{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978483357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/202331a0","title":"Science as an Instrument of Culture","display_name":"Science as an Instrument of Culture","publication_year":1964,"publication_date":"1964-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978483357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/202331a0","mag":"1978483357"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/202331a0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/202331a0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/202331a0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052581284","display_name":"Cyril Bibby","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799441781","display_name":"Hull College","ror":"https://ror.org/0162adx59","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799441781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"CYRIL BIBBY","raw_affiliation_strings":["Principal, Kingston upon Hull Training College,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Principal, Kingston upon Hull Training College,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799441781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052581284"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799441781"],"apc_list":{"value":12690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":12690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":68.5068,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99763267,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"202","issue":"4930","first_page":"331","last_page":"333"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14151","display_name":"Literary Analysis and Cultural Studies","score":0.29760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14151","display_name":"Literary Analysis and Cultural Studies","score":0.29760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14185","display_name":"Research, Science, and Academia","score":0.1459999978542328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14517","display_name":"Diverse Historical and Scientific Studies","score":0.13220000267028809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/science-and-culture","display_name":"science and culture","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/role-of-science-in-society","display_name":"role of science in society","score":0.8240000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207520454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3099911","display_name":"Scientific instrument","level":2,"score":0.37694382667541504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1533551812171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.139581561088562}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/202331a0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/202331a0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/202331a0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509025824","https://openalex.org/W2314759552","https://openalex.org/W2004691699","https://openalex.org/W4254010086","https://openalex.org/W1967698462","https://openalex.org/W2072446875","https://openalex.org/W2058466772","https://openalex.org/W2094032152","https://openalex.org/W2325335095","https://openalex.org/W2092426446"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}