{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978227777","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000173412.43562.b3","title":"Critical care medicine training and certification for emergency physicians*","display_name":"Critical care medicine training and certification for emergency physicians*","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978227777","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000173412.43562.b3","mag":"1978227777","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16148486"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000173412.43562.b3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000173412.43562.b3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000173412.43562.b3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108732581","display_name":"Critical Care Medicine","issn_l":"0090-3493","issn":["0090-3493","1530-0293"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Critical Care Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063674308","display_name":"David T. Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7649-1633","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7649-1633","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9165-7643"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David T. Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The CRISMA Laboratory (Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","(EPR)","(KJG)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The CRISMA Laboratory (Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(EPR)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(KJG)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007271096","display_name":"Tiffany Medlin Osborn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9531-6486","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9531-6486"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiffany M. Osborn","raw_affiliation_strings":["(EPR)","(KJG)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(EPR)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(KJG)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064639592","display_name":"Kyle J. Gunnerson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0977-194X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0977-194X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyle J. Gunnerson","raw_affiliation_strings":["(EPR)","(KJG)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(EPR)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(KJG)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074806717","display_name":"Scott R. Gunn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6599-2018","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6599-2018"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott R. Gunn","raw_affiliation_strings":["(EPR)","(KJG)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(EPR)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(KJG)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105193920","display_name":"Stephen W. Trzeciak","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Trzeciak","raw_affiliation_strings":["(EPR)","(KJG)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(EPR)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(KJG)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085726184","display_name":"Edward J. Kimball","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4528-9090","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4528-9090"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward Kimball","raw_affiliation_strings":["(EPR)","(KJG)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(EPR)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(KJG)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052569785","display_name":"Mitchell P. Fink","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mitchell P. Fink","raw_affiliation_strings":["(EPR)","(KJG)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(EPR)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(KJG)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001670387","display_name":"Derek C. Angus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7026-5181","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7026-5181"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derek C. Angus","raw_affiliation_strings":["(EPR)","(KJG)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(EPR)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(KJG)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066795709","display_name":"R. Phillip Dellinger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Phillip Dellinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["(EPR)","(KJG)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(EPR)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(KJG)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109995855","display_name":"Emanuel P. Rivers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emanuel P. Rivers","raw_affiliation_strings":["(EPR)","(KJG)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(EPR)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(KJG)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3187,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77310924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"9","first_page":"2104","last_page":"2109"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14354","display_name":"Emergency Medicine Education and Research","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14354","display_name":"Emergency Medicine Education and Research","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-physicians","display_name":"emergency physicians","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-medical-graduates","display_name":"international medical graduates","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postgraduate-medical-education","display_name":"graduate medical education","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-care-fellowship","display_name":"critical care fellowship","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accreditation-agencies","display_name":"accreditation agencies","score":0.5519999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777925291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2581971","display_name":"Intensivist","level":3,"score":0.8950061798095703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8872701525688171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777543875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797551","display_name":"Waiver","level":2,"score":0.7500221133232117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780724011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1295316","display_name":"Emergency department","level":2,"score":0.5169024467468262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776376669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5094647","display_name":"Intensive care