{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978451167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.226700","title":"Random phase masks for image recognition in optical correlators","display_name":"Random phase masks for image recognition in optical correlators","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978451167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.226700","mag":"1978451167"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.226700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.226700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.226700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067220879","display_name":"Volodymyr Fitio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6086-4087","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6086-4087"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75705878","display_name":"Institute of Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/02we6hx96","country_code":"UA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149851306","https://openalex.org/I75705878"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Volodymyr M. Fitio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Physics and Mechanics (Ukraine)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physics and Mechanics (Ukraine)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75705878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082237254","display_name":"Leonid I. Muravsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8839-2819","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8839-2819"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75705878","display_name":"Institute of Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/02we6hx96","country_code":"UA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149851306","https://openalex.org/I75705878"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonid I. Muravsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Physics and Mechanics (Ukraine)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physics and Mechanics (Ukraine)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75705878"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026827634","display_name":"Arkadiy I. Stefansky","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75705878","display_name":"Institute of Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/02we6hx96","country_code":"UA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149851306","https://openalex.org/I75705878"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arkadiy I. Stefansky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Physics and Mechanics (Ukraine)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physics and Mechanics (Ukraine)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75705878"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75705878"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09272727,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"2647","issue":null,"first_page":"224","last_page":"234"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.5845000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.5845000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.1306000053882599,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11996","display_name":"Random lasers and scattering media","score":0.031599998474121094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-correlator","display_name":"optical correlator","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-recognition","display_name":"image recognition","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-transform-correlator","display_name":"joint transform correlator","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-encoding","display_name":"phase encoding","score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation-peak","display_name":"correlation peak","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-spectrum","display_name":"power spectrum","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"signal-to-noise ratio","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-crystal-spatial-light-modulator","display_name":"liquid crystal spatial light modulator","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-vision","display_name":"biological vision","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retina","display_name":"retina","score":0.8669999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775921608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098847","display_name":"Optical correlator","level":3,"score":0.761620283126831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6366192102432251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.6226112842559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777903624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1477653","display_name":"Spatial light modulator","level":2,"score":0.6075927019119263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5989412069320679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5909048318862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.5842854976654053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168110828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331626","display_name":"Spectral density","level":2,"score":0.5557267665863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5395469069480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93509452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7180943","display_name":"Phase correlation","level":5,"score":0.5017209053039551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96834759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750463","display_name":"Phase modulation","level":3,"score":0.4837105870246887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.44997626543045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4378976821899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.4353001117706299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43226537108421326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984531303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098847","display_name":"Optical correlation","level":2,"score":0.430338591337204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4069262146949768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3945806920528412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.351961612701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.30130505561828613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2664411664009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.23262307047843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18610891699790955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10485765337944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203024314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365258","display_name":"Fourier analysis","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166386157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1477735","display_name":"Short-time Fourier transform","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.226700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.226700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.226700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995131017","https://openalex.org/W2592142615","https://openalex.org/W1971854050","https://openalex.org/W2012341712","https://openalex.org/W2069754976","https://openalex.org/W2169251611","https://openalex.org/W1966747241","https://openalex.org/W2067684210","https://openalex.org/W2008885548","https://openalex.org/W2024271301"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,17,54,71,90,118],"analysis":[1],"of":[2,25,32,40,48,56,75,107,115,121,138,142,149,153],"the":[3,26,29,33,41,46,49,60,66,76,80,84,104,108,122],"random":[4],"binary":[5],"phase":[6,136],"mask's":[7],"(RBPM)":[8],"power":[9],"spectrum":[10],"and":[11,22,65,132],"correlation":[12,20,23,43,61,125],"functions":[13,21],"was":[14,110,130],"carried":[15],"out.":[16],"equations":[18],"for":[19,112,147],"peaks":[24,44,126],"RBPM":[27,78],"at":[28],"output":[30],"plane":[31,106],"coherent":[34,85],"optical":[35,86],"correlator":[36,87,93],"are":[37],"obtained.":[38],"Narrowing":[39],"RBPM's":[42],"to":[45],"sizes":[47],"RBMS":[50],"pixels":[51],"is":[52,63,69,88,156],"studied.":[53],"level":[55],"background":[57],"noise":[58],"surrounding":[59],"peak":[62],"estimated":[64],"signal-to-noise":[67],"ratio":[68],"defined.":[70],"decoding":[72],"(recognition)":[73],"probability":[74],"arbitrary":[77],"or":[79],"phase-encoded":[81,123],"image":[82],"in":[83,103,127,140],"evaluated.":[89],"joint":[91],"transform":[92],"(JTC)":[94],"with":[95],"a":[96,143],"liquid":[97],"crystal":[98],"spatial":[99],"light":[100],"modulator":[101],"placed":[102],"spectral":[105],"JTC":[109,129],"created":[111],"experimental":[113],"proving":[114],"obtained":[116],"results.":[117],"sufficient":[119],"increase":[120],"images":[124,139],"this":[128],"observed":[131],"explained.":[133],"Supposition":[134],"about":[135],"encoding":[137],"retina":[141],"biological":[144],"vision":[145],"system":[146],"explanation":[148],"high":[150],"recognition":[151],"ability":[152],"vital":[154],"organisms":[155],"proposed.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
