{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978524034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.2007.00105.x","title":"The Experience of Rural Independent Pharmacies With Medicare Part D: Reports From the Field","display_name":"The Experience of Rural Independent Pharmacies With Medicare Part D: Reports From the Field","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978524034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.2007.00105.x","mag":"1978524034","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17868234"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1748-0361.2007.00105.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.2007.00105.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.2007.00105.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69340840","display_name":"The Journal of Rural Health","issn_l":"0890-765X","issn":["0890-765X","1748-0361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Rural Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016510747","display_name":"Andrea D. Radford","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Radford","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina Rural Health Research & Policy Analysis Center, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7590, USA. aradford@schsr.unc.edu","North Carolina Rural Health Research & Policy Analysis Center, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina Rural Health Research & Policy Analysis Center, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7590, USA. aradford@schsr.unc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina Rural Health Research & Policy Analysis Center, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082609409","display_name":"Rebecca T. Slifkin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebecca Slifkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina Rural Health Research & Policy Analysis Center, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina Rural Health Research & Policy Analysis Center, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064108544","display_name":"Roslyn Fraser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7692-9308","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7692-9308"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59130452","display_name":"University of Nebraska Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00thqtb16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59130452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roslyn Fraser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rural Policy Research Institute (RUPRI) Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rural Policy Research Institute (RUPRI) Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59130452"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111646186","display_name":"Michelle Mason","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59130452","display_name":"University of Nebraska Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00thqtb16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59130452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michelle Mason","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rural Policy Research Institute (RUPRI) Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rural Policy Research Institute (RUPRI) Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59130452"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037623389","display_name":"Keith J. Mueller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6533-3303","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6533-3303"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59130452","display_name":"University of Nebraska Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00thqtb16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59130452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keith Mueller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rural Policy Research Institute (RUPRI) Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rural Policy Research Institute (RUPRI) Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59130452"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4480,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4480},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2159,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93740788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"4","first_page":"286","last_page":"293"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.4636000096797943,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.4636000096797943,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13970","display_name":"Pharmacy and Medical Practices","score":0.45210000872612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3611","display_name":"Pharmacy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.05860000103712082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicare-part-d","display_name":"Medicare Part D","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prescription-drug-coverage","display_name":"prescription drug coverage","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicare-prescription-drug-improvement-and-modernization-act-of-2003","display_name":"Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/administrative-burden","display_name":"administrative burden","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacist-patient-interaction","display_name":"pharmacist-patient interaction","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-health-care","display_name":"rural health care","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-implementation","display_name":"program implementation","score":0.4950000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104863432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614304","display_name":"Pharmacy","level":2,"score":0.7629112005233765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.6922162771224976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6230355501174927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6806635","display_name":"Medicare Part D","level":4,"score":0.6135945320129395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.5832390785217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778858636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643563","display_name":"Prescription drug","level":3,"score":0.5491443276405334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779457091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105186","display_name":"Pharmacist","level":3,"score":0.5439060926437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5096333026885986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.5011003017425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4951852858066559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.4880196154117584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53844881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856122","display_name":"Modernization theory","level":2,"score":0.4551423192024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.3808444142341614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.1498614251613617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.14854729175567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006278","descriptor_name":"Medicare","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007356","descriptor_name":"Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007407","descriptor_name":"Interviews as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010594","descriptor_name":"Pharmacies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012424","descriptor_name":"Rural Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1748-0361.2007.00105.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.2007.00105.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.2007.00105.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69340840","display_name":"The Journal of Rural Health","issn_l":"0890-765X","issn":["0890-765X","1748-0361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Rural Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17868234","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17868234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.504800021648407,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3493838356","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"5 U1CRH03718-02-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","funder_display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5203638245","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1CRH03714-01-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","funder_display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1736101955","https://openalex.org/W1991235006","https://openalex.org/W2332128555","https://openalex.org/W4237913369"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000983156","https://openalex.org/W2021763724","https://openalex.org/W2955230840","https://openalex.org/W2087101131","https://openalex.org/W7099218541","https://openalex.org/W1933512042","https://openalex.org/W1991235006","https://openalex.org/W2289327812","https://openalex.org/W2764019988","https://openalex.org/W1518142477"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"CONTEXT:":[0],"The":[1,137],"Medicare":[2,17,30,83,163,197],"Prescription":[3],"Drug,":[4],"Improvement,":[5],"and":[6,150,174,202,213],"Modernization":[7],"Act":[8],"of":[9,57,92,102,113,129,157,160,195,210],"2003":[10],"(MMA)":[11],"created":[12],"prescription":[13],"drug":[14],"coverage":[15],"for":[16,200,224],"beneficiaries":[18],"through":[19],"a":[20,54,98,111,155],"new":[21,68,193],"Part":[22,84,164],"D":[23,85,165],"program,":[24],"the":[25,67,88,103,158,192],"single":[26],"largest":[27],"addition":[28],"to":[29,37,48,96,191,218,222,231,235,239],"since":[31],"its":[32],"creation":[33],"in":[34,40,61,87,94,123,133,146],"1965.":[35],"Prior":[36],"program":[38,114],"implementation":[39],"January":[41],"2006,":[42],"concerns":[43],"had":[44],"been":[45],"voiced":[46],"as":[47,110,154],"how":[49,233],"independent":[50,108,131,139,188],"pharmacies,":[51],"which":[52],"represent":[53],"higher":[55],"proportion":[56],"all":[58],"retail":[59],"pharmacies":[60,109,132],"rural":[62,77,107,130,138,187,225],"areas,":[63],"would":[64,185],"fare":[65],"under":[66],"program.":[69],"PURPOSE:":[70],"This":[71],"article":[72],"describes":[73],"first-hand":[74],"reports":[75],"from":[76],"pharmacist-owners":[78,128],"about":[79],"their":[80],"experiences":[81],"with":[82,126,152],"plans":[86],"first":[89],"7":[90],"months":[91],"2006":[93],"order":[95],"gain":[97],"more":[99],"thorough":[100],"understanding":[101],"challenges":[104],"faced":[105],"by":[106],"result":[112,156],"implementation.":[115],"METHODS:":[116],"A":[117],"semi-structured":[118],"interview":[119],"protocol":[120],"was":[121],"utilized":[122],"telephone":[124],"interviews":[125],"22":[127],"10":[134],"states.":[135],"FINDINGS:":[136],"pharmacists":[140,189],"interviewed":[141],"are":[142],"experiencing":[143],"major":[144],"changes":[145],"payment,":[147],"administrative":[148,168,201],"burden,":[149],"interaction":[151,176],"patients":[153,161,198],"shift":[159],"into":[162],"plans.":[166],"While":[167],"burden":[169],"has":[170],"greatly":[171],"increased,":[172],"payment":[173,203],"clinical":[175],"have":[177],"decreased.":[178],"CONCLUSION:":[179],"Actions":[180],"should":[181],"be":[182,216],"considered":[183],"that":[184],"help":[186],"adjust":[190],"circumstances":[194],"having":[196],"mirror,":[199],"purposes,":[204],"commercially":[205],"insured":[206],"patients.":[207],"Long-term":[208],"modification":[209],"existing":[211],"policies":[212],"regulations":[214],"may":[215],"necessary":[217],"assure":[219],"reasonable":[220],"access":[221],"pharmaceuticals":[223],"populations.":[226],"Further":[227],"study":[228],"is":[229],"needed":[230],"determine":[232],"best":[234],"target":[236],"these":[237],"modifications":[238],"essential":[240],"pharmacies.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