unit","level":2,"score":0.5111258625984192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203915360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352454","display_name":"Critical care nursing","level":3,"score":0.49950623512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.48458611965179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991859549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Critically ill","level":2,"score":0.4832497239112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.43552497029304504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194051981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1337691","display_name":"Economic shortage","level":3,"score":0.4157387912273407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987404301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care","level":2,"score":0.4125768542289734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545288138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860447","display_name":"Emergency medical services","level":2,"score":0.4112170934677124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.3705894649028778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3094961643218994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.27429425716400146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.22871321439743042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.08640208840370178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000078329","descriptor_name":"Workforce","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002568","descriptor_name":"Certification","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003422","descriptor_name":"Critical Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004635","descriptor_name":"Emergency Medicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000193","qualifier_name":"education","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000173412.43562.b3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000173412.43562.b3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000173412.43562.b3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108732581","display_name":"Critical Care Medicine","issn_l":"0090-3493","issn":["0090-3493","1530-0293"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Critical Care Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16148486","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16148486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Critical care medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963746198","https://openalex.org/W1969280658","https://openalex.org/W1977470502","https://openalex.org/W1981648877","https://openalex.org/W2001346687","https://openalex.org/W2005159361","https://openalex.org/W2009511622","https://openalex.org/W2010135840","https://openalex.org/W2013309128","https://openalex.org/W2014382241","https://openalex.org/W2019250282","https://openalex.org/W2020659657","https://openalex.org/W2023099145","https://openalex.org/W2025228946","https://openalex.org/W2026623417","https://openalex.org/W2036937182","https://openalex.org/W2042536199","https://openalex.org/W2045932891","https://openalex.org/W2048753219","https://openalex.org/W2053999599","https://openalex.org/W2054529326","https://openalex.org/W2054591918","https://openalex.org/W2055590280","https://openalex.org/W2062642814","https://openalex.org/W2065611921","https://openalex.org/W2066712893","https://openalex.org/W2069063209","https://openalex.org/W2071402363","https://openalex.org/W2074786420","https://openalex.org/W2090598606","https://openalex.org/W2091233035","https://openalex.org/W2099698394","https://openalex.org/W2104869294","https://openalex.org/W2111335689","https://openalex.org/W2121785744","https://openalex.org/W2121901402","https://openalex.org/W2160691650","https://openalex.org/W2170599429","https://openalex.org/W2292308933","https://openalex.org/W2338787403","https://openalex.org/W4243305524"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388775414","https://openalex.org/W2117539013","https://openalex.org/W2168862043","https://openalex.org/W4362474477","https://openalex.org/W4238715561","https://openalex.org/W2770412664","https://openalex.org/W2312956622","https://openalex.org/W3157437022","https://openalex.org/W2024197481","https://openalex.org/W2571744352"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Demand":[0,62],"for":[1,41,63,103,272],"critical":[2,23,59,64,85,122,181,243,278],"care":[3,24,60,65,86,123,127,139,142,182,244,279],"services":[4,66],"is":[5,67,128,226],"increasing.":[6,68,227],"Unless":[7,69],"the":[8,36,53,70,98,115,164,185,188,236,247,253],"supply":[9,71],"of":[10,35,72,97,177,190],"intensivists":[11,73],"increases,":[12,74],"critically":[13,75,157],"ill":[14,76,158],"patients":[15,77,159],"will":[16,78,233,241],"not":[17,79,194,206,231],"have":[18,80,171,207],"access":[19,81,208],"to":[20,82,163,209,265,269],"intensivists.":[21,83],"Recent":[22,84],"society":[25,87],"recommendations":[26,88],"include":[27,89],"increased":[28,90],"graduate":[29,91],"medical":[30,43,92,105],"education":[31,93],"support":[32,94],"and":[33,58,95,121,137,146,169,179,198,249],"expansion":[34,96],"J-1":[37,99],"visa":[38,100],"waiver":[39,101],"program":[40,102],"foreign":[42,104],"graduates.":[44,106],"This":[45,107],"article":[46,108],"proposes":[47,109],"additional":[48,110],"recommendations,":[49,111],"based":[50,112],"on":[51,113],"strengthening":[52,114],"relationship":[54,116],"between":[55,117],"emergency":[56,118,134,273],"medicine":[57,119,124],"medicine.":[61],"(EM)":[120],"(CCM).":[125],"Critical":[126],"a":[129,203,210,267,277],"continuum":[130],"that":[131,259],"includes":[132],"prehospital,":[133],"department":[135],"(ED),":[136],"intensive":[138],"unit":[140],"(ICU)":[141],"teams.":[143],"Both":[144],"EM":[145,196,224],"CCM":[147,191,221,270],"require":[148],"expertise":[149],"in":[150,173,184,214,220,246],"treating":[151],"life-threatening":[152],"acute":[153],"illness,":[154],"with":[155],"many":[156],"often":[160],"presenting":[161],"first":[162],"ED.":[165,186],"Increased":[166],"patient":[167],"volumes":[168],"acuity":[170],"resulted":[172],"longer":[174],"ED":[175,248],"lengths":[176],"stay":[178],"more":[180],"delivery":[183,245],"However,":[187],"majority":[189],"fellowships":[192],"do":[193,205],"accept":[195],"residents,":[197],"those":[199],"who":[200,275],"successfully":[201],"complete":[202,276],"fellowship":[204],"U.S.":[211],"certification":[212,271],"exam":[213],"CCM.":[215],"Despite":[216],"these":[217],"barriers,":[218],"interest":[219],"training":[222],"among":[223],"physicians":[225,230,274],"Dual":[228],"EM/CCM-trained":[229],"only":[232],"help":[234],"alleviate":[235],"intensivist":[237],"shortage":[238],"but":[239],"also":[240],"strengthen":[242],"facilitate":[250],"coordination":[251],"at":[252],"ED-ICU":[254],"interface.":[255],"We":[256],"therefore":[257],"propose":[258],"all":[260],"accreditation":[261],"bodies":[262],"work":[263],"cooperatively":[264],"create":[266],"route":[268],"fellowship.":[280]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}