{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978542673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2004.00212.x","title":"Risk Assessment: Actuarial Prediction and Clinical Judgement of Offending Incidents and Behaviour for Intellectual Disability Services","display_name":"Risk Assessment: Actuarial Prediction and Clinical Judgement of Offending Incidents and Behaviour for Intellectual Disability Services","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-11-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978542673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2004.00212.x","mag":"1978542673"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1468-3148.2004.00212.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2004.00212.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2004.00212.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173117069","display_name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","issn_l":"0952-9608","issn":["0952-9608","1360-2322","1468-3148","1747-3489"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036048857","display_name":"William R. Lindsay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9584-7316","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9584-7316"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800860831","display_name":"NHS Tayside","ror":"https://ror.org/000ywep40","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800860831"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I877506347","display_name":"Abertay University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mwwnx67","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I877506347"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William R. Lindsay","raw_affiliation_strings":["The State Hospital, NHS Tayside, University of Abertay, Dundee, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State Hospital, NHS Tayside, University of Abertay, Dundee, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800860831","https://openalex.org/I877506347"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030290896","display_name":"Nigel Beail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7916-9313","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7916-9313"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nigel Beail","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barnsley Learning Disability Service, University of Sheffield, England, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barnsley Learning Disability Service, University of Sheffield, England, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4600},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8877,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96352551,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"4","first_page":"229","last_page":"234"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10565","display_name":"Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10565","display_name":"Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11015","display_name":"Down syndrome and intellectual disability research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"risk assessment","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-disability","display_name":"intellectual disability","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/violent-offending","display_name":"violent offending","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexual-offending","display_name":"sexual offending","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-variables","display_name":"dynamic variables","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-judgment","display_name":"clinical judgment","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-validity","display_name":"predictive validity","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-tolerance","display_name":"error tolerance","score":0.38999998569488525}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776548248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12621536","display_name":"Judgement","level":2,"score":0.8904587030410767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5759719014167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C551499885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183560","display_name":"Intellectual disability","level":2,"score":0.5558258891105652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.5554333329200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.5173039436340332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20685875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239678","display_name":"Predictive validity","level":2,"score":0.48112812638282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018781618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q454812","display_name":"Clinical judgement","level":2,"score":0.4518342912197113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777617010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18957","display_name":"Mainstream","level":2,"score":0.4360455274581909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.4230266511440277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.25379490852355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.24054402112960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.22088423371315002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.17797881364822388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09726619720458984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.08963122963905334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1468-3148.2004.00212.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2004.00212.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2004.00212.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173117069","display_name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","issn_l":"0952-9608","issn":["0952-9608","1360-2322","1468-3148","1747-3489"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8371999859809875}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1580530644","https://openalex.org/W1917770622","https://openalex.org/W1963562455","https://openalex.org/W1972177310","https://openalex.org/W1978448787","https://openalex.org/W1982904609","https://openalex.org/W1993774459","https://openalex.org/W2012112114","https://openalex.org/W2039380623","https://openalex.org/W2046741070","https://openalex.org/W2047297459","https://openalex.org/W2052156294","https://openalex.org/W2056616724","https://openalex.org/W2067533265","https://openalex.org/W2071603074","https://openalex.org/W2097515085","https://openalex.org/W2106658708","https://openalex.org/W2113821536","https://openalex.org/W2118310866","https://openalex.org/W2151883606","https://openalex.org/W2157387304","https://openalex.org/W2161394260","https://openalex.org/W2797679594","https://openalex.org/W4246859790","https://openalex.org/W4247267703","https://openalex.org/W4388361532"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080206945","https://openalex.org/W2055841052","https://openalex.org/W2105978485","https://openalex.org/W7131882590","https://openalex.org/W2554802219","https://openalex.org/W2028955694","https://openalex.org/W2079070741","https://openalex.org/W7095596810","https://openalex.org/W153864231","https://openalex.org/W2082844108"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"Research":[1],"on":[2,44],"prediction":[3,99,159],"of":[4,39,60,67,92,105,113,125,136,144,213],"violent":[5],"and":[6,51,75,89,103,110,151,165,178],"sexual":[7],"offending":[8],"behaviour":[9],"has":[10,32],"developed":[11],"considerably":[12],"in":[13,65,97,123,128,154,173],"the":[14,37,90,111,126,132,155,187],"mainstream":[15],"criminological":[16],"literature.":[17],"Apart":[18],"from":[19],"one":[20],"publication":[21],"[":[22],"Quinsey":[23],"(2004)":[24],"Offenfers":[25],"with":[26,149],"Developmental":[27],"Disabilities,":[28],"pp.":[29],"131\u2013142]":[30],"this":[31],"not":[33],"been":[34],"extended":[35],"to":[36,77,185,191,205],"field":[38],"intellectual":[40,78],"disabilities.":[41],"Methods":[42],"Work":[43],"actuarial":[45,63],"instruments,":[46],"dynamic":[47,85,93],"variables,":[48],"clinical":[49,53,106,119],"judgement":[50,54,107,120,164],"structured":[52,118],"is":[55,80,87,100,115,121,147,182],"reviewed.":[56,72],"Results":[57],"A":[58,82],"number":[59],"studies":[61],"comparing":[62],"instruments":[64],"terms":[66,124],"their":[68],"predictive":[69],"validity":[70],"are":[71,108,195],"Relative":[73],"effectiveness":[74],"applicability":[76],"disability":[79],"considered.":[81],"framework":[83],"for":[84,95],"variables":[86,94],"outlined":[88],"importance":[91,112],"inclusion":[96],"risk":[98,145],"established.":[101],"Strengths":[102],"limitations":[104],"reported":[109],"reliability":[114],"noted.":[116],"Finally,":[117],"reviewed":[122],"way":[127],"which":[129],"it":[130,181],"combines":[131],"other":[133],"three":[134],"groups":[135],"variables.":[137],"Conclusions":[138],"The":[139],"information":[140,190],"regarding":[141],"different":[142],"methods":[143],"assessment":[146],"integrated":[148],"research":[150,189],"opinion":[152],"contained":[153],"Special":[156],"Issue.":[157],"Risk":[158],"will":[160,169],"always":[161,170],"be":[162,171,211],"a":[163,207],"as":[166,196,198],"such":[167],"there":[168],"errors":[172],"judgement.":[174],"As":[175],"clinicians,":[176],"researchers":[177],"policy":[179],"makers":[180],"our":[183],"duty":[184],"employ":[186],"latest":[188],"make":[192],"predictions":[193],"that":[194,209],"accurate":[197],"possible.":[199],"However,":[200],"we":[201],"must":[202],"also":[203],"help":[204],"promote":[206],"culture":[208],"can":[210],"tolerant":[212],"inevitable":[214],"errors.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}