{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978294238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/09273948.2010.520405","title":"Bacterial Contamination of Needles Used for Intravitreal Injections: A Prospective, Multicenter Study","display_name":"Bacterial Contamination of Needles Used for Intravitreal Injections: A Prospective, Multicenter Study","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978294238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/09273948.2010.520405","mag":"1978294238","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21034310"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3109/09273948.2010.520405","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/09273948.2010.520405","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/09273948.2010.520405","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199507061","display_name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","issn_l":"0927-3948","issn":["0927-3948","1744-5078"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055290552","display_name":"Jay M. Stewart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1054-3423","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1054-3423"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jay M. Stewart","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Francisco, Department of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, California, USA. stewartj@vision.ucsf.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Francisco, Department of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, California, USA. stewartj@vision.ucsf.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072863451","display_name":"Sunil K. Srivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0398-8806","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0398-8806"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094864","display_name":"Emory Eye Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00hr6kp69","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132943300","https://openalex.org/I150468666","https://openalex.org/I4210094864","https://openalex.org/I4210109911"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunil K. Srivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University Eye Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","Ophthalmology, Emory Univ, Atlanta, Georgia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University Eye Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666","https://openalex.org/I4210094864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Emory Univ, Atlanta, Georgia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069777948","display_name":"Anne E. Fung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7241-3814","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7241-3814"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801780550","display_name":"California Pacific Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02bjh0167","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114073160","https://openalex.org/I2801780550"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne E. Fung","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA","Ophthalmology, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801780550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801780550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087107258","display_name":"Tamer H. Mahmoud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9792-4159","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9792-4159"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802394747","display_name":"Kresge Eye Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/003dkgb76","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802394747"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tamer H. Mahmoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA","Kresge Eye Institute, Detroit, Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292","https://openalex.org/I2802394747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kresge Eye Institute, Detroit, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802394747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000114862","display_name":"David G. Telander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5472-1423","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5472-1423"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David G. Telander","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Davis, Department of Ophthalmology, Sacramento, California, USA","Ophthalmology, University of California - Davis, Sacramento, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Davis, Department of Ophthalmology, Sacramento, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, University of California - Davis, Sacramento, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030673049","display_name":"Seenu M. Hariprasad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0985-9551","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0985-9551"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seenu M. Hariprasad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Department of Surgery, Section of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chicago, Illinois, USA","Ophthalmology, Univ of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Department of Surgery, Section of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chicago, Illinois, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Univ of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065992903","display_name":"Michael D. Ober","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7015-0109","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7015-0109"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael D. Ober","raw_affiliation_strings":["Retina Consultants of Michigan, Southfield, Michigan, USA","Ophthalmology, University of California - Davis, Sacramento, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Retina Consultants of Michigan, Southfield, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, University of California - Davis, Sacramento, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034481462","display_name":"Prithvi Mruthyunjaya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1087-9736","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1087-9736"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prithvi Mruthyunjaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Duke University Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA","Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055290552"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0192,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84533164,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":"32","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11826","display_name":"Ocular Infections and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11826","display_name":"Ocular Infections and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12744","display_name":"Medical Device Sterilization and Disinfection","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11000","display_name":"Infection Control in Healthcare","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/needle-contamination","display_name":"needle contamination","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intravitreal-injection","display_name":"intravitreal injection","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-contamination","display_name":"bacterial contamination","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cutibacterium-acnes","display_name":"Propionibacterium acnes","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staphylococcus-epidermidis","display_name":"Staphylococcus epidermidis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endophthalmitis","display_name":"endophthalmitis","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conjunctival-culture","display_name":"conjunctival culture","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/povidone-iodine","display_name":"povidone-iodine","score":0.7580000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8975913524627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777949923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131915","display_name":"Staphylococcus