655288925","https://openalex.org/W1489766911","https://openalex.org/W1494647569","https://openalex.org/W1504775469","https://openalex.org/W1508650331","https://openalex.org/W1512227027","https://openalex.org/W1526190091","https://openalex.org/W1526635626","https://openalex.org/W1540916546","https://openalex.org/W1555775532","https://openalex.org/W1559468026","https://openalex.org/W1562611337","https://openalex.org/W1563979045","https://openalex.org/W1603784931","https://openalex.org/W1813382291","https://openalex.org/W1952048815","https://openalex.org/W1976292768","https://openalex.org/W1978443929","https://openalex.org/W1981258202","https://openalex.org/W1984218255","https://openalex.org/W1991582226","https://openalex.org/W1993269338","https://openalex.org/W1995689924","https://openalex.org/W1996444548","https://openalex.org/W1997808126","https://openalex.org/W1998684272","https://openalex.org/W2015298379","https://openalex.org/W2022087566","https://openalex.org/W2028138151","https://openalex.org/W2030611456","https://openalex.org/W2031410733","https://openalex.org/W2034853081","https://openalex.org/W2047333566","https://openalex.org/W2049695024","https://openalex.org/W2053021620","https://openalex.org/W2053080267","https://openalex.org/W2058016433","https://openalex.org/W2060992986","https://openalex.org/W2062674544","https://openalex.org/W2063518259","https://openalex.org/W2065362539","https://openalex.org/W2069663373","https://openalex.org/W2073820184","https://openalex.org/W2073827438","https://openalex.org/W2073848223","https://openalex.org/W2074956219","https://openalex.org/W2080717504","https://openalex.org/W2080988566","https://openalex.org/W2081567782","https://openalex.org/W2085283812","https://openalex.org/W2089714313","https://openalex.org/W2100808988","https://openalex.org/W2103426047","https://openalex.org/W2104190044","https://openalex.org/W2115088078","https://openalex.org/W2117954987","https://openalex.org/W2125377513","https://openalex.org/W2142989832","https://openalex.org/W2165974844","https://openalex.org/W2173342857","https://openalex.org/W2317926692","https://openalex.org/W2318471404","https://openalex.org/W2318929553","https://openalex.org/W2320314172","https://openalex.org/W2324818363","https://openalex.org/W2336424613","https://openalex.org/W2500441266","https://openalex.org/W2505663499","https://openalex.org/W2505727645","https://openalex.org/W2763526160","https://openalex.org/W2765082982","https://openalex.org/W2766558524","https://openalex.org/W2796602039","https://openalex.org/W2798941767","https://openalex.org/W2800843686","https://openalex.org/W2800974509","https://openalex.org/W2890139858","https://openalex.org/W2908469084","https://openalex.org/W2970246767","https://openalex.org/W2970248174","https://openalex.org/W3008882399","https://openalex.org/W3141201512","https://openalex.org/W4206954338","https://openalex.org/W4230243769","https://openalex.org/W4234958602","https://openalex.org/W4246287444","https://openalex.org/W4249183684","https://openalex.org/W4252136122","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300476714","https://openalex.org/W4302172835","https://openalex.org/W4382540497"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4252177942","https://openalex.org/W4246661484","https://openalex.org/W4402523514","https://openalex.org/W1563345530","https://openalex.org/W2492748744","https://openalex.org/W4248443056","https://openalex.org/W2918108618","https://openalex.org/W7033835571","https://openalex.org/W4236466270","https://openalex.org/W4312513524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Perhaps":[0],"paradoxically,":[1],"events":[2,24,71],"can":[3,25],"have":[4,62],"effects":[5],"despite":[6],"having":[7],"been":[8,63],"\"forgotten.\"":[9],"Events":[10],"have,":[11],"in":[12,22,131,154],"Erving":[13],"Goffman's":[14],"(1981:46)":[15],"phrase,":[16],"a":[17],"referential":[18],"afterlife,":[19],"the":[20,30,60,67,95,98,109,115,118,122,127,140,144,147,158],"period":[21,47],"which":[23,70],"be":[26],"referred":[27],"to":[28,59,93,143],"with":[29],"expectation":[31],"that":[32,91,102],"audiences":[33],"will":[34],"understand":[35],"their":[36],"relevance":[37],"and":[38,87,100,125,151],"symbolic":[39],"meaning.":[40],"When":[41],"an":[42],"event":[43,61],"has":[44],"passed":[45],"this":[46],"of":[48,111,117,121,146],"shared":[49],"recollection":[50],"it":[51],"still":[52],"may":[53],"leave":[54],"traces,":[55],"especially":[56],"if":[57],"responses":[58],"institutionalized.":[64],"We":[65,79],"examine":[66,108],"dynamics":[68],"by":[69],"serve":[72],"as":[73],"memory":[74],"templates":[75,81,86],"for":[76,105],"subsequent":[77],"events.":[78],"distinguish":[80],"into":[82],"two":[83],"subtypes:":[84],"interpretative":[85],"action":[88],"templates,":[89,112],"those":[90,101],"contribute":[92],"how":[94],"public":[96,159],"recalls":[97],"past":[99],"provide":[103],"strategies":[104],"action.":[106],"To":[107],"power":[110],"we":[113],"analyze":[114],"forgetting":[116],"brown":[119],"scare":[120],"early":[123],"1940s,":[124],"specifically":[126],"largest":[128],"sedition":[129],"case":[130],"American":[132],"history,":[133],"United":[134],"States":[135],"v.":[136],"McWilliams.":[137],"Attacks":[138],"on":[139],"right":[141],"contributed":[142],"development":[145],"national":[148],"security":[149],"state":[150],"courtroom":[152],"tactics":[153],"political":[155],"trials,":[156],"but":[157],"rarely":[160],"remembers":[161],"them.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}