{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978326849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.56.4.556","title":"Fibrosis, lipids, and calcium in human atherosclerotic plaque. In vitro differentiation from normal aortic walls by ultrasonic attenuation.","display_name":"Fibrosis, lipids, and calcium in human atherosclerotic plaque. In vitro differentiation from normal aortic walls by ultrasonic attenuation.","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978326849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.56.4.556","mag":"1978326849","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3884177"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1161/01.res.56.4.556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.56.4.556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.56.4.556","pdf_url":"https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/01.RES.56.4.556","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10652568","display_name":"Circulation Research","issn_l":"0009-7330","issn":["0009-7330","1524-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circulation Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/01.RES.56.4.556","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028570238","display_name":"Eugenio Picano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6375-6361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6375-6361"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E Picano","raw_affiliation_strings":["E Picano"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"E Picano","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015471641","display_name":"Luigi Landini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-2651","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-2651"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L Landini","raw_affiliation_strings":["L Landini"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"L Landini","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023028608","display_name":"A. Distante","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-0192","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-0192"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Distante","raw_affiliation_strings":["A Distante"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"A Distante","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011446598","display_name":"A. Benassi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0547-2915","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0547-2915"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Benassi","raw_affiliation_strings":["A Benassi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"A Benassi","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021946109","display_name":"Roberta Sarnelli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Sarnelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["R Sarnelli"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"R Sarnelli","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102980476","display_name":"Antonio L\u2019Abbate","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-2236","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-2236"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A L'Abbate","raw_affiliation_strings":["A L'Abbate"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"A L'Abbate","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4972,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":79,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81296024,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"4","first_page":"556","last_page":"562"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10727","display_name":"Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography","score":0.3352000117301941,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10727","display_name":"Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography","score":0.3352000117301941,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10372","display_name":"Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics","score":0.2766000032424927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10816","display_name":"Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases","score":0.14219999313354492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atherosclerosis","display_name":"atherosclerosis","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atherosclerotic-plaque","display_name":"atherosclerotic plaque","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-attenuation","display_name":"ultrasonic attenuation","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aortic-wall","display_name":"aortic wall","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plaque-characterization","display_name":"plaque characterization","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibrous-plaque","display_name":"fibrous plaque","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibrofatty-plaque","display_name":"fibrofatty plaque","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcified-plaque","display_name":"calcified plaque","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plaque-fibrosis","display_name":"plaque fibrosis","score":0.5709999799728394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.5953004956245422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.5395052433013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779980429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101004","display_name":"Aorta","level":2,"score":0.5124691128730774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780309369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933382","display_name":"Calcification","level":2,"score":0.5004732608795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.47622448205947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.4058748185634613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3423492908477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.31571683287620544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.16790056228637695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.13117703795433044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0786905586719513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001011","descriptor_name":"Aorta","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001011","descriptor_name":"Aorta","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001161","descriptor_name":"Arteriosclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001161","descriptor_name":"Arteriosclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002118","descriptor_name":"Calcium","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005227","descriptor_name":"Fatty