{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978396837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01445170.1988.10412469","title":"Towards an interpretation of the use of water in Islamic courtyards and courtyard gardens","display_name":"Towards an interpretation of the use of water in Islamic courtyards and courtyard gardens","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978396837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01445170.1988.10412469","mag":"1978396837"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/01445170.1988.10412469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01445170.1988.10412469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01445170.1988.10412469","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224884","display_name":"The Journal of Garden History","issn_l":"0144-5170","issn":["0144-5170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Garden History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080021343","display_name":"Yasser Tabbaa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yasser Tabbaa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080021343"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21372315,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"197","last_page":"220"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13599","display_name":"Architecture and Cultural Influences","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13599","display_name":"Architecture and Cultural Influences","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14160","display_name":"Water management and technologies","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14197","display_name":"Historical Studies of Medieval Iberia","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/courtyard-garden","display_name":"courtyard garden","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/courtyards","display_name":"courtyards","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-in-architecture","display_name":"water in architecture","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islamic-architecture","display_name":"Islamic architecture","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iwan","display_name":"iwan","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/madrasah","display_name":"madrasah","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/palaces","display_name":"palaces","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alhambra","display_name":"Alhambra","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medieval-islamic-architecture","display_name":"medieval Islamic architecture","score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garden-history","display_name":"garden history","score":0.30300000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776244770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253590","display_name":"Ninth","level":2,"score":0.8118875026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4445939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432","display_name":"Islam","level":2,"score":0.7127744555473328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6756672263145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.6574939489364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501911104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212940","display_name":"Islamic architecture","level":3,"score":0.6358029842376709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.482694149017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.4760270416736603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.4410324990749359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3853906989097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.35884153842926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.32556161284446716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.3092343211174011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.10227429866790771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09141826629638672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/01445170.1988.10412469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01445170.1988.10412469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01445170.1988.10412469","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224884","display_name":"The Journal of Garden History","issn_l":"0144-5170","issn":["0144-5170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Garden History","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W578554838","https://openalex.org/W1542339738","https://openalex.org/W1585191692","https://openalex.org/W2014587357","https://openalex.org/W2016022055","https://openalex.org/W2026531472","https://openalex.org/W2164932069","https://openalex.org/W2332902277","https://openalex.org/W3148725653","https://openalex.org/W4238190978","https://openalex.org/W4242634007","https://openalex.org/W7015174810"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6903696306","https://openalex.org/W2102577213","https://openalex.org/W2915365212","https://openalex.org/W2629650962","https://openalex.org/W4285337768","https://openalex.org/W7135668751","https://openalex.org/W4251004087","https://openalex.org/W2461854733","https://openalex.org/W2602674624","https://openalex.org/W2789906664"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,34],"relation":[1],"between":[2,122],"courtyard":[3,125],"and":[4,24,51,72,82,124,139],"garden":[5,123],"is":[6,126,142],"particularly":[7],"close":[8],"in":[9,15,21,42,136],"Islamic":[10],"architecture,":[11],"a":[12,67,90],"fact":[13],"attributable":[14],"part":[16],"to":[17,89,108],"their":[18],"common":[19],"origin":[20],"the":[22,30,43,85,103,109,113,116,120,132],"irrigated":[23],"walled":[25],"enceinte":[26],"or":[27],"paradeisos":[28],"of":[29,36,66,70,94,106,112],"ancient":[31],"Near":[32],"Fast.":[33],"interpenetration":[35],"these":[37],"two":[38,86],"types":[39,75,87],"was":[40],"enhanced":[41],"medieval":[44],"period":[45],"when":[46],"courtyards":[47,138],"centred":[48],"around":[49],"pools":[50],"surrounded":[52],"by":[53],"iwans":[54],"(halls":[55],"with":[56],"arched":[57],"openings,":[58],"totally":[59],"open":[60],"on":[61],"one":[62,95,133],"side)":[63],"became":[64],"typical":[65],"wide":[68],"variety":[69],"religious":[71],"secular":[73],"monumental":[74],"such":[76],"as":[77],"madrasas":[78],"(theological":[79],"colleges),":[80],"hospitals,":[81],"palaces.1":[83],"While":[84],"remain":[88],"certain":[91],"measure":[92],"independent":[93],"another,":[96],"there":[97],"are":[98],"numerous":[99],"instances,":[100],"ranging":[101],"from":[102],"ninth-century":[104],"palaces":[105],"Samarra":[107],"fourteenth-century":[110],"Court":[111],"Lions":[114],"at":[115],"Alhambra":[117],"palace,":[118],"where":[119],"synthesis":[121],"virtually":[127],"complete.":[128],"Generally":[129],"speaking,":[130],"however,":[131],"element":[134],"present":[135],"most":[137],"all":[140],"gardens":[141],"water.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
