{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978138256","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.84.030303","title":"Single-qubit-gate error below 10 \u2212 4 in a trapped ion","display_name":"Single-qubit-gate error below 10 \u2212 4 in a trapped ion","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978138256","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.84.030303","mag":"1978138256"},"language":"lv","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/physreva.84.030303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.84.030303","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.84.030303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164566984","display_name":"Physical Review A","issn_l":"0556-2791","issn":["0556-2791","1050-2947","1094-1622","1538-4446","2469-9926","2469-9934","2469-9942"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review A","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1104.2552","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"K. R. Brown","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. R. Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101731934","display_name":"A. C. Wilson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4172-4710","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4172-4710"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. C. Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009764133","display_name":"Yves Colombe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4499-9261","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4499-9261"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Colombe","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062780325","display_name":"C. Ospelkaus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4170-2936","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4170-2936"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Ospelkaus","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067293985","display_name":"Adam M. Meier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5063-3226","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5063-3226"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. M. Meier","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041610548","display_name":"Emanuel H. Knill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4494-5025","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4494-5025","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1522-664X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Knill","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064543500","display_name":"Dietrich G. Leibfried","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8442-625X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8442-625X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Leibfried","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001536933","display_name":"David J. Wineland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9770-5220","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9770-5220"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. J. Wineland","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"],"apc_list":{"value":2675,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2675},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.755,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":218,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98647944,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"84","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.5210000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.5210000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.4408999979496002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10425","display_name":"Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates","score":0.01209999993443489,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trapped-ion-qubits","display_name":"trapped-ion qubits","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/9be-ions","display_name":"9Be+ ions","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-ion-traps","display_name":"surface-electrode ion trap","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-control","display_name":"microwave control","score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerant-quantum-computation","display_name":"fault-tolerant quantum computing","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gate-fidelity","display_name":"gate fidelity","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalable-quantum-computing","display_name":"scalable quantum computing","score":0.7049999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35585513710975647}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/physreva.84.030303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.84.030303","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.84.030303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164566984","display_name":"Physical Review A","issn_l":"0556-2791","issn":["0556-2791","1050-2947","1094-1622","1538-4446","2469-9926","2469-9934","2469-9942"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review A","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1104.2552","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1104.2552","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1104.2552","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1104.2552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1104.2552","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1104.2552","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"mag:2932272148","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=908365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164566984","display_name":"Physical Review A","issn_l":"0556-2791","issn":["0556-2791","1050-2947","1094-1622","1538-4446","2469-9926","2469-9934","2469-9942"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review A","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1104.2552","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1104.2552","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1104.2552","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1978138256.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1978138256.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483238455","https://openalex.org/W1631356911","https://openalex.org/W1965928854","https://openalex.org/W1967495744","https://openalex.org/W1969329609","https://openalex.org/W1976340511","https://openalex.org/W1981260643","https://openalex.org/W1994099404","https://openalex.org/W2005357928","https://openalex.org/W2032147770","https://openalex.org/W2035496193","https://openalex.org/W2061085975","https://openalex.org/W2078834989","https://openalex.org/W2079294297","https://openalex.org/W2084661371","https://openalex.org/W2119303890","https://openalex.org/W2142908759","https://openalex.org/W2158605123","https://openalex.org/W2164545296","https://openalex.org/W2170620327","https://openalex.org/W2764347725","https://openalex.org/W2952958527","https://openalex.org/W3037853801","https://openalex.org/W4211192199"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2932272148","https://openalex.org/W972162966","https://openalex.org/W2004722598","https://openalex.org/W4410482744","https://openalex.org/W2164545296","https://openalex.org/W6894302100","https://openalex.org/W1994784045","https://openalex.org/W2336871513","https://openalex.org/W1978552568","https://openalex.org/W2915844773"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"a":[1,36,48,65],"${}^{9}{\\mathrm{Be}}^{+}$":[2,31],"trapped-ion":[3],"hyperfine-state":[4],"qubit,":[5],"we":[6],"demonstrate":[7],"an":[8,58],"error":[9],"probability":[10],"per":[11],"randomized":[12],"single-qubit":[13],"gate":[14],"of":[15,21,53,64],"$2.0(2)\\ifmmode\\times\\else\\texttimes\\fi{}{10}^{\\ensuremath{-}5}$,":[16],"below":[17],"the":[18,62],"threshold":[19],"estimate":[20],"${10}^{\\ensuremath{-}4}$":[22],"commonly":[23],"considered":[24],"sufficient":[25],"for":[26],"fault-tolerant":[27],"quantum":[28,67],"computing.":[29],"The":[30,51],"ion":[32,39],"is":[33,42,57],"trapped":[34],"above":[35],"microfabricated":[37],"surface-electrode":[38],"trap":[40,49],"and":[41],"manipulated":[43],"with":[44],"microwaves":[45],"applied":[46],"to":[47],"electrode.":[50],"achievement":[52],"low":[54],"single-qubit-gate":[55],"errors":[56],"essential":[59],"step":[60],"toward":[61],"construction":[63],"scalable":[66],"computer.":[68]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}