{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978435065","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1631272.1631358","title":"Automatic facial expression recognition on a single 3D face by exploring shape deformation","display_name":"Automatic facial expression recognition on a single 3D face by exploring shape deformation","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978435065","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1631272.1631358","mag":"1978435065"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1631272.1631358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1631272.1631358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1631272.1631358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608757","display_name":"ACM International Conference on Multimedia (ACM MM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th ACM international conference on Multimedia","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017319429","display_name":"Boqing Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3915-5977","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3915-5977"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boqing Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100741363","display_name":"Yueming Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7742-0722","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7742-0722"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueming Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039205892","display_name":"Jianzhuang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7960-9382","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7960-9382"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianzhuang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Multimedia Lab, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China","The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Multimedia Lab, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210116924","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiaoou Tang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoou Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Multimedia Lab, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China","The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Multimedia Lab, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210116924","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.208,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":121,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96857023,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"569","last_page":"572"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.004900000058114529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression-recognition","display_name":"facial expression recognition","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-face-shape","display_name":"3D face shape","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shape-deformation","display_name":"shape deformation","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bu-3dfe","display_name":"BU-3DFE","score":0.9470000267028809}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7560970187187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7380566596984863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.7124906778335571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.7058818340301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6975632309913635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5501160025596619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5345446467399597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5110905766487122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.48954901099205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","level":5,"score":0.4821164608001709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4157017469406128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.2457031011581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1631272.1631358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1631272.1631358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1631272.1631358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608757","display_name":"ACM International Conference on Multimedia (ACM MM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th ACM international conference on Multimedia","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.651.909","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.651.909","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://mmlab.ie.cuhk.edu.hk/archive/2009/Gong_Face_ACM_MM.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.674.4515","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.674.4515","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-scf.usc.edu/%7Eboqinggo/Paper/Gong_Face_ACM_MM_small.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557043124","https://openalex.org/W1770825568","https://openalex.org/W2033773055","https://openalex.org/W2041649634","https://openalex.org/W2049981393","https://openalex.org/W2082498363","https://openalex.org/W2097251587","https://openalex.org/W2116836390","https://openalex.org/W2129187540","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2136063698","https://openalex.org/W2137306662","https://openalex.org/W2137659841","https://openalex.org/W2144569251","https://openalex.org/W2159017231","https://openalex.org/W2166034132","https://openalex.org/W4212774754","https://openalex.org/W4235942947"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162280462","https://openalex.org/W7098733729","https://openalex.org/W2077817136","https://openalex.org/W6963919171","https://openalex.org/W1998111753","https://openalex.org/W2304162027","https://openalex.org/W1997135319","https://openalex.org/W2068610869","https://openalex.org/W2798790645","https://openalex.org/W1996459352"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Facial":[0],"expression":[1,35,133,165],"recognition":[2,36],"has":[3],"many":[4],"applications":[5],"in":[6,143],"multimedia":[7],"processing":[8],"and":[9,65,78,81,95,126,199],"the":[10,54,74,82,93,117,124,127,144,147,156,167,196,210],"development":[11],"of":[12,46,56,169,212],"3D":[13,24,42,49,107,184],"data":[14],"acquisition":[15],"techniques":[16],"makes":[17],"it":[18],"possible":[19],"to":[20,154],"identify":[21],"expressions":[22],"using":[23],"shape":[25,45,62,68,80,85],"information.":[26],"In":[27],"this":[28],"paper,":[29],"we":[30],"propose":[31],"an":[32,47,66,152],"automatic":[33],"facial":[34,61,89,119,132,164],"approach":[37],"based":[38,122],"on":[39,123,181,195],"a":[40,59,101,111,131,163,175,182],"single":[41,183],"face.":[43],"The":[44,71,137,206],"expressional":[48,67,129],"face":[50,76,103,109,185],"is":[51,135,149],"approximated":[52],"as":[53],"sum":[55],"two":[57],"parts,":[58],"basic":[60,75,118],"component":[63,69],"(BFSC)":[64],"(ESC).":[70],"BFSC":[72,94,125],"represents":[73,116],"structure":[77],"neutral-style":[79],"ESC":[83],"contains":[84],"changes":[86,140],"caused":[87],"by":[88,110],"expressions.":[90],"To":[91],"separate":[92],"ESC,":[96],"our":[97,178,213],"method":[98,179],"firstly":[99],"builds":[100],"reference":[102],"for":[104],"each":[105],"input":[106,150],"non-neutral":[108],"learning":[112],"method,":[113],"which":[114,161],"well":[115],"shape.":[120],"Then,":[121],"original":[128],"face,":[130,177],"descriptor":[134,148],"designed.":[136],"surface":[138],"depth":[139],"are":[141,192,204],"considered":[142],"descriptor.":[145],"Finally,":[146],"into":[151],"SVM":[153],"recognize":[155,162],"expression.":[157],"Unlike":[158],"previous":[159],"methods":[160,203],"with":[166,201],"help":[168],"manually":[170],"labeled":[171],"key":[172],"points":[173],"and/or":[174],"neutral":[176],"works":[180],"without":[186],"any":[187],"manual":[188],"assistance.":[189],"Extensive":[190],"experiments":[191],"carried":[193],"out":[194],"BU-3DFE":[197],"database":[198],"comparisons":[200],"existing":[202],"conducted.":[205],"experimental":[207],"results":[208],"show":[209],"effectiveness":[211],"method.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}