epidermidis","level":4,"score":0.8027440905570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779900937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2442109","display_name":"Propionibacterium acnes","level":3,"score":0.6729633808135986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777235844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1294912","display_name":"Endophthalmitis","level":2,"score":0.5572234988212585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112570922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603","display_name":"Contamination","level":2,"score":0.5389114022254944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779129764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1309614","display_name":"Propionibacterium","level":3,"score":0.5285025238990784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181268634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4071230","display_name":"Aseptic processing","level":2,"score":0.4594666659832001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.4458765983581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.4389740228652954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777397205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275792","display_name":"Saline","level":2,"score":0.43770498037338257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186282968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434261","display_name":"McNemar's test","level":2,"score":0.43199554085731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189539697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125312","display_name":"Microbiological culture","level":3,"score":0.4213639497756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4176555573940277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.35486721992492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779489039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188121","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","level":3,"score":0.2418707311153412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.19737496972084045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.15392237901687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.12705454230308533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.12597346305847168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777673923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79928","display_name":"Acne","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000068258","descriptor_name":"Bevacizumab","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069579","descriptor_name":"Ranibizumab","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000911","descriptor_name":"Antibodies, Monoclonal","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003930","descriptor_name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004866","descriptor_name":"Equipment Contamination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008268","descriptor_name":"Macular Degeneration","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009339","descriptor_name":"Needles","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009339","descriptor_name":"Needles","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009877","descriptor_name":"Endophthalmitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011206","descriptor_name":"Povidone-Iodine","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011425","descriptor_name":"Propionibacterium acnes","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013212","descriptor_name":"Staphylococcus epidermidis","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014822","descriptor_name":"Vitreous Body","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015818","descriptor_name":"Eye Infections, Bacterial","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015818","descriptor_name":"Eye Infections, Bacterial","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020256","descriptor_name":"Choroidal Neovascularization","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020533","descriptor_name":"Angiogenesis Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058449","descriptor_name":"Intravitreal Injections","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058449","descriptor_name":"Intravitreal Injections","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061067","descriptor_name":"Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3109/09273948.2010.520405","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/09273948.2010.520405","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/09273948.2010.520405","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199507061","display_name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","issn_l":"0927-3948","issn":["0927-3948","1744-5078"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21034310","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21034310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ocular immunology and inflammation","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309272","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332193","display_name":"Genentech","ror":"https://ror.org/04gndp242"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332585","display_name":"Allergan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wthd003"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964932777","https://openalex.org/W1971460893","https://openalex.org/W1977962161","https://openalex.org/W2018552192","https://openalex.org/W2047424583","https://openalex.org/W2051110779","https://openalex.org/W2052578183","https://openalex.org/W2068742492","https://openalex.org/W2073059205","https://openalex.org/W2085712747","https://openalex.org/W2130937568","https://openalex.org/W2157924865","https://openalex.org/W2320389940"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971460893","https://openalex.org/W98384323","https://openalex.org/W15479530","https://openalex.org/W3031210485","https://openalex.org/W2994556990","https://openalex.org/W2142748259","https://openalex.org/W2962157778","https://openalex.org/W799754091","https://openalex.org/W2063729530","https://openalex.org/W2415233554"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"To":[1],"determine":[2],"the":[3,35,50,95,133,137,141,149],"incidence":[4],"of":[5,8,109,130,148],"bacterial":[6,66],"contamination":[7,107],"needles":[9,62,87,113],"used":[10,102,110],"for":[11],"intravitreal":[12,17],"injections.":[13],"METHODS:":[14],"Patients":[15],"undergoing":[16],"injections":[18],"were":[19,25,32,73],"enrolled":[20],"prospectively.":[21],"No":[22,56],"pre-injection":[23],"antibiotics":[24],"administered.":[26],"Following":[27],"povidone-iodine":[28],"irrigation,":[29],"conjunctival":[30],"cultures":[31],"taken":[33],"and":[34,53,79,111,140],"injection":[36,61],"was":[37,41,47,114],"performed.":[38],"The":[39,68,104],"needle":[40,46,134],"cultured.":[42,54],"A":[43],"dry":[44],"control":[45,86,112],"exposed":[48],"to":[49],"surgical":[51],"field":[52],"RESULTS:":[55],"patients":[57],"developed":[58],"endophthalmitis.":[59],"Eighteen":[60],"(18%)":[63],"yielded":[64],"positive":[65,89,101],"growth.":[67],"most":[69],"commonly":[70],"encountered":[71],"organisms":[72],"Propionibacterium":[74],"acnes":[75],"(n":[76,82],"=":[77,83,117],"8)":[78],"Staphylococcus":[80],"epidermidis":[81],"6).":[84],"Four":[85],"showed":[88],"growth,":[90],"in":[91,153],"2":[92],"cases":[93],"with":[94],"same":[96],"organism":[97],"as":[98],"a":[99,127],"matching":[100],"needle.":[103],"difference":[105],"between":[106],"rates":[108],"significant":[115],"(p":[116],".002,":[118],"McNemar's":[119],"test).":[120],"CONCLUSIONS:":[121],"Bacterial":[122],"contaminants":[123],"are":[124],"present":[125],"on":[126],"substantial":[128],"proportion":[129],"needles.":[131],"Since":[132],"contacts":[135],"both":[136],"ocular":[138],"surface":[139],"vitreous,":[142],"it":[143],"is":[144],"possible":[145],"that":[146],"inoculation":[147],"vitreous":[150],"cavity":[151],"occurs":[152],"such":[154],"cases.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