Acids","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005583","descriptor_name":"Fourier Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D050356","descriptor_name":"Lipid Metabolism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066298","descriptor_name":"In Vitro Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1161/01.res.56.4.556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.56.4.556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.56.4.556","pdf_url":"https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/01.RES.56.4.556","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10652568","display_name":"Circulation Research","issn_l":"0009-7330","issn":["0009-7330","1524-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circulation Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3884177","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3884177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circulation research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.548.3296","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.548.3296","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://circres.ahajournals.org/content/56/4/556.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/3089","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11568/3089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:3149380316","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1161/res.56.4.3884177?related-urls=yesl56%2F4%2F556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10652568","display_name":"Circulation Research","issn_l":"0009-7330","issn":["0009-7330","1524-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Circulation Research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1161/01.res.56.4.556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.56.4.556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.56.4.556","pdf_url":"https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/01.RES.56.4.556","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10652568","display_name":"Circulation Research","issn_l":"0009-7330","issn":["0009-7330","1524-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circulation Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9074000120162964}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1978326849.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1978326849.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023586622","https://openalex.org/W2026223197","https://openalex.org/W2052248272","https://openalex.org/W2055772191","https://openalex.org/W2071383343","https://openalex.org/W2088456198","https://openalex.org/W2120421566","https://openalex.org/W2170310177","https://openalex.org/W2172253156","https://openalex.org/W2793567422"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095833913","https://openalex.org/W1995077083","https://openalex.org/W2276101798","https://openalex.org/W2147802074","https://openalex.org/W2164199266","https://openalex.org/W2088456198","https://openalex.org/W2119142354","https://openalex.org/W1261569796","https://openalex.org/W2100930851","https://openalex.org/W2052248272"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"was":[2,68,157,201],"designed":[3],"to":[4,45],"determine":[5],"whether":[6],"attenuation":[7,96,113,125,155],"of":[8,48,63,73,106,120,223],"ultrasound":[9,64],"by":[10,70,77],"the":[11,19,46,49,53,74,83,90,94,107,121,153,193,205,209],"aortic":[12,135],"wall":[13],"is":[14],"potentially":[15],"useful":[16],"in":[17,41,65,159,171,204,208],"characterizing":[18],"atherosclerotic":[20],"lesion.":[21],"Measurements":[22],"were":[23,56,87,189,240],"made":[24],"on":[25],"fresh":[26],"specimens":[27],"taken":[28],"from":[29,146,243],"a":[30,78],"human":[31],"aorta":[32],"at":[33,52],"autopsy.":[34],"Four":[35],"hundred":[36],"different":[37,242],"sites,":[38],"4":[39],"mm":[40],"diameter":[42],"each,":[43],"corresponding":[44],"dimension":[47],"ultrasonic":[50,147],"beam":[51],"focal":[54],"zone,":[55],"ultrasonically":[57],"analyzed":[58],"and":[59,100,114,141,148,168,180,225,245],"histologically":[60],"studied.":[61],"Attenuation":[62],"each":[66,119],"site":[67],"assessed":[69],"Fourier":[71],"analysis":[72],"echo":[75],"produced":[76],"specular":[79],"reflector":[80],"placed":[81],"behind":[82],"specimen.":[84],"Two":[85],"parameters":[86],"measured":[88],"over":[89],"range":[91],"7-11":[92],"MHz:":[93],"integrated":[95,154],"index":[97,156],"(per":[98,102],"cm),":[99],"slope":[101,199],"cm":[103],"per":[104],"MHz)":[105],"best":[108],"fit":[109],"straight":[110],"line":[111],"relating":[112],"frequency.":[115],"Histological":[116],"examination--performed":[117],"for":[118,192],"400":[122],"sites":[123],"where":[124],"had":[126],"been":[127],"measured--identified":[128],"four":[129],"subsets":[130,185],"(100":[131],"samples":[132],"each):":[133],"normal":[134,160,194,210,244],"walls,":[136],"fibrous":[137,172,196,206,246],"plaques,":[138,140],"fibrofatty":[139,176,224],"calcified":[142],"plaques.":[143],"Results":[144],"obtained":[145],"histological":[149],"analyses":[150],"showed":[151],"that":[152],"lowest":[158],"walls":[161],"(24":[162],"+/-":[163,166,174,178,183,214,219,231,236],"2.1,":[164],"mean":[165],"SE)":[167],"progressively":[169],"increased":[170],"(32":[173],"3.1),":[175],"(82":[177],"6.5),":[179],"calcific":[181,226],"(185":[182],"8.7)":[184],"(all":[186],"intergroup":[187],"differences":[188],"significant,":[190],"except":[191],"vs.":[195,216,233],"comparison).":[197],"The":[198],"value":[200],"significantly":[202,241],"lower":[203],"than":[207],"subsets:":[211],"(10(-3))":[212,217,229,234],"31.9":[213],"4.5":[215],"99.5":[218],"9.1,":[220],"respectively.":[221,238],"Values":[222],"plaques":[227],"overlapped:":[228],"383":[230],"21":[232],"320":[235],"23,":[237],"Both":[239],"groups.(ABSTRACT":[247],"TRUNCATED":[248],"AT":[249],"250":[250],"WORDS)":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
