{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978447322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000097","title":"Optimizing Resource Leveling in Construction Projects","display_name":"Optimizing Resource Leveling in Construction Projects","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978447322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000097","mag":"1978447322"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000097","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764777209","display_name":"Journal of Construction Engineering and Management","issn_l":"0733-9364","issn":["0733-9364","1943-7862"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Construction Engineering and Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002263687","display_name":"Khaled El\u2010Rayes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6967-3568","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6967-3568"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khaled El-Rayes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 (corresponding author)","Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 (corresponding author)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051484033","display_name":"Dho Heon Jun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dho Heon Jun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 (corresponding author)","Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 (corresponding author)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.7817,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":120,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96423482,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"135","issue":"11","first_page":"1172","last_page":"1180"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12177","display_name":"Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12177","display_name":"Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11006","display_name":"BIM and Construction Integration","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-leveling","display_name":"resource leveling","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-scheduling","display_name":"construction scheduling","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-fluctuations","display_name":"resource fluctuations","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-efficiency","display_name":"resource efficiency","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-scheduling","display_name":"network scheduling","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-productivity","display_name":"construction productivity","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-costs","display_name":"construction costs","score":0.7799999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40797050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315828","display_name":"Resource leveling","level":3,"score":0.6969704031944275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16320812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812200","display_name":"Idle","level":2,"score":0.6674273610115051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6659479141235352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.6141167283058167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5715851783752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4988069534301758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.4603772759437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3237587809562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.32032614946365356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15550631284713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.1520208716392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08891412615776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.07865604758262634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000097","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764777209","display_name":"Journal of Construction Engineering and Management","issn_l":"0733-9364","issn":["0733-9364","1943-7862"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Construction Engineering and Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5378999710083008,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W563644250","https://openalex.org/W612255807","https://openalex.org/W616038930","https://openalex.org/W1517432734","https://openalex.org/W1973650591","https://openalex.org/W2004260750","https://openalex.org/W2027818944","https://openalex.org/W2034691987","https://openalex.org/W2052850947","https://openalex.org/W2066195593","https://openalex.org/W2069937638","https://openalex.org/W2070537839","https://openalex.org/W2079053544","https://openalex.org/W2097671567","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2154168058","https://openalex.org/W3023540311"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364012656","https://openalex.org/W2321095061","https://openalex.org/W2061649712","https://openalex.org/W1596343452","https://openalex.org/W2097671567","https://openalex.org/W4404740480","https://openalex.org/W2800305152","https://openalex.org/W2066195593","https://openalex.org/W4410260653","https://openalex.org/W7147491741"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Construction":[0],"schedules,":[1],"generated":[2],"by":[3,94],"network":[4],"scheduling":[5],"techniques,":[6],"often":[7],"cause":[8],"undesirable":[9,95,163],"resource":[10,31,43,89,96,125,164,167],"fluctuations":[11,44,165],"that":[12,59,91,111,120,149],"are":[13,92,102,155],"impractical,":[14],"inefficient,":[15],"and":[16,37,48,69,87,107,117,139,153,161,166],"costly":[17],"to":[18,34,61,132],"implement":[19],"on":[20,45],"construction":[21,46],"sites.":[22],"This":[23],"paper":[24],"presents":[25],"the":[26,39,54,82,122,134,137,150],"development":[27],"of":[28,42,57,85,114,124,136,145,157],"two":[29,99],"innovative":[30],"leveling":[32],"metrics":[33,101,154,160],"directly":[35],"measure":[36],"minimize":[38],"negative":[40],"impact":[41],"productivity":[47],"cost.":[49],"The":[50,79,98,143],"first":[51],"metric":[52],"quantifies":[53],"total":[55,83],"amount":[56],"resources":[58],"need":[60],"be":[62],"temporarily":[63],"released":[64],"during":[65,75],"low":[66],"demand":[67,77],"periods":[68],"rehired":[70],"at":[71],"a":[72,105],"later":[73],"stage":[74],"high":[76],"periods.":[78],"second":[80],"measures":[81],"number":[84],"idle":[86,168],"nonproductive":[88],"days":[90],"caused":[93],"fluctuations.":[97],"new":[100],"incorporated":[103],"in":[104],"robust":[106],"practical":[108,118],"optimization":[109],"model":[110,138,152],"is":[112,130],"capable":[113,156],"generating":[115],"optimal":[116],"schedules":[119],"maximize":[121],"efficiency":[123],"utilization.":[126],"An":[127],"application":[128],"example":[129],"analyzed":[131],"illustrate":[133],"use":[135],"demonstrate":[140],"its":[141],"capabilities.":[142],"results":[144],"this":[146],"analysis":[147],"show":[148],"present":[151],"outperforming":[158],"existing":[159],"eliminating":[162],"time.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-22T18:32:59.640997","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
